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基于HttpClient上传文件中文名乱码的解决

转载 作者：qq735679552 更新时间：2022-09-29 22:32:09 27 4
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这篇CFSDN的博客文章基于HttpClient上传文件中文名乱码的解决由作者收集整理，如果你对这篇文章有兴趣，记得点赞哟.

现象

使用HttpClient工具上传文件时，如果文件名是中文，文件名会乱码 。

文件名乱码的代码：

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private HttpEntity buildEntity(Long scenarioId, List<String> groupIds, String extension,File fileToUpload) {
          MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
          builder.addTextBody( "scenarioId" , scenarioId.toString());
          for (String groupId : groupIds) {
              builder.addTextBody( "groupIds" , groupId);
          }
          builder.addTextBody( "extension" , extension);
          builder.addPart( "fileToUpload" , new FileBody(fileToUpload));
          builder.addTextBody( "type" , AssetFileTypeEnum.CSV.getName());
          builder.addTextBody( "isSplit" , "false" );
          builder.addTextBody( "isRefresh" , "false" );
          return builder.build();

乱码原因:

HttpClient上传文件时，会调用doWriteTo方法，写一个输出流，但是在调用formatMultipartHeader方法时，底层主要有3种不同的实现，3种方式的采用的字符集不一样 。

HttpClient中的doWriteTo方法:

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void doWriteTo(
       final OutputStream out,
       final boolean writeContent) throws IOException {
       final ByteArrayBuffer boundaryEncoded = encode( this .charset, this .boundary);
       for ( final FormBodyPart part: getBodyParts()) {
           writeBytes(TWO_DASHES, out);
           writeBytes(boundaryEncoded, out);
           writeBytes(CR_LF, out);
           //此处代码主要有3种不同的实现,不同的mode,实现方式不一样，采用的字符集也不同
           formatMultipartHeader(part, out);
           writeBytes(CR_LF, out);
           if (writeContent) {
               part.getBody().writeTo(out);
           }
           writeBytes(CR_LF, out);
       }
       writeBytes(TWO_DASHES, out);
       writeBytes(boundaryEncoded, out);
       writeBytes(TWO_DASHES, out);
       writeBytes(CR_LF, out);
   }

其中的formatMultipartHeader方法，不同的模式有不同的实现方式 。

MultipartEntityBuilder

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MultipartFormEntity buildEntity() {
     String boundaryCopy = boundary;
     if (boundaryCopy == null && contentType != null ) {
         boundaryCopy = contentType.getParameter( "boundary" );
     }
     if (boundaryCopy == null ) {
         boundaryCopy = generateBoundary();
     }
     Charset charsetCopy = charset;
     if (charsetCopy == null && contentType != null ) {
         charsetCopy = contentType.getCharset();
     }
     final List<NameValuePair> paramsList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>( 2 );
     paramsList.add( new BasicNameValuePair( "boundary" , boundaryCopy));
     if (charsetCopy != null ) {
         paramsList.add( new BasicNameValuePair( "charset" , charsetCopy.name()));
     }
     final NameValuePair[] params = paramsList.toArray( new NameValuePair[paramsList.size()]);
     final ContentType contentTypeCopy = contentType != null ?
             contentType.withParameters(params) :
             ContentType.create( "multipart/" + DEFAULT_SUBTYPE, params);
     final List<FormBodyPart> bodyPartsCopy = bodyParts != null ? new ArrayList<FormBodyPart>(bodyParts) :
             Collections.<FormBodyPart>emptyList();
     //此处将mode赋值给modeCopy
     final HttpMultipartMode modeCopy = mode != null ? mode : HttpMultipartMode.STRICT;
     final AbstractMultipartForm form;
     //此处根据modeCopy的值不同，构造3种form，每种的字符集都不一样，也是产生乱码的根源
     switch (modeCopy) {
         case BROWSER_COMPATIBLE:
             form = new HttpBrowserCompatibleMultipart(charsetCopy, boundaryCopy, bodyPartsCopy);
             break ;
         case RFC6532:
             form = new HttpRFC6532Multipart(charsetCopy, boundaryCopy, bodyPartsCopy);
             break ;
         default :
             form = new HttpStrictMultipart(charsetCopy, boundaryCopy, bodyPartsCopy);
     }
     return new MultipartFormEntity(form, contentTypeCopy, form.getTotalLength());
}
public HttpEntity build() {
     return buildEntity();
}

BROWSER_COMPATIBLE模式中的formatMultipartHeader方法

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class HttpBrowserCompatibleMultipart extends AbstractMultipartForm {
     private final List<FormBodyPart> parts;
     public HttpBrowserCompatibleMultipart(
             final Charset charset,
             final String boundary,
             final List<FormBodyPart> parts) {
         super (charset, boundary);
         this .parts = parts;
     }
     @Override
     public List<FormBodyPart> getBodyParts() {
         return this .parts;
     }
     /**
       * Write the multipart header fields; depends on the style.
       */
     @Override
     protected void formatMultipartHeader(
             final FormBodyPart part,
             final OutputStream out) throws IOException {
         // For browser-compatible, only write Content-Disposition
         // Use content charset
         final Header header = part.getHeader();
         final MinimalField cd = header.getField(MIME.CONTENT_DISPOSITION);
         //可以看到此处的字符集采用的是设置的字符集
         writeField(cd, this .charset, out);
         final String filename = part.getBody().getFilename();
         if (filename != null ) {
             final MinimalField ct = header.getField(MIME.CONTENT_TYPE);
             //可以看到此处的字符集采用的也是设置的字符集
             writeField(ct, this .charset, out);
         }
     }
}

RFC6532模式中的formatMultipartHeader方法

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class HttpRFC6532Multipart extends AbstractMultipartForm {
     private final List<FormBodyPart> parts;
     public HttpRFC6532Multipart(
             final Charset charset,
             final String boundary,
             final List<FormBodyPart> parts) {
         super (charset, boundary);
         this .parts = parts;
     }
     @Override
     public List<FormBodyPart> getBodyParts() {
         return this .parts;
     }
     @Override
     protected void formatMultipartHeader(
         final FormBodyPart part,
         final OutputStream out) throws IOException {
         // For RFC6532, we output all fields with UTF-8 encoding.
         final Header header = part.getHeader();
         for ( final MinimalField field: header) {
             //可以看到此处的字符集默认采用UTF8
             writeField(field, MIME.UTF8_CHARSET, out);
         }
     }
}

默认模式中的formatMultipartHeader方法

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class HttpStrictMultipart extends AbstractMultipartForm {
     private final List<FormBodyPart> parts;
     public HttpStrictMultipart(
             final Charset charset,
             final String boundary,
             final List<FormBodyPart> parts) {
         super (charset, boundary);
         this .parts = parts;
     }
     @Override
     public List<FormBodyPart> getBodyParts() {
         return this .parts;
     }
     @Override
     protected void formatMultipartHeader(
         final FormBodyPart part,
         final OutputStream out) throws IOException {
         // For strict, we output all fields with MIME-standard encoding.
         //从上面注释中可以看到，此处的字符集采用的是默认字符集即ASCII（下面MIME类中可以看到）
         final Header header = part.getHeader();
         for ( final MinimalField field: header) {
             writeField(field, out);
         }
     }
}

MIME类

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public final class MIME {
     public static final String CONTENT_TYPE          = "Content-Type" ;
     public static final String CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENC  = "Content-Transfer-Encoding" ;
     public static final String CONTENT_DISPOSITION   = "Content-Disposition" ;
     public static final String ENC_8BIT              = "8bit" ;
     public static final String ENC_BINARY            = "binary" ;
     /** The default character set to be used, i.e. "US-ASCII" */
     public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET      = Consts.ASCII;
     /** UTF-8 is used for RFC6532 */
     public static final Charset UTF8_CHARSET         = Consts.UTF_8;
}

解决方法

知道乱码产生的根源，乱码问题也就好解决了，解决方式有两种 。

设置mode为：BROWSER_COMPATIBLE，并设置字符集为UTF8

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private HttpEntity buildEntity(Long scenarioId, List<String> groupIds, String extension,
                                    File fileToUpload) {
         MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
         //设置模式为BROWSER_COMPATIBLE，并设置字符集为UTF8
         builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
         builder.setCharset(Charset.forName( "UTF-8" ));
         builder.addTextBody( "scenarioId" , scenarioId.toString());
         for (String groupId : groupIds) {
             builder.addTextBody( "groupIds" , groupId);
         }
         builder.addTextBody( "extension" , extension);
         builder.addPart( "fileToUpload" , new FileBody(fileToUpload));
         builder.addTextBody( "type" , AssetFileTypeEnum.CSV.getName());
         builder.addTextBody( "isSplit" , "false" );
         builder.addTextBody( "isRefresh" , "false" );
         return builder.build();
     }

设置模式为：RFC6532

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private HttpEntity buildEntity(Long scenarioId, List<String> groupIds, String extension,
                                File fileToUpload) {
     MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
     //设置模式为RFC6532
     builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532);
     builder.addTextBody( "scenarioId" , scenarioId.toString());
     for (String groupId : groupIds) {
         builder.addTextBody( "groupIds" , groupId);
     }
     builder.addTextBody( "extension" , extension);
     builder.addPart( "fileToUpload" , new FileBody(fileToUpload));
     builder.addTextBody( "type" , AssetFileTypeEnum.CSV.getName());
     builder.addTextBody( "isSplit" , "false" );
     builder.addTextBody( "isRefresh" , "false" );
     return builder.build();
}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我.

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/youshounianhua123/article/details/81100778 。

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