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基于Spring概念模型:PathMatcher 路径匹配器

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源代码版本 : spring-webmvc-5.1.4.RELEASE 。

概述

PathMatcher是Spring的一个概念模型接口,该接口抽象建模了概念"路径匹配器",一个"路径匹配器"是一个用于路径匹配的工具。它的使用者是

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org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver
org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractUrlHandlerMapping
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.WebContentInterceptor

Spring框架自身对概念模型接口也提供了一个缺省的实现AntPathMatcher,用于匹配Ant风格的路径.

PathMatcher接口源代码

PathMatcher接口源代码如下

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package org.springframework.util;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Map;
public interface PathMatcher {
     /**
      * Does the given path represent a pattern that can be matched
      * by an implementation of this interface?
      * 判断指定的路径 path 是否是一个 pattern(模式)
      * 如果返回值是 false,也就是说 path 不是一个模式,而是一个静态路径(真正的路径字符串),
      * 那么就不用调用方法 #match 了,因为对于静态路径的匹配,直接使用字符串等号比较就足够了。
      * @param path the path String to check
      * @return true if the given path represents a pattern
      */
     boolean isPattern(String path);
     /**
      * Match the given path against the given pattern,
      * according to this PathMatcher's matching strategy.
      * 根据当前 PathMatcher 的匹配策略,检查指定的径 path 和指定的模式 pattern 是否匹配
      * @param 用于检测路径字符串是否匹配于某个模式时所用的模式
      * @param path 需要被检测的路径字符串
      * @return true 表示匹配, false 表示不匹配
      */
     boolean match(String pattern, String path);
     /**
      * Match the given  path against the corresponding part of the given
      * pattern, according to this PathMatcher's matching strategy.
      * 根据当前 PathMatcher 的匹配策略,检查指定的径 path 和指定的模式 pattern 是否之间
      * 是否为前缀匹配
      * @param pattern the pattern to match against
      * @param path the path String to test
      * @return true 表示匹配, false 表示不匹配
      */
     boolean matchStart(String pattern, String path);
     /**
      * Given a pattern and a full path, determine the pattern-mapped part.
      * 给定一个模式 pattern 和一个全路径 path,判断路径中和模式匹配的部分。
      *
      * This method is supposed to find out which part of the path is matched
      * dynamically through an actual pattern, that is, it strips off a statically
      * defined leading path from the given full path, returning only the actually
      * pattern-matched part of the path.
      * 该方法用于发现路径中的哪一部分是和模式能动态匹配上的部分。它会去除路径中开头静态部分,
      * 仅仅返回那部分真正和模式匹配的上的部分。
      * 例子 : "myroot/*.html" 为 pattern , "myroot/myfile.html" 为路径,
      *  则该方法返回 "myfile.html". 
      * 具体的检测规则根据当前 PathMatcher 的匹配策略来顶。
      * A simple implementation may return the given full path as-is in case
      * of an actual pattern, and the empty String in case of the pattern not
      * containing any dynamic parts (i.e. the pattern parameter being
      * a static path that wouldn't qualify as an actual #isPattern pattern.
      * A sophisticated implementation will differentiate between the static parts
      * and the dynamic parts of the given path pattern.
      * @param pattern the path pattern
      * @param path the full path to introspect
      * @return the pattern-mapped part of the given path
      * (never null)
      */
     String extractPathWithinPattern(String pattern, String path);
     /**
      * Given a pattern and a full path, extract the URI template variables. URI template
      * variables are expressed through curly brackets ('{' and '}').
      * 给定一个模式和一个路径,提取其中的 URI 模板变量信息。URI模板变量表达式格式为 "{variable}"
      *     
      * 例子 : pattern  为 "/hotels/{hotel}" ,路径为 "/hotels/1", 则该方法会返回一个 map ,
      * 内容为 : "hotel"->"1".
      * @param pattern the path pattern, possibly containing URI templates
      * @param path the full path to extract template variables from
      * @return a map, containing variable names as keys; variables values as values
      */
     Map<String, String> extractUriTemplateVariables(String pattern, String path);
     /**
      * Given a full path, returns a Comparator suitable for sorting patterns
      * in order of explicitness for that path.
      * The full algorithm used depends on the underlying implementation,
      * but generally, the returned Comparator will sort a list so that more
      * specific patterns come before generic patterns.
      * @param path the full path to use for comparison
      * @return a comparator capable of sorting patterns in order of explicitness
      */
     Comparator<String> getPatternComparator(String path);
     /**
      * Combines two patterns into a new pattern that is returned.
      * The full algorithm used for combining the two pattern depends on the underlying implementation.
      * 合并两个模式。具体合并的算法由实现类决定。
      * @param pattern1 the first pattern
      * @param pattern2 the second pattern
      * @return the combination of the two patterns
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException when the two patterns cannot be combined
      */
     String combine(String pattern1, String pattern2);
}

从接口代码来理解概念还是有些抽象,下面我们列举一些基于实现类AntPathMatcher的例子来增强理解 .

AntPathMatcher使用例子

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AntPathMatcher antPathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();
antPathMatcher.isPattern( "/user/001" ); // 返回 false
antPathMatcher.isPattern( "/user/*" ); // 返回 true
antPathMatcher.match( "/user/001" , "/user/001" ); // 返回 true
antPathMatcher.match( "/user/*" , "/user/001" ); // 返回 true
antPathMatcher.matchStart( "/user/*" , "/user/001" ); // 返回 true
antPathMatcher.matchStart( "/user/*" , "/user" ); // 返回 true
antPathMatcher.matchStart( "/user/*" , "/user001" ); // 返回 false
antPathMatcher.extractPathWithinPattern( "uc/profile*" , "uc/profile.html" ); // 返回 profile.html
antPathMatcher.combine( "uc/*.html" , "uc/profile.html" ); // uc/profile.html

spring的路径匹配工具 AntPathMatcher

包路径:

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org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher

工具:

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AntPathMatcher antPathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();

以下代码为本人使用过的路径匹配工具代码

方便以后项目中使用参考:

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//不需要鉴权的接口
     private Boolean excludePathFilter(String path) {
         PathProperties pathProperties = (PathProperties) PathProperties.applicationContext.getBean( "pathProperties" );
         List<String> excludePathPatterns = pathProperties.getExcludePathPatterns();
         if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(excludePathPatterns)){
             return false ;
         }
         return excludePathPatterns.stream().anyMatch(pattern -> antPathMatcher.match(pattern, path));
     }

核心代码是这一行

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excludePathPatterns.stream().anyMatch(pattern -> antPathMatcher.match(pattern, path))

获取到需要排除鉴权接口列表的接口,然后通过 AntPathMatcher 的 match 方法去匹配路径,不需要做鉴权的接口就会被匹配到,然后继续执行非鉴权的业务流程.

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持我.

原文链接:https://andyboke.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88884286 。

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