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Django实现学员管理系统

转载 作者：qq735679552 更新时间：2022-09-28 22:32:09 27 4
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本文实例为大家分享了Django实现学员管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下 。

要求：实现数据的增删改查功能，并同步至数据库中。此项目实现了前端以及后端的结合.

（1） 先在settings里配置static（存放的是css样式、js代码、以及imgs），可以加在文件末尾 。

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STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
  os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static' )
]

（2） 首先，新建一个django项目，在项目下的urls.py文件里，配置跳转路由，跳转到首页 。

urls.py 。

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from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
 
urlpatterns = [
  url(r '^admin/' , admin.site.urls),
  url(r '^student/' , include( 'student.urls' ))
]

（3） 通过python manage.py startapp student命令创建一个student的app（不要忘记在settings中配置一下），并在models.py下执行mysql操作，在这里我们就直接在数据库里手动创建表，不再使用sql语句创建表了 。

models.py 。

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import pymysql
# Create your models here.
 
# 管理数据库
class DBManager( object ):
 
  @classmethod
  def open_sql( cls ):
   conn = pymysql.connect(
    host = '127.0.0.1' ,
    port = 3306 ,
    db = 'students' ,
    user = 'root' ,
    password = '123456' ,
    use_unicode = True ,
    charset = 'utf8'
   )
   DBManager.conn = conn
   DBManager.cursor = conn.cursor()
 
  @classmethod
  def close_sql( cls ):
   DBManager.conn.commit()
   DBManager.cursor.close()
   DBManager.conn.close()
 
# 数据模型类
class StudnetModel( object ):
 
  def __init__( self , s_id, s_name, s_phone):
   self .s_id = s_id
   self .s_name = s_name
   self .s_phone = s_phone
   self .table = 'students'
 
  def save( self ):
   """
   保存数据模型到数据库
   :return: False 表示数据已存在 True表示保存数据成功
   """
   DBManager.open_sql()
   # 如果s_id已存在，说明学号已存在
   sql = f 'SELECT * FROM students WHERE s_id={self.s_id}'
   if DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) > 0 :
    # 数据已存在，插入失败
    return False
   else :
    # 插入数据
    sql = 'INSERT INTO students(s_id,s_name,s_phone)VALUES(%s,%s,%s)'
    DBManager.cursor.execute(sql,( self .s_id, self .s_name, self .s_phone))
    DBManager.close_sql()
    return True
 
  @classmethod
  def delete( cls , s_id):
   """
   根据s_id删除数据
   :param s_id: 要删除数据的id
   :return: False表示该数据不存在 True删除成功
   """
   DBManager.open_sql()
 
   # 删除的sql语句
   sql = f 'DELETE FROM students WHERE s_id={s_id}'
   DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)
 
   # rowcount 执行sql语句 影响的数据条数
   if DBManager.cursor.rowcount > 0 :
    DBManager.close_sql()
 
    return True
   else :
    return False
 
  @classmethod
  def object_with_id( cls , s_id):
 
   DBManager.open_sql()
   sql = f 'SELECT * FROM students WHERE s_id={s_id}'
   DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)
   # 取出拿到的数据
   result = DBManager.cursor.fetchone()
   DBManager.close_sql()
   if result:
    # 返回StudentModel对象
    return cls (result[ 0 ], result[ 1 ], result[ 2 ], )
 
  def modify( self ):
 
   DBManager.open_sql()
 
   sql = f "UPDATE students SET s_name='{self.s_name}' , s_phone='{self.s_phone}' WHERE s_id={self.s_id}"
 
   DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)
   if DBManager.cursor.rowcount > 0 :
    DBManager.close_sql()
    return True
   else :
    return False
 
  @classmethod
  def objects( cls ):
   # 只要调用该函数，返回数据库中所有的数据
   DBManager.open_sql()
   sql = 'SELECT * FROM students'
   DBManager.cursor.execute(sql)
   # 取出查询的所有数据,results是一个大元组
   results = DBManager.cursor.fetchall()
   # 将results中每一个小元组转换为StudentModel对象
   students = map ( lambda t: cls (t[ 0 ], t[ 1 ], t[ 2 ]), results)
   # 关闭数据库
   DBManager.close_sql()
 
   return students
 
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
 
  StudnetModel.objects()

（4） 接下来在自己新建的app下，再手动创建一个urls.py文件，用来配置具体路由，并在views.py文件里实现视图函数（存放具体的增删改查功能的函数） 。

student/urls.py 。

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from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import *
 
urlpatterns = [
  url(r '^$' , student_index, name = 'stu_index' ),
  url(r '^modify/(?P<s_id>\d+)/$' , student_modify, name = 'modify' ),
  url(r '^addstu/$' , student_add, name = 'addstu' ),
  url(r '^delstu/(?P<s_id>\d+)/$' , student_del, name = 'delstu' ),
]

student/views.py 。

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from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.http import HttpResponse
 
from .models import StudnetModel
# Create your views here.
 
def student_index(reqeust):
 
  # 取出数据库中所有的数据
  students = StudnetModel.objects()
 
  return render(reqeust, 'index.html' , { 'students' : students})
 
 
def student_add(request):
 
  if request.method = = 'POST' :
 
   # 取出数据
   s_id = request.POST.get( 'id' , None )
   s_name = request.POST.get( 'name' , None )
   s_phone = request.POST.get( 'phone' , None )
 
   if s_id and s_name and s_phone:
    try :
     int (s_id)
    except Exception as e:
     return HttpResponse( 'id必须是纯数字！' )
    # 创建数据模型对象
    stu = StudnetModel(s_id, s_name, s_phone)
    # 保存数据
    if stu.save():
     # 重定向到首页
     return redirect( '/student' )
    else :
     # 返回提示信息
     return HttpResponse( '该学号已存在！' )
   else :
    return HttpResponse( '添加信息不能为空！' )
  else :
   # 其他访问方式，重定向到主页
   return redirect( '/student' )
 
 
def student_del(request, s_id):
 
  if request.method = = 'GET' :
   # MTV设计模式
   # 根据id判断是否存在
 
   if StudnetModel.delete(s_id):
    # 删除成功
    return redirect( '/student' )
   else :
    # 删除数据不存在
    return HttpResponse( '要删除的数据不存在！' )
 
 
def student_modify(request, s_id):
 
  if request.method = = 'GET' :
 
   # 根据s_id 查询这个id对应的信息
   stu = StudnetModel.object_with_id(s_id)
   if stu:
    return render(request, 'modify.html' , { 'stu' : stu})
   else :
 
    return HttpResponse( '要修改的学员id不存在！！' )
  elif request.method = = 'POST' :
 
   # 取出修改后的参数
   s_name = request.POST.get( 'name' )
   s_phone = request.POST.get( 'phone' )
   stu = StudnetModel(s_id, s_name, s_phone)
   if stu.modify():
 
    return redirect( '/student' )
   else :
 
    return HttpResponse( '修改失败，请稍后重试！' )

（5） 最后就是在html代码中实现路由跳转，实现功能 。

首页html，index.html 。

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{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "zh-CN" >
 
< head >
  < meta charset = "utf-8" >
  < meta http-equiv = "X-UA-Compatible" content = "IE=edge" >
  < meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no" >
  < meta name = "author" content = "bais" >
  < title ></ title >
  < link href = "{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel = "stylesheet" >
  < style >
   .navbar {
    border-radius: 0px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
   }
  
   .titleContent {
    background-color: #eeeeee;
   }
  
   .mToolbar {
    padding-top: 10px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
   }
  
   .container-fluid {
    padding-left: 8vw;
   }
  
   @media (max-width:768px) {
    .container-fluid {
     padding-left: 15px;
    }
   }
 
   .form-horizontal .control-label{
    text-align: left;
   }
  </ style >
</ head >
 
< body >
 
  <!--
   导航
  -->
  < nav class = "navbar navbar-inverse" role = "navigation" >
   < div class = "container-fluid" >
    < div class = "navbar-header" >
     < button type = "button" class = "navbar-toggle" data-toggle = "collapse" data-target = "#example-navbar-collapse" >
    < span class = "sr-only" >切换导航</ span >
    < span class = "icon-bar" ></ span >
    < span class = "icon-bar" ></ span >
    < span class = "icon-bar" ></ span >
   </ button >
     < a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >学员管理系统</ a >
    </ div >
    < div class = "collapse navbar-collapse" id = "example-navbar-collapse" >
     < ul class = "nav navbar-nav" >
      < li class = "" >< a href = "#" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >首页</ a ></ li >
      < li class = "active" >< a href = "#" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >学员</ a ></ li >
 
     </ ul >
 
     < ul class = "nav navbar-nav navbar-right" >
      < li >
       < a href = "#" ></ span > XXX< b class = "caret" ></ b ></ a >
      </ li >
      < li >
       < a href = "#" ></ span > 退出</ a >
      </ li >
     </ ul >
 
    </ div >
   </ div >
  </ nav >
  <!--
   标题
  -->
  < div class = "container-fluid titleContent" >
   < h1 >学员查询及管理</ h1 >
  </ div >
  <!--
   工具栏部分 按钮
  -->
  < div class = "container-fluid mToolbar" >
   < button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success" data-toggle = "modal" data-target = "#myModal" >添加</ button >
 
  </ div >
 
  <!--
   模态框：搜索按钮绑定的模态框
  -->
  < div class = "modal fade" id = "myModal" tabindex = "-1" role = "dialog" aria-labelledby = "myModalLabel" aria-hidden = "true" >
   < div class = "modal-dialog" >
    < div class = "modal-content" >
     < div class = "modal-header" >
      < button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "modal" aria-hidden = "true" >&times;</ button >
      < h4 class = "modal-title" id = "myModalLabel" >搜索条件</ h4 >
     </ div >
     < div class = "modal-body" >
      <!--
       添加模态框中的表单
      -->
 
      < form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form" action = "{% url 'addstu' %}" method = "post" >
       < div class = "form-group" >
        < label for = "firstname" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" >姓名</ label >
        < div class = "col-sm-4" >
         < input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "firstname" name = "name" placeholder = "学员姓名" >
        </ div >
       </ div >
       < div class = "form-group" >
        < label for = "lastname" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" >学号</ label >
        < div class = "col-sm-4" >
         < input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "lastname" name = "id" placeholder = "学员学号" >
        </ div >
       </ div >
       {% csrf_token %}
       < div class = "form-group" >
        < label for = "lastname" class = "col-sm-2 control-label" >电话</ label >
        < div class = "col-sm-7" >
         < input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "lastname" name = "phone" placeholder = "电话号码" >
        </ div >
       </ div >
 
       < div class = "modal-footer" >
      < button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-success" >提交</ button >
     </ div >
      
      </ form >
 
 
 
     </ div >
 
    </ div >
    <!-- /.modal-content -->
   </ div >
   <!-- /.modal -->
  </ div >
 
  <!--
   表格
  -->
  < div class = "container-fluid" >
   < div class = "table-responsive " >
    < table class = "table table-bordered table-condensed" >
     < thead >
      < tr class = "active" >
       < th >姓名</ th >
       < th >学号</ th >
       < th >电话</ th >
       < th >编辑</ th >
       < th >删除</ th >
       < tbody >
        {% for stu in students %}
        < tr >
         < td >{{ stu.s_name }}</ td >
         < td >{{ stu.s_id }}</ td >
         < td >{{ stu.s_phone }}</ td >
 
         < td >< a href = "{% url 'modify' stu.s_id %}" rel = "external nofollow" >< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-edit" ></ span ></ a ></ td >
 
         < td >< a href = "{% url 'delstu' stu.s_id %}" rel = "external nofollow" >< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-remove" ></ span ></ a ></ td >
        </ tr >
        {% endfor %}
       </ tbody >
      </ tr >
     </ thead >
    </ table >
   </ div >
  </ div >
 
 
 
  < script src = "{% static 'js/jquery-3.1.1.js' %}" ></ script >
  < script src = "{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}" ></ script >
</ body >
 
</ html >

增加 / 修改学员页面，modif.html 。

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<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "en" >
< head >
  < meta charset = "UTF-8" >
  < title >修改学员信息-{{ stu.s_name }}</ title >
  < link rel = "stylesheet" href = "style.css" >
  < style >
  .smart-green {
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  max-width: 500px;
  background: #F8F8F8;
  padding: 30px 30px 20px 30px;
  font: 12px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  color: #666;
  border-radius: 5px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
  -moz-border-radius: 5px;
  }
 
  .smart-green h1 {
  font: 24px "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  padding: 20px 0px 20px 40px;
  display: block;
  margin: -30px -30px 10px -30px;
  color: #FFF;
  background: #9DC45F;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494;
  border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
  -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #89AF4C;
  }
 
  .smart-green h1 > span {
  display: block;
  font-size: 11px;
  color: #FFF;
  }
 
  .smart-green label {
  display: block;
  margin: 0px 0px 5px;
  }
 
  .smart-green label > span {
  float: left;
  margin-top: 10px;
  color: #5E5E5E;
  }
 
  .smart-green input[type="text"], .smart-green input[type="email"], .smart-green textarea, .smart-green select {
  color: #555;
  height: 30px;
  line-height: 15px;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;
  margin-top: 2px;
  border: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  background: #FBFBFB;
  outline: 0;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2);
  box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2);
  font: normal 14px/14px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  }
 
  .smart-green textarea {
  height: 100px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  }
 
 
  .smart-green .button {
  background-color: #9DC45F;
  border-radius: 5px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
  -moz-border-border-radius: 5px;
  border: none;
  padding: 10px 25px 10px 25px;
  color: #FFF;
  text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494;
  }
 
  .smart-green .button:hover {
  background-color: #80A24A;
  }
 
  .error-msg{
  color: red;
  margin-top: 10px;
  }
  .success-msg{
  color: #80A24A;
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  }
  </ style >
</ head >
< body >
< form action = "{% url 'modify' stu.s_id %}" method = "post" class = "smart-green" >
  {% csrf_token %}
  < h1 >修改学员信息-{{ stu.s_name }}
   < span >请输入修改后的信息.</ span >
  </ h1 >
  < label >
   < span >姓名 :</ span >
   < input id = "name" type = "text" name = "name" class = "error" placeholder = "请输入修改后姓名" value = "{{ stu.s_name }}" >
   < div class = "error-msg" ></ div >
  </ label >
 
  < label >
   < span >电话 :</ span >
   < input id = "email" type = "text" value = "{{ stu.s_phone }}" name = "phone" placeholder = "请输入修改后的电话" />
   < div class = "error-msg" ></ div >
  </ label >
  < label >
   < span >&nbsp;</ span >
   < input type = "submit" class = "button" value = "提交" />
  </ label >
 
</ form >
 
</ body >
</ html >

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我.

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42598133/article/details/83031942 。

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