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Java中Spring WebSocket详解

转载 作者：qq735679552 更新时间：2022-09-27 22:32:09 25 4
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这篇CFSDN的博客文章Java中Spring WebSocket详解由作者收集整理，如果你对这篇文章有兴趣，记得点赞哟.

首先 pom.xml 。

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< parent >
     < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
     < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId >
     < version >1.5.8.RELEASE</ version >
</ parent >
< dependency >
     < groupId >org.apache.commons</ groupId >
     < artifactId >commons-io</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
     < groupId >javax.websocket</ groupId >
     < artifactId >javax.websocket-api</ artifactId >
     < version >1.0</ version >
     < scope >provided</ scope >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
     < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >
     < artifactId >spring-websocket</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
     < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
     < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-web</ artifactId >
     < exclusions >
         < exclusion >
             < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
             < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-tomcat</ artifactId >
         </ exclusion >
     </ exclusions >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
     < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
     < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-undertow</ artifactId >
</ dependency >

接收消息后的处理类 GameHandler

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import java.net.URI;
import org.springframework.web.socket.BinaryMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.PongMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.AbstractWebSocketHandler;
 
public class GameHandler extends AbstractWebSocketHandler {
  /**
   * 处理字符串类的信息
   *
   * @param session
   * @param message
   * @throws Exception
   */
  @Override
  protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
   session.sendMessage(new TextMessage(message.asBytes()));
  }
 
  /**
   * 处理二进制类的信息
   *
   * @param session
   * @param message
   * @throws Exception
   */
  @Override
  protected void handleBinaryMessage(WebSocketSession session, BinaryMessage message) throws Exception {
   session.sendMessage(new BinaryMessage(message.getPayload()));
  }
 
  /**
   * ping-pong
   *
   * @param session
   * @param message
   * @throws Exception
   */
  @Override
  protected void handlePongMessage(WebSocketSession session, PongMessage message) throws Exception {
    
  }
  /**
   * 传出错误的处理
   *
   * @param session
   * @param exception
   * @throws Exception
   */
  @Override
  public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession session, Throwable exception) throws Exception {
  }
  /**
   * 连接关闭的处理
   *
   * @param session
   * @param status
   * @throws Exception
   */
  @Override
  public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus status) throws Exception {
  }
  /**
   * 连接建立后的处理
   *
   * @param session
   * @throws Exception
   */
  @Override
  public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {   
  }
}

 握手信息拦截器 WebSocketHandshakeInterceptor

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import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServletServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.HandshakeInterceptor;
 
public class WebSocketHandshakeInterceptor implements HandshakeInterceptor {
  @Override
  public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse shr1, WebSocketHandler wsh, Map< String , Object> attributes) throws Exception {
   // 此处可以做一些权限认证的事情或者其他
   return true;
  }
  @Override
  public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest shr, ServerHttpResponse shr1, WebSocketHandler wsh, Exception excptn) {  
  }
}

使用WebSocket的配置类 WebSocketConfig

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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
 
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter implements WebSocketConfigurer {
@Override
  public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
   // 允许连接的域,只能以http或https开头
   String[] allowsOrigins = {"http://127.0.0.1:1213", "http://localhost:1213"};
   registry.addHandler(gameHandler(),"/game").addInterceptors(handshakeInterceptor()).setAllowedOrigins(allowsOrigins);
  }
  @Bean
  public GameHandler gameHandler() {
   return new GameHandler();
  }
  @Bean
  public WebSocketHandshakeInterceptor handshakeInterceptor() {
   return new WebSocketHandshakeInterceptor();
  }
}

启动类 Launcher

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@SpringBootApplication
public class Launcher {
  public static void main(String[] params) {
   SpringApplication.run(Launcher.class, params);
     }
}

配置文件 main/resources/application.properties

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server.port=1213
server.session-timeout=1800
server.undertow.io-threads=4
server.undertow.worker-threads=20
server.undertow.buffer-size=1024
server.undertow.buffers-per-region=1024
server.undertow.direct-buffers=true

前端的测试页面 main\resources\static\index.html 。

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<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "zh-CN" >
  < head >
   < meta charset = "utf-8" >
   < meta http-equiv = "X-UA-Compatible" content = "IE=edge" >
   < meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1" >
   < title >Platform Gateway</ title >
   < link href = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "stylesheet" >
   <!--<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet">-->
   < script src = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" ></ script >
   < script src = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery-scrollTo/2.1.2/jquery.scrollTo.min.js" ></ script >
   < script src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/pako/1.0.6/pako.min.js" ></ script >
   <!--[if lt IE 9]>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
   <![endif]-->
   < style >
    #message{
     height: 600px;
     overflow-y:auto;
    }
   </ style >
  </ head >
  < body >
   < div class = "container" >
    < h1 >WebSocket Test Page</ h1 >
    < hr />
    < div class = "form-inline" >
     < div class = "form-group" >
      < label for = "wsAddr" >WebSocket Address: </ label >
      < div class = "input-group" >
       < span class = "input-group-addon" id = "basic-ws" >ws://127.0.0.1:1213/</ span >
       < input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "basic-ws-addr" aria-describedby = "basic-ws" placeholder = "game" data-container = "body" data-placement = "top" data-content = "链接地址不能为空,请填写" >
      </ div >
     </ div >
     < button type = "button" id = "btnConnect" class = "btn btn-primary" onclick = "connect();" >
      < span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-resize-small" aria-hidden = "true" ></ span >
      连接
     </ button >
     < button type = "button" id = "btnClose" class = "btn btn-danger" disabled = "disabled" onclick = "closeWebSocket();" >
      < span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden = "true" ></ span >
      断开
     </ button >
     < button type = "button" id = "btnSend" class = "btn btn-info" disabled = "disabled" style = "margin-left: 50px;" onclick = "send();" >
      < span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-transfer" aria-hidden = "true" ></ span >
      发送消息
     </ button >
    </ div >< br />
    < textarea class = "form-control" id = "inMsg" rows = "5" placeholder = "在这里输入需要发送的信息..." ></ textarea >
    < hr />
    < div id = "message" ></ div >
   </ div >
   < script src = "https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" ></ script >
   < script type = "text/javascript" >
      function zip(str) {
       var binaryString = pako.gzip(str, {to: 'string'});
       return btoa(binaryString);
      }
      function unzip(b64Data) {
       var strData = atob(b64Data);
       var charData = strData.split('').map(function (x) {
        return x.charCodeAt(0);
       });
       var binData = new Uint8Array(charData);
       var data = pako.inflate(binData);
       strData = String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint16Array(data));
       return strData;
      }
      var websocket = null;
      var wsBaseUrl = null;
      var wsUrl = null;
      function init() {
       wsBaseUrl = "ws://" + window.location.host + "/";
       $("#basic-ws").text(wsBaseUrl);
       $(function () {
        $('[data-toggle="popover"]').popover();
       });
       return false;
      }
//关闭WebSocket连接
      function closeWebSocket() {
       if (websocket) {
        websocket.close();
       }
       return false;
      }
 
//将消息显示在网页上
      function setMessageInnerHTML(who, msg) {
       var message = null;
       if (who === 1) {
        message = '< div class = "alert alert-success" role = "alert" >本地: ' + msg + '</ div >';
       } else {
        message = '< div class = "alert alert-info" role = "alert" >服务器: ' + msg + '</ div >';
       }
       document.getElementById('message').innerHTML = (document.getElementById('message').innerHTML + message);
       $("#message").scrollTo('100%');
       return false;
      }
 
//发送消息
      function send() {
       if (websocket) {
        var message = $("#inMsg").val();
        websocket.send(zip(message));
        setMessageInnerHTML(1, message);
       }
       return false;
      }
      function connect() {
       var url = $("#basic-ws-addr").val();
       if (url.length <= 0) {
        $('#basic-ws-addr').popover('show');
        setTimeout(function () {
         $('#basic-ws-addr').popover('hide');
        }, 3000);
       } else {
        wsUrl = wsBaseUrl + url;
        if ('WebSocket' in window) {
         websocket = new WebSocket(wsUrl);
         //连接发生错误的回调方法
         websocket.onerror = function () {
          setMessageInnerHTML(0, "WebSocket连接发生错误 -> " + wsUrl);
          $("#btnConnect").removeAttr("disabled");
          $("#btnClose").attr("disabled", "disabled");
          $("#btnSend").attr("disabled", "disabled");
         };
 
         //连接成功建立的回调方法
         websocket.onopen = function () {
          setMessageInnerHTML(0, "WebSocket连接成功 -> " + wsUrl);
          $("#btnConnect").attr("disabled", "disabled");
          $("#btnClose").removeAttr("disabled");
          $("#btnSend").removeAttr("disabled");
         };
 
         //接收到消息的回调方法
         websocket.onmessage = function (event) {
          setMessageInnerHTML(0, unzip(event.data));
         };
 
         //连接关闭的回调方法
         websocket.onclose = function () {
          setMessageInnerHTML(0, "WebSocket连接关闭 -> " + wsUrl);
          $("#btnConnect").removeAttr("disabled");
          $("#btnClose").attr("disabled", "disabled");
          $("#btnSend").attr("disabled", "disabled");
         };
 
         //监听窗口关闭事件，当窗口关闭时，主动去关闭websocket连接，防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口，server端会抛异常。
         window.onbeforeunload = function () {
          closeWebSocket();
         };
        } else {
         alert('Not support websocket');
        }
       }
       return false;
      }
      window.onload = init();
   </ script >
  </ body >
</ html >

到此就可以使用 WebSocket 进行前后端的通信了，如果大家还有不明白的或者有更好的方法，可以在下方的留言区讨论.

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/Kxvz/blog/1591764 。

最后此篇关于Java中Spring WebSocket详解的文章就讲到这里了,如果你想了解更多关于Java中Spring WebSocket详解的内容请搜索CFSDN的文章或继续浏览相关文章，希望大家以后支持我的博客！ 。

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