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PostgreSQL function返回多行的操作

转载 作者:qq735679552 更新时间:2022-09-27 22:32:09 29 4
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1. 建表 。

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postgres=# create table tb1(id integer , name character varying );
CREATE TABLE
postgres=#
postgres=# insert into tb1 select generate_series(1,5), 'aa' ;
INSERT 0 5

2. 返回单字段的多行(returns setof datatype) 。

不指定out参数,使用return next xx:

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create or replace function func01() returns setof character varying as $$
declare
n character varying ;
begin
  for i in 1..5 loop
  select name into n from tb1 where id=i;
  return next n;
  end loop;
end
$$ language plpgsql;

指定out参数,使用return next:

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create or replace function func02( out character varying ) returns setof character varying as $$
begin
  for i in 1..5 loop
  select name into $1from tb1 where id=i;
  return next ;
  end loop;
end
$$ language plpgsql;

使用return query:

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create or replace function func03() returns setof character varying as $$
begin
  for i in 1..5 loop
  return query( select name from tb1 where id=i);
  end loop;
end
$$language plpgsql;

3. 返回多列的多行(returns setog record) 。

不指定out参数,使用return next xx:

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create or replace function func04() RETURNS SETOF RECORD as $$
declare
  r record;
begin
  for i in 1..5 loop
  select * into r from tb1 where id=i;
  return next r;
  end loop;
end ;
$$language plpgsql;

在使用func04的时候注意,碰到问题列下:

  。

问题一:

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postgres=# select func04();
ERROR: set -valued function called in context that cannot accept a set
CONTEXT: PL/pgSQL function func04() line 7 at RETURN NEXT

解决:

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If you call your set -returning function the wrong way (IOW the way you might normally call a function ), you will get this error message: Set -valued function called in context that cannot accept a set . Incorrect: select sr_func(arg1, arg2, …); Correct: select * from sr_func(arg1, arg2, …);

问题二:

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postgres=# select * from func04();
ERROR: a column definition list is required for functions returning "record"
LINE 1: select * from func04();

解决:

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postgres=# select * from func04() as t(id integer , name character varying );
  id | name
----+------
  1 | aa
  2 | aa
  3 | aa
  4 | aa
  5 | aa
(5 rows )

这个问题在func04如果指定out参数就不会有问题,如下func05所示:

指定out参数,使用return next:

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create or replace function func05( out out_id integer , out out_name character varying ) returns setof record as $$
declare
  r record;
begin
  for i in 1..5 loop
  select * into r from tb1 where id=i;
  out_id:=r.id;
  out_name:=r. name ;
  return next ;
  end loop;
end ;
$$language plpgsql;
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postgres=# select * from func05();
  id | name
----+------
  1 | aa
  2 | aa
  3 | aa
  4 | aa
  5 | aa
(5 rows )

使用return query:

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create or replace function func06() returns setof record as $$
begin
  for i in 1..5 loop
  return query( select id, name from tb1 where id=i);
  end loop;
end ;
$$language plpgsql;
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postgres=# select * from func06() as t(id integer , name character varying );
  id | name
----+------
  1 | aa
  2 | aa
  3 | aa
  4 | aa
  5 | aa
(5 rows )

补充:Postgresql - plpgsql - 从Function中查询并返回多行结果 。

通过plpgsql查询表,并返回多行的结果.

关于创建实验表插入数据这里就不说啦 。

返回查询结果 。

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mytest=# create or replace function test_0830_5() returns setof test
mytest-# as $$
mytest$# DECLARE
mytest$# r test%rowtype; -- 将
mytest$# BEGIN
mytest$# FOR r IN
mytest$# SELECT * FROM test WHERE id > 0
mytest$# LOOP
mytest$# RETURN NEXT r;
mytest$# END LOOP;
mytest$# RETURN ;
mytest$# END
mytest$# $$ language plpgsql;
CREATE FUNCTION
 
mytest=# select test_0830_5(1);
test_0830_5
------------------------------------------
(2,abcabc, "2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187" )
......
(11,abcabc, "2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187" )
(10 rows )
 
mytest=# select * from test_0830_5();
id | col1 | col2
----+--------+----------------------------
2 | abcabc | 2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187
......
11 | abcabc | 2018-08-30 09:26:14.392187
(10 rows )

返回某列 。

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mytest=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_0830_6( date ) RETURNS SETOF integer AS $$
mytest$# BEGIN
mytest$# RETURN QUERY SELECT id
mytest$# FROM test
mytest$# WHERE col2 >= $1
mytest$# AND col2 < ($1 + 1);
mytest$# IF NOT FOUND THEN
mytest$# RAISE EXCEPTION 'No id at %.' , $1;
mytest$# END IF;
mytest$# RETURN ;
mytest$# END
mytest$# $$
mytest-# LANGUAGE plpgsql;
CREATE FUNCTION
mytest=# select test_0830_6( '2018-08-30' );
test_0830_6
-------------
2
......
11
(10 rows )

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持我。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教.

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/luojinbai/article/details/45487373 。

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