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SpringCloud @FeignClient参数的用法解析

转载 作者:qq735679552 更新时间:2022-09-28 22:32:09 27 4
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SpringCloud @FeignClient 参数详解

今天因为工作中遇到FeignClient一个奇葩的bug,后面仔细研究了,找出了原因,那么刚好对FeignClient 这个注解总结一下:

先看@FeignClient 源码:源码如下,本文最后面.

11个方法,常用方法说明如下 。

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@FeignClient (name = "service-name" , url = "${feign.urls.service-name:}" , fallback =ApiFallBack. class ,configuration = Interceptor. class )
  • 1.value,name 这两个就同一个意思:对应的是调用的微服务的服务名,对用服务发现、走网关调用,这个很关键。
  • 2.url 这是访问地址,可以直接提供给外部调用,也可以直接写如192.168.1.11:8800/applicationName
  • 3.fallback fallbackFactory

就给@FeignClient注解设置fallback属性,并且回退类要继承@FeignClient所注解的接口 。

ApiFallBack类拿出去单独作为一个类的话,我们就得在该类上添加注解@Component 。

如果fallback默认优先级比fallfactory优先级高。所以二者都存在的话,会访问fallback的回退方法.

这里不做演示.

那么fallback和fallfactory有什么区别呢 。

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@FeignClient (name = "service-name" , fallbackFactory = HystrixClientFallbackFactory. class )
protected interface HystrixClient {
@RequestMapping (method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/test" )
            Hello iFailSometimes();
  }
@Component
static class HystrixClientFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<HystrixClient> {
@Override
public HystrixClient create(Throwable cause) {
return new HystrixClientWithFallBackFactory() {
@Override
public Hello iFailSometimes() {
return new Hello( "fallback; reason was: " + cause.getMessage());
}
};
}
}

fallback和fallfactory区别 。

  • fallback 只是重写了回退方法。
  • fallfactory 层面比较深,因为它用线程抛出了异常,可以看到底层具体问题。
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/**
  * Annotation for interfaces declaring that a REST client with that interface should be
  * created (e.g. for autowiring into another component). If ribbon is available it will be
  * used to load balance the backend requests, and the load balancer can be configured
  * using a <code>@RibbonClient</code> with the same name (i.e. value) as the feign client.
  *
  * @author Spencer Gibb
  * @author Venil Noronha
  */
@Target (ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention (RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface FeignClient {
 
    /**
     * The name of the service with optional protocol prefix. Synonym for {@link #name()
     * name}. A name must be specified for all clients, whether or not a url is provided.
     * Can be specified as property key, eg: ${propertyKey}.
     */
    @AliasFor ( "name" )
    String value() default "" ;
 
    /**
     * The service id with optional protocol prefix. Synonym for {@link #value() value}.
     *
     * @deprecated use {@link #name() name} instead
     */
    @Deprecated
    String serviceId() default "" ;
 
    /**
     * The service id with optional protocol prefix. Synonym for {@link #value() value}.
     */
    @AliasFor ( "value" )
    String name() default "" ;
   
    /**
     * Sets the <code>@Qualifier</code> value for the feign client.
     */
    String qualifier() default "" ;
 
    /**
     * An absolute URL or resolvable hostname (the protocol is optional).
     */
    String url() default "" ;
 
    /**
     * Whether 404s should be decoded instead of throwing FeignExceptions
     */
    boolean decode404() default false ;
 
    /**
     * A custom <code>@Configuration</code> for the feign client. Can contain override
     * <code>@Bean</code> definition for the pieces that make up the client, for instance
     * {@link feign.codec.Decoder}, {@link feign.codec.Encoder}, {@link feign.Contract}.
     *
     * @see FeignClientsConfiguration for the defaults
     */
    Class<?>[] configuration() default {};
 
    /**
     * Fallback class for the specified Feign client interface. The fallback class must
     * implement the interface annotated by this annotation and be a valid spring bean.
     */
    Class<?> fallback() default void . class ;
 
    /**
     * Define a fallback factory for the specified Feign client interface. The fallback
     * factory must produce instances of fallback classes that implement the interface
     * annotated by {@link FeignClient}. The fallback factory must be a valid spring
     * bean.
     *
     * @see feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory for details.
     */
    Class<?> fallbackFactory() default void . class ;
 
    /**
     * Path prefix to be used by all method-level mappings. Can be used with or without
     * <code>@RibbonClient</code>.
     */
    String path() default "" ;
 
    /**
     * Whether to mark the feign proxy as a primary bean. Defaults to true.
     */
    boolean primary() default true ;
 
}

@FeignClient 注解常用参数

怕以后又忘记,总结下目前项目中实际用到的 @FeignClient 注解中的参数,如下:

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@FeignClient (value = "annoroad-alpha" ,  url = "${annoroad.ms.annoroad-alpha.url}" )
public interface UserFacade {
     @PostMapping (value = "/user/detail" )
     UserDto detail( @RequestParam ( "id" ) long id);
}

value 。

  • value 等同于 name

url 。

  • 一般用于调试,可以手动指定 @FeignClient 调用的地址

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持我.

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Susan8888/article/details/95992172 。

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