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Spring MVC Annotation验证的方法

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这篇CFSDN的博客文章Spring MVC Annotation验证的方法由作者收集整理,如果你对这篇文章有兴趣,记得点赞哟.

简介说明 。

使用spring mvc的annotation验证可以直接对view model的简单数据验证,注意,这里是简单的,如果model的数据验证需要有一些比较复杂的业务逻辑性在里头,只是使用annotation做验证是比较难的.

以下是使用spring mvc自带的annotation验证,加上自定义的一个@tel的annotation验证例子,此例子具有:

1、支持多语言(国际化) 。

2、对默认数据先进行转化,比如int、date类型如果传入空值时,会抛异常,默认给定值 。

先看配置:

1、web.xml 。

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<web-app version= "3.0" xmlns= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
   xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
   xsi:schemalocation="http: //java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
   http: //java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
   <display-name>test spring mvc - 1 </display-name>
  
   <context-param>
     <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
     <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
   </context-param>
   <servlet>
     <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
     <servlet- class >org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet- class >
     <init-param>
       <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
       <param-value></param-value>
     </init-param>
     <load-on-startup> 1 </load-on-startup>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
     <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
   <listener>
     <listener- class >org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener</listener- class >
   </listener>
 
   <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   </welcome-file-list>
 
</web-app>

这里没什么好说的,只是把spring.xml配置加入到contextconfiglocation中 。

2、spring.xml 。

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<beans
   xmlns= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
   xmlns:tx= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xmlns:context= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:mvc= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
   xsi:schemalocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/tx
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   http: //www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
 
   <!--注解说明 -->
   <context:annotation-config />
  
   <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
   <mvc:annotation-driven validator= "validator" conversion-service= "conversionservice" />
  
   <!-- 把标记了 @controller 注解的类转换为bean -->
   <context:component-scan base- package = "com.my" />
  
   <!-- 视图解释类 -->
   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver" >
     <property name= "prefix" value= "/web-inf/views/" />
     <property name= "suffix" value= ".jsp" /><!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
     <property name= "viewclass" value= "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview" />
   </bean>
  
   <!-- 资源文件:messages.properties -->
   <bean id= "messagesource" class = "org.springframework.context.support.resourcebundlemessagesource" >
     <property name= "basenames" >
       <list>
         <value>messages</value>
       </list>
     </property>
   </bean>
   <!-- 验证器 -->
   <bean id= "validator" class = "org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.localvalidatorfactorybean" >
     <property name= "validationmessagesource" ref= "messagesource" />
   </bean>
  
   <!-- 自定义数据类型转换器 -->
   <bean id= "conversionservice" class = "org.springframework.format.support.formattingconversionservicefactorybean" >
     <property name= "converters" >
       <list>
         <bean class = "com.my.controller.converter.intconverter" />
         <bean class = "com.my.controller.converter.dateconverter" />
       </list>
     </property>
   </bean> 
</beans>

在<mvc:annotation-driven/>中加入conversion-service,然后在conversion-service中加入系统默认的转换器,如上有intconverter和dateconverter,当然,也可以是自定的别的类型,这是全局的.

在validator验证器中加入了支持多语言的properties,当然,spring的多语言是基于http header的accept-language.

3、controller 。

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package com.my.controller;
import java.util.list;
import javax.validation.valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.validation.bindingresult;
import org.springframework.validation.fielderror;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.modelattribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.modelandview;
 
import com.my.controller.bean.user4;
 
@controller
@requestmapping (value= "av" )
public class testannotationvalidcontroller {
 
   @requestmapping
   public modelandview index() {
     modelandview view = new modelandview( "/testannotationvalid/index" , "user4" , new user4());
     return view;
   }
  
   @requestmapping (value= "/add" , method=requestmethod.post)
   public modelandview add( @modelattribute @valid user4 user, bindingresult result) {
     modelandview view = new modelandview( "/testannotationvalid/index" );
     view.addobject( "user4" , user);
    
     if (result.haserrors()) {
       list<fielderror> errors = result.getfielderrors();
       for (fielderror err : errors) {
         system.out.println( "objectname:" + err.getobjectname() + "\tfieldname:" + err.getfield()
             + "\tfieldvalue:" + err.getrejectedvalue() + "\tmessage:" + err.getdefaultmessage() + "\tcode:" );
       }
     }
    
     return view;
  
}

这是一个简单的controller,在add中,有一个@valid的annotation,这是必需的,不加这个,annotation验证将不起作用 。

4、user4.java model实体类 。

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package com.my.controller.bean;
import java.util.date;
import javax.validation.constraints.max;
import javax.validation.constraints.min;
import javax.validation.constraints.notnull;
import javax.validation.constraints.past;
import javax.validation.constraints.pattern;
import javax.validation.constraints.size;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.length;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.notblank;
public class user4 {
  
   private long id;
  
   @notblank (message= "{valid.name}" )
   private string name;
  
   @length (min= 4 , max= 20 , message= "{valid.password}" )
   private string password;
  
   @notblank (message= "{valid.required}" )
   @email (message= "{valid.email}" )
   private string email;
  
   @notnull (message= "{valid.required}" )
   private boolean married;
  
   @min (value= 18 , message= "{valid.agemin}" )
   @max (value= 100 , message= "{valid.agemax}" )
   private int age;
  
   @notnull (message= "{valid.required}" )
   @past (message= "{valid.birthday}" )
   private date birthday;
  
   @pattern (regexp= "^[a-za-z]{2,}$" , message= "{valid.address}" )
   private string address;
  
   @size (min= 1 , message= "{valid.likesmin}" )
   private string[] likes;
  
   @com .my.controller.validator.tel(message= "{valid.tel}" , min= 3 )
   private string tel;
  
   public long getid() {
     return id;
   }
   public void setid( long id) {
     this .id = id;
   }
   public string getname() {
     return name;
   }
   public void setname(string name) {
     this .name = name;
   }
   public string getpassword() {
     return password;
   }
   public void setpassword(string password) {
     this .password = password;
   }
   public string getemail() {
     return email;
   }
   public void setemail(string email) {
     this .email = email;
   }
   public boolean ismarried() {
     return married;
   }
   public void setmarried( boolean married) {
     this .married = married;
   }
   public int getage() {
     return age;
   }
   public void setage( int age) {
     this .age = age;
   }
   public date getbirthday() {
     return birthday;
   }
   public void setbirthday(date birthday) {
     this .birthday = birthday;
   }
   public string getaddress() {
     return address;
   }
   public void setaddress(string address) {
     this .address = address;
   }
   public string[] getlikes() {
     return likes;
   }
   public void setlikes(string[] likes) {
     this .likes = likes;
   }
   public string gettel() {
     return tel;
   }
   public void settel(string tel) {
     this .tel = tel;
   }
}

除了@tel之外,其它都是spring自带的annotation,当然还有别的,自行搜索下  。

5、message.properties 。

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valid.required=字段值不能为空
valid.name=用户名不能为空
valid.password=密码最小 4
valid.agemin=年龄不能小于{ 1 }岁
valid.agemax=年龄不能大于{ 1 }岁
valid.email=邮箱格式不正确
valid.address=联系地址不正确
valid.birthday=生日不能大于今天
valid.likesmin=喜好最小不能小于 1
valid.tel=手机号码不能小于{min}位

对应的是user4 model的annotation的message值。如果需要国际化的多语言,只需要加入多一个messages_en_us.properties这样名字的文件即可.

6、@tel 。

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package com.my.controller.validator;
import java.lang.annotation.elementtype;
import java.lang.annotation.retention;
import java.lang.annotation.retentionpolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.target;
import javax.validation.constraint;
import javax.validation.payload;
@target ({elementtype.field, elementtype.method})
@retention (retentionpolicy.runtime)
@constraint (validatedby=telvalidator. class )
public @interface tel {
   int min() default 0 ;
   string message();
   class <?>[] groups() default {}; 
   class <? extends payload>[] payload() default {};
}

新建一个interface,注意,annotation的interface java是这样写的:@interface 。

telvalidator

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package com.my.controller.validator;
import javax.annotation.resource;
import javax.validation.constraintvalidator;
import javax.validation.constraintvalidatorcontext;
import org.springframework.context.support.resourcebundlemessagesource;
public class telvalidator implements constraintvalidator<tel, string> {
   @resource
   private resourcebundlemessagesource messagesource;
   private tel tel; 
   @override
   public void initialize(tel tel) {
     this .tel = tel;
   }
 
   @override
   public boolean isvalid(string value, constraintvalidatorcontext constraintcontext) {
     boolean isvalid;
    
     if (value != null && value.length() >= tel.min()) {
       isvalid = true ;
     }
     else {
       isvalid = false ;
     }
    
     if (!isvalid) {
       constraintcontext.disabledefaultconstraintviolation();
       constraintcontext.buildconstraintviolationwithtemplate(tel.message()).addconstraintviolation();
     }
     return isvalid;
   }
}

这是@tel的验证实现方法.

7、converter 。

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package com.my.controller.converter;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.converter;
public class intconverter implements converter<string, integer> {
   @override
   public integer convert(string text) {
     if (text == null || "" .equals(text)) {
       return 0 ;
     } else {
       try {
         integer value = integer.parseint(text);
         return value;
       } catch (exception e) {
         return 0 ;
       }
     }
   }
}
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package com.my.controller.converter;
import java.text.parseexception;
import java.text.simpledateformat;
import java.util.date;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.converter;
 
public class dateconverter implements converter<string, date> {
 
   @override
   public date convert(string text) {
     simpledateformat dateformat = new simpledateformat( "yyyy-mm-dd" );
     dateformat.setlenient( false );
     try {
       return dateformat.parse(text);
     } catch (parseexception e) {
       e.printstacktrace();
     }
     return null ;
   }
}

这两个是全局的类型默认转换器.

8、测试jsp 。

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<%@ page language= "java" contenttype= "text/html; charset=utf-8" pageencoding= "utf-8" %>
<%@ taglib uri= "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix= "c" %>
<%@ taglib uri= "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix= "fmt" %>
<%@ taglib uri= "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" prefix= "fn" %>
<%@ taglib prefix= "st" uri= "http://www.springframework.org/tags" %>
<%@ taglib prefix= "sf" uri= "http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd" >
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv= "content-type" content= "text/html; charset=utf-8" >
<title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
   <sf:form action= "${pagecontext.request.contextpath}/av/add" method= "post" modelattribute= "user4" >
     user name:<sf:input path= "name" /><sf:errors path= "name" /><br/>
     password:<sf:input path= "password" /><sf:errors path= "password" /><br/>
     e-mail:<sf:input path= "email" /><sf:errors path= "email" /><br/>
     age:<sf:input path= "age" /><sf:errors path= "age" /><br/>
     birthday:<sf:input path= "birthday" /><sf:errors path= "birthday" /><br/>
     address:<sf:input path= "address" /><sf:errors path= "address" /><br/>
     married:
       <sf:radiobutton path= "married" label= "yes" value= "true" />
       <sf:radiobutton path= "married" label= "no" value= "false" />
       <sf:errors path= "married" /><br/>
     likes:
       <sf:checkbox path= "likes" label= "football" value= "football" />
       <sf:checkbox path= "likes" label= "badminton" value= "badminton" />
       <sf:checkbox path= "likes" label= "pingpong" value= "pingpong" />
       <sf:errors path= "likes" /><br/>
     tel:<sf:input path= "tel" /><sf:errors path= "tel" /><br/>
     <input type= "submit" value= "add" />
     <hr/>
     errors:<br/><sf:errors path= "*" ></sf:errors>
     <hr/>
     likes:<c:foreach items= "${user4.likes}" var= "item" >${item},</c:foreach>
   </sf:form>
</body>
</html>

注意,在form中的modelattribute属性值,它对应的是user4类名,小写开头,否则会出错 。

9、页面ui结果:

Spring MVC Annotation验证的方法

点击add button后:

Spring MVC Annotation验证的方法

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我.

原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/HD/p/4123146.html 。

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