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Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例

转载 作者:qq735679552 更新时间:2022-09-28 22:32:09 26 4
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抽屉效果的导航菜单 看了很多应用,觉得这种侧滑的抽屉效果的菜单很好.

Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例

不用切换到另一个页面,也不用去按菜单的硬件按钮,直接在界面上一个按钮点击,菜单就滑出来,而且感觉能放很多东西。 库的引用: 首先, drawerlayout这个类是在support library里的,需要加上android-support-v4.jar这个包.

然后程序中用时在前面导入import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout,

如果找不到这个类,首先用sdk manager更新一下android support library,然后在android sdk\extras\android\support\v4路径下找到android-support-v4.jar,复制到项目的libs路径,将其add to build path. 。

代码1 布局:

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<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
   android:layout_width= "match_parent"
   android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
 
   <android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout
     xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:id= "@+id/drawer_layout"
     android:layout_width= "match_parent"
     android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
 
     <!-- the main content view -->
     <!-- main content must be the first element of drawerlayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it -->
 
     <framelayout
       android:id= "@+id/content_frame"
       android:layout_width= "match_parent"
       android:layout_height= "match_parent" />
 
     <!-- the navigation drawer -->
 
     <listview
       android:id= "@+id/left_drawer"
       android:layout_width= "240dp"
       android:layout_height= "match_parent"
       android:layout_gravity= "left"
       android:background= "#111"
       android:choicemode= "singlechoice"
       android:divider= "@android:color/transparent"
       android:dividerheight= "0dp" />
   </android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>
 
</relativelayout> 

  drawerlayout的第一个子元素是主要内容,即抽屉没有打开时显示的布局。这里采用了一个framelayout,里面什么也没放.

  drawerlayout的第二个子元素是抽屉中的内容,即抽屉布局,这里采用了一个listview.

主要的activity(从官方实例中扒出来的):

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package com.example.hellodrawer;
 
import android.os.bundle;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.res.configuration;
import android.view.menuitem;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
import android.widget.arrayadapter;
import android.widget.listview;
import android.support.v4.app.actionbardrawertoggle;
import android.support.v4.view.gravitycompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;
 
public class hellodraweractivity extends activity
{
 
   private string[] mplanettitles;
   private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout;
   private actionbardrawertoggle mdrawertoggle;
   private listview mdrawerlist;
 
   @override
   public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
   {
     super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
     setcontentview(r.layout.activity_hello_drawer);
 
     mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.drawer_layout);
 
     // init the listview and adapter, nothing new
     initlistview();
 
     // set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer
     // opens
     mdrawerlayout.setdrawershadow(r.drawable.drawer_shadow,
         gravitycompat.start);
 
     mdrawertoggle = new actionbardrawertoggle(this, mdrawerlayout,
         r.drawable.ic_drawer, r.string.drawer_open,
         r.string.drawer_close)
     {
 
       /** called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
       public void ondrawerclosed(view view)
       {
 
         invalidateoptionsmenu(); // creates call to
                       // onprepareoptionsmenu()
       }
 
       /** called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
       public void ondraweropened(view drawerview)
       {
 
         invalidateoptionsmenu(); // creates call to
                       // onprepareoptionsmenu()
       }
     };
 
     // set the drawer toggle as the drawerlistener
     mdrawerlayout.setdrawerlistener(mdrawertoggle);
 
     // enable actionbar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawer
     getactionbar().setdisplayhomeasupenabled(true);
     // getactionbar().sethomebuttonenabled(true);
     // note: getactionbar() added in api level 11
   }
 
   private void initlistview()
   {
     mdrawerlist = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.left_drawer);
 
     mplanettitles = getresources().getstringarray(r. array .planets_array);
 
     // set the adapter for the list view
     mdrawerlist.setadapter( new arrayadapter<string>(this,
         r.layout.list_item, mplanettitles));
     // set the list's click listener
     mdrawerlist.setonitemclicklistener( new onitemclicklistener()
     {
 
       @override
       public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> parent, view view,
           int position, long id)
       {
         // highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the
         // drawer
         mdrawerlist.setitemchecked(position, true);
         settitle(mplanettitles[position]);
         mdrawerlayout.closedrawer(mdrawerlist);
       }
     });
   }
 
   @override
   protected void onpostcreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
   {
     super.onpostcreate(savedinstancestate);
     // sync the toggle state after onrestoreinstancestate has occurred.
     mdrawertoggle.syncstate();
   }
 
   @override
   public void onconfigurationchanged(configuration newconfig)
   {
     super.onconfigurationchanged(newconfig);
     mdrawertoggle.onconfigurationchanged(newconfig);
   }
 
   @override
   public boolean onoptionsitemselected(menuitem item)
   {
     // pass the event to actionbardrawertoggle, if it returns
     // true, then it has handled the app icon touch event
     if (mdrawertoggle.onoptionsitemselected(item))
     {
       return true;
     }
     // handle your other action bar items...
 
     return super.onoptionsitemselected(item);
   }
 
}

比较纠结的是用了level 11的一个api,这样minsdkversion就有限制,不能太低.

图片资源android官网示例处提供下载了.

程序运行后效果如下: 抽屉打开前:

Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例

抽屉打开后:

Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例

代码2 今天又看了一下drawerlayout的类,发现有很多方法可以直接用的.

重新试了一下,其实不用上面那么麻烦,随便自己定义一个按钮控制抽屉的打开就行:

布局:

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<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
   android:layout_width= "match_parent"
   android:layout_height= "match_parent"
   android:paddingbottom= "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
   android:paddingleft= "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
   android:paddingright= "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
   android:paddingtop= "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
   tools:context= ".draweractivity" >
 
   <android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout
     android:id= "@+id/drawer_layout"
     android:layout_width= "match_parent"
     android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
 
     <!-- the main content view -->
 
     <framelayout
       android:id= "@+id/content_frame"
       android:layout_width= "match_parent"
       android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
 
       <button
         android:id= "@+id/btn"
         android:layout_width= "match_parent"
         android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
         android:text= "open"
         />
     </framelayout>
 
     <!-- the navigation drawer -->
 
     <listview
       android:id= "@+id/left_drawer"
       android:layout_width= "240dp"
       android:layout_height= "match_parent"
       android:layout_gravity= "start"
       android:background= "#111"
       android:choicemode= "singlechoice"
       android:divider= "@android:color/transparent"
       android:dividerheight= "0dp" />
   </android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>
 
</relativelayout>

  主要代码:

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package com.example.hellodrawer;
 
import android.os.bundle;
import android.app.activity;
import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;
import android.view.gravity;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.onclicklistener;
import android.widget.button;
 
public class draweractivity extends activity
{
   private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout = null;
 
   @override
   protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
   {
     super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
     setcontentview(r.layout.activity_drawer);
 
     mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.drawer_layout);
 
     button button = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btn);
     button.setonclicklistener( new onclicklistener()
     {
 
       @override
       public void onclick(view v)
       {
         // 按钮按下,将抽屉打开
         mdrawerlayout.opendrawer(gravity.left);
 
       }
     });
   }
 
}

使用toolbar + drawerlayout快速实现高大上菜单侧滑 如果你有在关注一些遵循最新的material design设计规范的应用的话(如果没有,假设你有!),也许会发现有很多使用了看起来很舒服、很高大上的侧滑菜单动画效果,示例如下(via 参考2):

Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例

今天就来使用官方支持库来快速实现这类效果,需要使用到toolbar和drawerlayout,详细步骤如下:(如果你还不知道这两个widget,先自己google吧~) 首先需要添加appcompat-v7支持:

如果是在android studio 1.0 rc4上创建的项目,默认已经添加了appcompat-v7支持了,如果不是最新版as则需要在build.gradle中添加如下代码:

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dependencies {
   ... //其他代码
   compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.2'
}

添加完成后需要同步一下gradle 。

添加toolbar:

由于toolbar是继承自view,所以可以像其他标准控件一样直接主布局文件添加toolbar,但是为了提高toolbar的重用效率,可以在layout创建一个custom_toolbar.xml代码如下:

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
   <android.support.v7.widget.toolbar xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     xmlns:app= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
     android:id= "@+id/tl_custom"
     android:layout_width= "match_parent"
     android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
     android:background= "?attr/colorprimary"
     android:minheight= "?attr/actionbarsize"
     android:popuptheme= "@style/themeoverlay.appcompat.light"
     app:theme= "@style/themeoverlay.appcompat.actionbar" >
</android.support.v7.widget.toolbar>

说明:

android.support.v7.widget.toolbar - 当然如果只在lollipop中可以直接使用toolbar而不需要加上v7支持 xmlns:app - 自定义xml命名控件,在as中可以直接指定res-auto而不需要使用完整包名 android:background 和 android:minheight 均可以在styles.xml中声明 添加drawerlayout:

和toolbar类似,为了提高代码重用效率,可以在layout中创建一个custom_drawerlayout.xml代码如下

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
   <android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:id= "@+id/dl_left"
     android:layout_width= "match_parent"
     android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
   <!--主布局-->
   <linearlayout
     android:layout_width= "match_parent"
     android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
     <imageview
       android:id= "@+id/iv_main"
       android:layout_width= "100dp"
       android:layout_height= "100dp" />
   </linearlayout>
   <!--侧滑菜单-->
   <linearlayout
     android:layout_width= "match_parent"
     android:layout_height= "match_parent"
     android:background= "#fff"
     android:layout_gravity= "start" >
     <listview
       android:id= "@+id/lv_left_menu"
       android:layout_width= "match_parent"
       android:layout_height= "match_parent"
       android:divider= "@null"
       android:text= "drawerlayout" />
   </linearlayout>
</android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>

drawerlayout标签中有两个子节点,一个是左边菜单,一个是主布局,另外需要在左边菜单起始位置设置为android:layout_gravity="start" 。

实现activity_main.xml:

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<linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
   android:layout_width= "match_parent"
   android:layout_height= "match_parent"
   android:orientation= "vertical"
   tools:context= ".mainactivity" >
     <!--toolbar-->
     < include layout= "@layout/custom_toolbar" />
     <!--drawerlayout-->
     < include layout= "@layout/custom_drawerlayout" />
</linearlayout>

直接使用include标签,简洁明了 。

完善java代码:

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public class mainactivity extends actionbaractivity {
   //声明相关变量
   private toolbar toolbar;
   private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout;
   private actionbardrawertoggle mdrawertoggle;
   private listview lvleftmenu;
   private string[] lvs = { "list item 01" , "list item 02" , "list item 03" , "list item 04" };
   private arrayadapter arrayadapter;
   private imageview ivrunningman;
   private animationdrawable manimationdrawable;
   @override
   protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
     super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
     setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
     findviews(); //获取控件
     //京东runningman动画效果,和本次toolbar无关
     manimationdrawable = (animationdrawable) ivrunningman.getbackground();
     manimationdrawable.start();
     toolbar.settitle( "toolbar" ); //设置toolbar标题
     toolbar.settitletextcolor(color.parsecolor( "#ffffff" )); //设置标题颜色
     setsupportactionbar(toolbar);
     getsupportactionbar().sethomebuttonenabled(true); //设置返回键可用
     getsupportactionbar().setdisplayhomeasupenabled(true);
     //创建返回键,并实现打开关/闭监听
     mdrawertoggle = new actionbardrawertoggle(this, mdrawerlayout, toolbar, r.string.open, r.string.close) {
       @override
       public void ondraweropened(view drawerview) {
         super.ondraweropened(drawerview);
         manimationdrawable.stop();
       }
       @override
       public void ondrawerclosed(view drawerview) {
         super.ondrawerclosed(drawerview);
         manimationdrawable.start();
       }
     };
     mdrawertoggle.syncstate();
     mdrawerlayout.setdrawerlistener(mdrawertoggle);
     //设置菜单列表
     arrayadapter = new arrayadapter(this, android.r.layout.simple_list_item_1, lvs);
     lvleftmenu.setadapter(arrayadapter);
   }
   private void findviews() {
     ivrunningman = (imageview) findviewbyid(r.id.iv_main);
     toolbar = (toolbar) findviewbyid(r.id.tl_custom);
     mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.dl_left);
     lvleftmenu = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.lv_left_menu);
   }
}

当然比较重要还有styles.xml和colors.xml,具体如下:  。

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<resources>
   <style name= "apptheme" parent= "theme.appcompat.light.noactionbar" >
     <!--状态栏颜色-->
     <item name= "colorprimarydark" >@color/indigo_colorprimarydark</item>
     <!--toolbar颜色-->
     <item name= "colorprimary" >@color/indigo_colorprimary</item>
     <!--返回键样式-->
     <item name= "drawerarrowstyle" >@style/apptheme.drawerarrowtoggle</item>
     </style>
     <style name= "apptheme.drawerarrowtoggle" parent= "base.widget.appcompat.drawerarrowtoggle" >
     <item name= "color" >@android:color/white</item>
   </style>
</resources>
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<resources>
   <color name= "indigo_colorprimarydark" >#303f9f</color>
   <color name= "indigo_colorprimary" >#3f51b5</color>
   <color name= "indigo_nav_color" >#4675ff</color>
</resources>

到此就实现了高大上菜单侧滑,最终效果如下(注:在yosemite上貌似直接record手机屏幕貌似不起作用,而且动画由于帧率原因无法实时,就先这样看吧~) 。

Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例

最后此篇关于Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例的文章就讲到这里了,如果你想了解更多关于Android App中DrawerLayout抽屉效果的菜单编写实例的内容请搜索CFSDN的文章或继续浏览相关文章,希望大家以后支持我的博客! 。

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