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python中set常用操作汇总

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sets 支持 x in set, len(set),和 for x in set。作为一个无序的集合,sets不记录元素位置或者插入点。因此,sets不支持 indexing, slicing, 或其它类序列(sequence-like)的操作。  。

下面我们通过几个例子,来简单说明下 。

常用操作1 。

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In [ 2 ]: a = set ()
 
In [ 3 ]: a
Out[ 3 ]: set ()
 
In [ 4 ]: type (a)
Out[ 4 ]: set
 
In [ 5 ]: b = set ([ 1 , 3 ])
 
In [ 6 ]: b
Out[ 6 ]: { 1 , 3 }
 
In [ 7 ]: type (b)
Out[ 7 ]: set
 
In [ 8 ]: b.update( 2 )
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
TypeError                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython - input - 8 - d51e2fe4c50a> in <module>()
- - - - > 1 b.update( 2 )
 
TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable
 
In [ 9 ]: b.update({ 2 })
 
In [ 10 ]: b
Out[ 10 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 }
 
In [ 11 ]: b.update([ 4 ])
 
In [ 12 ]: b
Out[ 12 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 }
 
In [ 13 ]: a.di
a.difference     a.difference_update a.discard
 
In [ 13 ]: a.dif
a.difference     a.difference_update
 
In [ 13 ]: a.difference(b)
Out[ 13 ]: set ()
 
In [ 14 ]: a
Out[ 14 ]: set ()
 
In [ 15 ]: b.difference(a)
Out[ 15 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 }
 
In [ 16 ]:

常用操作2 。

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In [ 16 ]: a.add({ 1 , 3 })
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
TypeError                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython - input - 16 - 98cdf4d0875e > in <module>()
- - - - > 1 a.add({ 1 , 3 })
 
TypeError: unhashable type : 'set'
 
In [ 17 ]: a.add( 4 )
 
In [ 18 ]: a
Out[ 18 ]: { 4 }
 
In [ 19 ]: a.issu
a.issubset  a.issuperset
 
In [ 19 ]: a.issubset(b)
Out[ 19 ]: True
 
In [ 20 ]: a.remove( 4 )
 
In [ 21 ]: a
Out[ 21 ]: set ()
 
In [ 22 ]: a.union(b)
Out[ 22 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 }
 
In [ 23 ]: a
Out[ 23 ]: set ()
 
In [ 24 ]: b
Out[ 24 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 }
 
In [ 25 ]: b.pop()
Out[ 25 ]: 1
 
In [ 26 ]: a.copy(b)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
TypeError                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython - input - 26 - 9e8a5f057ffd > in <module>()
- - - - > 1 a.copy(b)
 
TypeError: copy() takes no arguments ( 1 given)
 
In [ 27 ]: a.copy()
Out[ 27 ]: set ()
 
In [ 28 ]: c = a.copy()
 
In [ 29 ]: c
Out[ 29 ]: set ()
 
In [ 30 ]: a
Out[ 30 ]: set ()
 
In [ 31 ]: a.add({ 234 })
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
TypeError                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython - input - 31 - 6073e02d68a9 > in <module>()
- - - - > 1 a.add({ 234 })
 
TypeError: unhashable type : 'set'
 
In [ 32 ]: a.add( 234 )
 
In [ 33 ]: c
Out[ 33 ]: set ()
 
In [ 34 ]: a
Out[ 34 ]: { 234 }

常用操作3 。

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In [ 35 ]: a.clear()
 
In [ 36 ]: a
Out[ 36 ]: set ()
 
In [ 39 ]: a = { 1 }
 
In [ 40 ]: b = { 1 , 2 }
 
In [ 41 ]: a.intersection(b)
Out[ 41 ]: { 1 }
 
In [ 43 ]: a
Out[ 43 ]: { 1 }
 
In [ 44 ]: b = { 1 , 2 , 3 }
 
In [ 45 ]: a.union(b)
Out[ 45 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 }
 
In [ 45 ]: a.union(b)
Out[ 45 ]: { 1 , 2 , 3 }
 
In [ 46 ]: a & b
Out[ 46 ]: { 1 }
 
In [ 47 ]: a ^ b
Out[ 47 ]: { 2 , 3 }
 
In [ 48 ]: a - b
Out[ 48 ]: set ()
 
In [ 49 ]: b - a
Out[ 49 ]: { 2 , 3 }
 
In [ 50 ]: a > b
Out[ 50 ]: False
 
In [ 51 ]: b > a
Out[ 51 ]: True
 
In [ 52 ]: a = = b
Out[ 52 ]: False
 
In [ 53 ]: a ! = b
Out[ 53 ]: True

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