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Android自定义控件之圆形/圆角的实现代码

转载 作者:qq735679552 更新时间:2022-09-28 22:32:09 26 4
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1、问题在哪里?

问题来源于app开发中一个很常见的场景——用户头像要展示成圆的:

Android自定义控件之圆形/圆角的实现代码

 2、怎么搞?

机智的我,第一想法就是,切一张中间圆形透明、四周与底色相同、尺寸与头像相同的蒙板图片,盖在头像上不就完事了嘛,哈哈哈! 。

在背景纯色的前提下,这的确能简单解决问题,但是如果背景没有这么简单呢?

Android自定义控件之圆形/圆角的实现代码

在这种不规则背景下,有两个问题:

1)、背景图常常是适应手机宽度缩放,而头像的尺寸又是固定宽高dp的,所以固定的蒙板图片是没法保证在不同机型上都和背景图案吻合的.

2)、在这种非纯色背景下,哪天想调整一下头像位置就得重新换图片蒙板,实在是太难维护了…… 。

所以呢,既然头像图片肯定是方的,那就就让imageview圆起来吧.

3、开始干活 。

基本思路是,自定义一个imageview,通过重写ondraw方法画出一个圆形的图片来:

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public class imageviewplus extends imageview{
  private paint mpaintbitmap = new paint(paint.anti_alias_flag);
  private bitmap mrawbitmap;
  private bitmapshader mshader;
  private matrix mmatrix = new matrix();
 
  public imageviewplus(context context, attributeset attrs) {
  super (context, attrs);
  }
 
  @override
  protected void ondraw(canvas canvas) {
  bitmap rawbitmap = getbitmap(getdrawable());
  if (rawbitmap != null ){
   int viewwidth = getwidth();
   int viewheight = getheight();
   int viewminsize = math.min(viewwidth, viewheight);
   float dstwidth = viewminsize;
   float dstheight = viewminsize;
   if (mshader == null || !rawbitmap.equals(mrawbitmap)){
   mrawbitmap = rawbitmap;
   mshader = new bitmapshader(mrawbitmap, tilemode.clamp, tilemode.clamp);
   }
   if (mshader != null ){
   mmatrix.setscale(dstwidth / rawbitmap.getwidth(), dstheight / rawbitmap.getheight());
   mshader.setlocalmatrix(mmatrix);
   }
   mpaintbitmap.setshader(mshader);
   float radius = viewminsize / 2 .0f;
   canvas.drawcircle(radius, radius, radius, mpaintbitmap);
  } else {
   super .ondraw(canvas);
  }
  }
 
  private bitmap getbitmap(drawable drawable){
  if (drawable instanceof bitmapdrawable){
   return ((bitmapdrawable)drawable).getbitmap();
  } else if (drawable instanceof colordrawable){
   rect rect = drawable.getbounds();
   int width = rect.right - rect.left;
   int height = rect.bottom - rect.top;
   int color = ((colordrawable)drawable).getcolor();
   bitmap bitmap = bitmap.createbitmap(width, height, bitmap.config.argb_8888);
   canvas canvas = new canvas(bitmap);
   canvas.drawargb(color.alpha(color), color.red(color), color.green(color), color.blue(color));
   return bitmap;
  } else {
   return null ;
  }
  }
}

分析一下代码:

 canvas.drawcircle 决定了画出来的形状是圆形,而圆形的内容则是通过 mpaintbitmap.setshader 搞定的.

其中,bitmapshader需要设置bitmap填充imageview的方式(clamp:拉伸边缘, mirror:镜像, repeat:整图重复).

这里其实设成什么不重要,因为我们实际需要的是将bitmap按比例缩放成跟imageview一样大,而不是预置的三种效果.

所以,别忘了 mmatrix.setscale 和 mshader.setlocalmatrix 一起用,将图片缩放一下.

4、更多玩法 —— 支持边框 。

看下面的效果图,如果想给圆形的头像上加一个边框,该怎么搞呢?

Android自定义控件之圆形/圆角的实现代码

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public class imageviewplus extends imageview{
  private paint mpaintbitmap = new paint(paint.anti_alias_flag);
  private paint mpaintborder = new paint(paint.anti_alias_flag);
  private bitmap mrawbitmap;
  private bitmapshader mshader;
  private matrix mmatrix = new matrix();
  private float mborderwidth = dip2px( 15 );
  private int mbordercolor = 0xff0080ff ;
 
  public imageviewplus(context context, attributeset attrs) {
  super (context, attrs);
  }
 
  @override
  protected void ondraw(canvas canvas) {
  bitmap rawbitmap = getbitmap(getdrawable());
  if (rawbitmap != null ){
   int viewwidth = getwidth();
   int viewheight = getheight();
   int viewminsize = math.min(viewwidth, viewheight);
   float dstwidth = viewminsize;
   float dstheight = viewminsize;
   if (mshader == null || !rawbitmap.equals(mrawbitmap)){
   mrawbitmap = rawbitmap;
   mshader = new bitmapshader(mrawbitmap, tilemode.clamp, tilemode.clamp);
   }
   if (mshader != null ){
   mmatrix.setscale((dstwidth - mborderwidth * 2 ) / rawbitmap.getwidth(), (dstheight - mborderwidth * 2 ) / rawbitmap.getheight());
   mshader.setlocalmatrix(mmatrix);
   }
   mpaintbitmap.setshader(mshader);
   mpaintborder.setstyle(paint.style.stroke);
   mpaintborder.setstrokewidth(mborderwidth);
   mpaintborder.setcolor(mbordercolor);
   float radius = viewminsize / 2 .0f;
   canvas.drawcircle(radius, radius, radius - mborderwidth / 2 .0f, mpaintborder);
   canvas.translate(mborderwidth, mborderwidth);
   canvas.drawcircle(radius - mborderwidth, radius - mborderwidth, radius - mborderwidth, mpaintbitmap);
  } else {
   super .ondraw(canvas);
  }
  }
 
  private bitmap getbitmap(drawable drawable){
  if (drawable instanceof bitmapdrawable){
   return ((bitmapdrawable)drawable).getbitmap();
  } else if (drawable instanceof colordrawable){
   rect rect = drawable.getbounds();
   int width = rect.right - rect.left;
   int height = rect.bottom - rect.top;
   int color = ((colordrawable)drawable).getcolor();
   bitmap bitmap = bitmap.createbitmap(width, height, bitmap.config.argb_8888);
   canvas canvas = new canvas(bitmap);
   canvas.drawargb(color.alpha(color), color.red(color), color.green(color), color.blue(color));
   return bitmap;
  } else {
   return null ;
  }
  }
 
  private int dip2px( int dipval)
  {
  float scale = getresources().getdisplaymetrics().density;
  return ( int )(dipval * scale + 0 .5f);
  }
}

看代码中,加边框实际上就是用实心纯色的 paint 画了一个圆边,在此基础上画上原来的头像即可.

需要的注意的地方有三个:

1)、圆框的半径不是 radius ,而应该是 radius - mborderwidth / 2.0f 。想象着拿着笔去画线,线其实是画在右图中白色圈的位置,只不过它很粗.

2)、在imageview大小不变的基础上,头像的实际大小要比没有边框的时候小了,所以 mmatrix.setscale 的时候要把边框的宽度去掉.

3)、画头像bitmap的时候不能直接 canvas.drawcircle(radius, radius, radius - mborderwidth, mpaintbitmap) ,这样你会发现头像的右侧和下方边缘被拉伸了(右图) 。

     为什么呢?因为 paint 默认是以左上角为基准开始绘制的,此时头像的实际区域是右图中的红框,而超过红框的部分(圆形的右侧和下方),自然被 tilemode.clamp效果沿边缘拉伸了.

     所以,需要通过挪动坐标系的位置和调整圆心,才能把头像画在正确的区域(右图绿框)中.

5、更多玩法 —— 支持xml配置 。

既然有了边框,那如果想配置边框的宽度和颜色该如何是好呢?

基本上两个思路:

1)给imageviewplus加上set接口,设置完成之后通过 invalidate(); 重绘一下即可; 。

2)在xml里就支持配置一些自定义属性,这样用起来会方便很多.

这里重点说一下支持xml配置自定义属性.

自定义控件要支持xml配置自定义属性的话,首先需要在 \res\values 里去定义属性:

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<resources>
  <attr name= "bordercolor" format= "color" />
  <attr name= "borderwidth" format= "dimension" />
 
  <declare-styleable name= "imageviewplus" >
  <attr name= "bordercolor" />
  <attr name= "borderwidth" />
  </declare-styleable>
</resources>

view attrs_imageviewplus.xml  然后在imageviewplus的构造函数中去读取这些自定义属性:

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private static final int default_border_color = color.transparent;
  private static final int default_border_width = 0 ;
 
  public imageviewplus(context context, attributeset attrs) {
  super (context, attrs);
  //取xml文件中设定的参数
  typedarray ta = context.obtainstyledattributes(attrs, r.styleable.imageviewplus);
  mbordercolor = ta.getcolor(r.styleable.imageviewplus_bordercolor, default_border_color);
  mborderwidth = ta.getdimensionpixelsize(r.styleable.imageviewplus_borderwidth, dip2px(default_border_width));
  ta.recycle();
  }

 在xml布局中使用自定义属性:

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<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  xmlns:snser= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/cc.snser.imageviewplus"
  android:layout_width= "match_parent"
  android:layout_height= "match_parent"
  android:background= "@drawable/wallpaper"
  android:orientation= "vertical"
  tools:context= "${relativepackage}.${activityclass}" >
 
  <cc.snser.imageviewplus.imageviewplus
  android:id= "@+id/imgplus"
  android:layout_width= "200dp"
  android:layout_height= "300dp"
  android:layout_marginbottom= "50dp"
  android:layout_centerhorizontal= "true"
  android:layout_alignparentbottom= "true"
  android:src= "@drawable/img_square"
  snser:bordercolor= "#ff0080ff"
  snser:borderwidth= "15dp" />
 
</relativelayout>

6、更多玩法 —— 圆角imageview 。

搞定了圆形imageview以及对应的边框,那如何实现下面这种圆角的imageview呢?

  。

其实原理上一样,把 canvas.drawcircle 对应改成 canvas.drawroundrect 就ok了,直接贴代码吧:

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public class imageviewplus extends imageview{
  /**
  * android.widget.imageview
  */
  public static final int type_none = 0 ;
  /**
  * 圆形
  */
  public static final int type_circle = 1 ;
  /**
  * 圆角矩形
  */
  public static final int type_rounded_rect = 2 ;
 
  private static final int default_type = type_none;
  private static final int default_border_color = color.transparent;
  private static final int default_border_width = 0 ;
  private static final int default_rect_round_radius = 0 ;
 
  private int mtype;
  private int mbordercolor;
  private int mborderwidth;
  private int mrectroundradius;
 
  private paint mpaintbitmap = new paint(paint.anti_alias_flag);
  private paint mpaintborder = new paint(paint.anti_alias_flag);
 
  private rectf mrectborder = new rectf();
  private rectf mrectbitmap = new rectf();
 
  private bitmap mrawbitmap;
  private bitmapshader mshader;
  private matrix mmatrix = new matrix();
 
  public imageviewplus(context context, attributeset attrs) {
  super (context, attrs);
  //取xml文件中设定的参数
  typedarray ta = context.obtainstyledattributes(attrs, r.styleable.imageviewplus);
  mtype = ta.getint(r.styleable.imageviewplus_type, default_type);
  mbordercolor = ta.getcolor(r.styleable.imageviewplus_bordercolor, default_border_color);
  mborderwidth = ta.getdimensionpixelsize(r.styleable.imageviewplus_borderwidth, dip2px(default_border_width));
  mrectroundradius = ta.getdimensionpixelsize(r.styleable.imageviewplus_rectroundradius, dip2px(default_rect_round_radius));
  ta.recycle();
  }
 
  @override
  protected void ondraw(canvas canvas) {
  bitmap rawbitmap = getbitmap(getdrawable());
 
  if (rawbitmap != null && mtype != type_none){
   int viewwidth = getwidth();
   int viewheight = getheight();
   int viewminsize = math.min(viewwidth, viewheight);
   float dstwidth = mtype == type_circle ? viewminsize : viewwidth;
   float dstheight = mtype == type_circle ? viewminsize : viewheight;
   float halfborderwidth = mborderwidth / 2 .0f;
   float doubleborderwidth = mborderwidth * 2 ;
  
   if (mshader == null || !rawbitmap.equals(mrawbitmap)){
   mrawbitmap = rawbitmap;
   mshader = new bitmapshader(mrawbitmap, tilemode.clamp, tilemode.clamp);
   }
   if (mshader != null ){
   mmatrix.setscale((dstwidth - doubleborderwidth) / rawbitmap.getwidth(), (dstheight - doubleborderwidth) / rawbitmap.getheight());
   mshader.setlocalmatrix(mmatrix);
   }
  
   mpaintbitmap.setshader(mshader);
   mpaintborder.setstyle(paint.style.stroke);
   mpaintborder.setstrokewidth(mborderwidth);
   mpaintborder.setcolor(mborderwidth > 0 ? mbordercolor : color.transparent);
  
   if (mtype == type_circle){
   float radius = viewminsize / 2 .0f;
   canvas.drawcircle(radius, radius, radius - halfborderwidth, mpaintborder);
   canvas.translate(mborderwidth, mborderwidth);
   canvas.drawcircle(radius - mborderwidth, radius - mborderwidth, radius - mborderwidth, mpaintbitmap);
   } else if (mtype == type_rounded_rect){
   mrectborder.set(halfborderwidth, halfborderwidth, dstwidth - halfborderwidth, dstheight - halfborderwidth);
   mrectbitmap.set( 0 .0f, 0 .0f, dstwidth - doubleborderwidth, dstheight - doubleborderwidth);
   float borderradius = mrectroundradius - halfborderwidth > 0 .0f ? mrectroundradius - halfborderwidth : 0 .0f;
   float bitmapradius = mrectroundradius - mborderwidth > 0 .0f ? mrectroundradius - mborderwidth : 0 .0f;
   canvas.drawroundrect(mrectborder, borderradius, borderradius, mpaintborder);
   canvas.translate(mborderwidth, mborderwidth);
   canvas.drawroundrect(mrectbitmap, bitmapradius, bitmapradius, mpaintbitmap);
   }
  } else {
   super .ondraw(canvas);
  }
  }
 
  private int dip2px( int dipval)
  {
  float scale = getresources().getdisplaymetrics().density;
  return ( int )(dipval * scale + 0 .5f);
  }
 
  private bitmap getbitmap(drawable drawable){
  if (drawable instanceof bitmapdrawable){
   return ((bitmapdrawable)drawable).getbitmap();
  } else if (drawable instanceof colordrawable){
   rect rect = drawable.getbounds();
   int width = rect.right - rect.left;
   int height = rect.bottom - rect.top;
   int color = ((colordrawable)drawable).getcolor();
   bitmap bitmap = bitmap.createbitmap(width, height, bitmap.config.argb_8888);
   canvas canvas = new canvas(bitmap);
   canvas.drawargb(color.alpha(color), color.red(color), color.green(color), color.blue(color));
   return bitmap;
  } else {
   return null ;
  }
  }
}

view imageviewplus.java  。

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<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  xmlns:snser= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/cc.snser.imageviewplus"
  android:layout_width= "match_parent"
  android:layout_height= "match_parent"
  android:background= "@drawable/wallpaper"
  android:orientation= "vertical"
  tools:context= "${relativepackage}.${activityclass}" >
 
  <cc.snser.imageviewplus.imageviewplus
  android:id= "@+id/imgplus"
  android:layout_width= "200dp"
  android:layout_height= "300dp"
  android:layout_marginbottom= "50dp"
  android:layout_centerhorizontal= "true"
  android:layout_alignparentbottom= "true"
  android:src= "@drawable/img_rectangle"
  snser:type= "rounded_rect"
  snser:bordercolor= "#ff0080ff"
  snser:borderwidth= "10dp"
  snser:rectroundradius= "30dp" />
 
</relativelayout>
 
view layout
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<resources>
  <attr name= "type" >
  < enum name= "none" value= "0" />
  < enum name= "circle" value= "1" />
  < enum name= "rounded_rect" value= "2" />
  </attr>
  <attr name= "bordercolor" format= "color" />
  <attr name= "borderwidth" format= "dimension" />
  <attr name= "rectroundradius" format= "dimension" />
 
  <declare-styleable name= "imageviewplus" >
  <attr name= "type" />
  <attr name= "bordercolor" />
  <attr name= "borderwidth" />
  <attr name= "rectroundradius" />
  </declare-styleable>
</resources>
 
view attrs_imageviewplus.xml

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家学习android软件编程有所帮助.

最后此篇关于Android自定义控件之圆形/圆角的实现代码的文章就讲到这里了,如果你想了解更多关于Android自定义控件之圆形/圆角的实现代码的内容请搜索CFSDN的文章或继续浏览相关文章,希望大家以后支持我的博客! 。

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