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python3+PyQt5重新实现自定义数据拖放处理

转载 作者：qq735679552 更新时间：2022-09-28 22:32:09 25 4
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本文分成两部分，第一部分通过python3+pyqt5实现自定义数据的拖放操作。第二部分则对第一部分的程序进行修改，增加拖放操作时，菜单提示是否移动或拷贝，还有可以通过ctrl键盘来设置移动过程中拷贝源而非会将源删除.

自定义数据mime数据类型qmimedata，mime是一种用于处理具有多个组成部分的自定义数据的标准化格式。mime数据由一个数据类型和一个子类型构成–例如，text/plain，text/html，image/png，要处理自定义mime数据，就必须要选用一种自定义数据类型和一种子类型，然后将数据封装到qmimedata对象中。本例子中，我们创建端为application/x-icon-and-text类型的新mime数据.

注:

dragenterevent这是一个拖拽事件的函数，我们把文件拖拽进程序界面打开，之前必须setacceptdrops(true)了以后拖拽，但是只设置acceptdrops还不够，还需要在dragenterevent事件中对拖入的对象进行筛选，判断mimedata的类型是否是你能处理的，如果是，则调用event.acceptproposedaction()放行。拖放结束后会产生dropevent事件，在那里进行最后的放置操作。总之这是拖拽事件函数的一个筛选事件并放置的函数.

第一部分:

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from pyqt5.qtcore import (qbytearray, qdatastream, qiodevice, qmimedata,
     qpoint, qsize, qt)
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (qapplication, qdialog,qgridlayout,
                qlineedit, qlistwidget,qlistwidgetitem, qwidget)
from pyqt5.qtgui import qicon,qcolor,qpainter,qfontmetricsf,qdrag
 
class droplineedit(qlineedit):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (droplineedit, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       text = ""
       #stream >> text
       text = stream.readqstring()
       self .settext(text)
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
class dndlistwidget(qlistwidget):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (dndlistwidget, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
     self .setdragenabled(true)
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.setdropaction(qt.moveaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       text = ""
       icon = qicon()
       #stream >> text >> icon
       text = stream.readqstring()
       stream >> icon
       item = qlistwidgetitem(text, self )
       item.seticon(icon)
       event.setdropaction(qt.moveaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def startdrag( self , dropactions):
     item = self .currentitem()
     icon = item.icon()
     data = qbytearray()
     stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
     #stream << item.text() << icon
     stream.writeqstring(item.text())
     stream << icon
     mimedata = qmimedata()
     mimedata.setdata( "application/x-icon-and-text" , data)
     drag = qdrag( self )
     drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
     pixmap = icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
     drag.sethotspot(qpoint( 12 , 12 ))
     drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
     if drag. exec (qt.moveaction) = = qt.moveaction:
       self .takeitem( self .row(item))
 
 
class dndwidget(qwidget):
 
   def __init__( self , text, icon = qicon(), parent = none):
     super (dndwidget, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
     self .text = text
     self .icon = icon
 
 
   def minimumsizehint( self ):
     fm = qfontmetricsf( self .font())
     if self .icon.isnull():
       return qsize(fm.width( self .text), fm.height() * 1.5 )
     return qsize( 34 + fm.width( self .text), max ( 34 , fm.height() * 1.5 ))
 
 
   def paintevent( self , event):
     height = qfontmetricsf( self .font()).height()
     painter = qpainter( self )
     painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.antialiasing)
     painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.textantialiasing)
     painter.fillrect( self .rect(), qcolor(qt.yellow).lighter())
     if self .icon.isnull():
       painter.drawtext( 10 , height, self .text)
     else :
       pixmap = self .icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
       painter.drawpixmap( 0 , 5 , pixmap)
       painter.drawtext( 34 , height,
                self .text + " (drag to or from me!)" )
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       self .text = ""
       self .icon = qicon()
       #stream >> self.text >> self.icon
       self .text = stream.readqstring()
       stream>> self .icon
 
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
       self .updategeometry()
       self .update()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def mousemoveevent( self , event):
     self .startdrag()
     qwidget.mousemoveevent( self , event)
 
 
   def startdrag( self ):
     icon = self .icon
     if icon.isnull():
       return
     data = qbytearray()
     stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
     #stream << self.text << icon
     stream.writeqstring( self .text)
     stream<<icon
     mimedata = qmimedata()
     mimedata.setdata( "application/x-icon-and-text" , data)
     drag = qdrag( self )
     drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
     pixmap = icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
     drag.sethotspot(qpoint( 12 , 12 ))
     drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
     drag. exec (qt.copyaction)
 
 
class form(qdialog):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (form, self ).__init__(parent)
 
     dndlistwidget = dndlistwidget()
     path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
     for image in sorted (os.listdir(os.path.join(path, "images" ))):
       if image.endswith( ".png" ):
         item = qlistwidgetitem(image.split( "." )[ 0 ].capitalize())
         item.seticon(qicon(os.path.join(path,
                   "images/{0}" . format (image))))
         dndlistwidget.additem(item)
     dndiconlistwidget = dndlistwidget()
     dndiconlistwidget.setviewmode(qlistwidget.iconmode)
     dndwidget = dndwidget( "drag to me!" )
     droplineedit = droplineedit()
 
     layout = qgridlayout()
     layout.addwidget(dndlistwidget, 0 , 0 )
     layout.addwidget(dndiconlistwidget, 0 , 1 )
     layout.addwidget(dndwidget, 1 , 0 )
     layout.addwidget(droplineedit, 1 , 1 )
     self .setlayout(layout)
 
     self .setwindowtitle( "custom drag and drop" )
 
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
   app = qapplication(sys.argv)
   form = form()
   form.show()
   app.exec_()

运行结果:

python3+PyQt5重新实现自定义数据拖放处理

第二部分:

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from pyqt5.qtcore import (qbytearray, qdatastream, qiodevice, qmimedata,
     qpoint, qsize, qt)
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (qapplication, qdialog,qgridlayout,
                qlineedit, qlistwidget,qlistwidgetitem, qwidget,qmenu)
from pyqt5.qtgui import qicon,qcolor,qpainter,qfontmetricsf,qdrag,qcursor
 
class droplineedit(qlineedit):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (droplineedit, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       text = ""
       text = stream.readqstring()
       self .settext(text)
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
class dndmenulistwidget(qlistwidget):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (dndmenulistwidget, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
     self .setdragenabled(true)
     self .dropaction = qt.copyaction
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.setdropaction(qt.moveaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       text = ""
       icon = qicon()
       text = stream.readqstring()
       stream>>icon
       menu = qmenu( self )
       menu.addaction( "©" , self .setcopyaction)
       menu.addaction( "&move" , self .setmoveaction)
       if menu.exec_(qcursor.pos()):
         item = qlistwidgetitem(text, self )
         item.seticon(icon)
         event.setdropaction( self .dropaction)
         event.accept()
         return
       else :
         event.setdropaction(qt.ignoreaction)
     event.ignore()
 
 
   def setcopyaction( self ):
     self .dropaction = qt.copyaction
 
 
   def setmoveaction( self ):
     self .dropaction = qt.moveaction
 
 
   def startdrag( self , dropactions):
     item = self .currentitem()
     icon = item.icon()
     data = qbytearray()
     stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
     stream.writeqstring(item.text())
     stream<<icon
     mimedata = qmimedata()
     mimedata.setdata( "application/x-icon-and-text" , data)
     drag = qdrag( self )
     drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
     pixmap = icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
     drag.sethotspot(qpoint( 12 , 12 ))
     drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
     if (drag. exec (qt.moveaction|qt.copyaction) = = qt.moveaction):
       self .takeitem( self .row(item))
 
 
class dndctrllistwidget(qlistwidget):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (dndctrllistwidget, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
     self .setdragenabled(true)
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       action = qt.moveaction
       if event.keyboardmodifiers() & qt.controlmodifier:
         action = qt.copyaction
       event.setdropaction(action)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       text = ""
       icon = qicon()
       text = stream.readqstring()
       stream>>icon
       item = qlistwidgetitem(text, self )
       item.seticon(icon)
       action = qt.moveaction
       if event.keyboardmodifiers() & qt.controlmodifier:
         action = qt.copyaction
       event.setdropaction(action)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def startdrag( self , dropactions):
     item = self .currentitem()
     icon = item.icon()
     data = qbytearray()
     stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
     stream.writeqstring(item.text())
     stream<<icon
     mimedata = qmimedata()
     mimedata.setdata( "application/x-icon-and-text" , data)
     drag = qdrag( self )
     drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
     pixmap = icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
     drag.sethotspot(qpoint( 12 , 12 ))
     drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
     if (drag. exec (qt.moveaction|qt.copyaction) = = qt.moveaction):
       self .takeitem( self .row(item))
 
 
class dndwidget(qwidget):
 
   def __init__( self , text, icon = qicon(), parent = none):
     super (dndwidget, self ).__init__(parent)
     self .setacceptdrops(true)
     self .text = text
     self .icon = icon
 
 
   def minimumsizehint( self ):
     fm = qfontmetricsf( self .font())
     if self .icon.isnull():
       return qsize(fm.width( self .text), fm.height() * 1.5 )
     return qsize( 34 + fm.width( self .text), max ( 34 , fm.height() * 1.5 ))
 
 
   def paintevent( self , event):
     height = qfontmetricsf( self .font()).height()
     painter = qpainter( self )
     painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.antialiasing)
     painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.textantialiasing)
     painter.fillrect( self .rect(), qcolor(qt.yellow).lighter())
     if self .icon.isnull():
       painter.drawtext( 10 , height, self .text)
     else :
       pixmap = self .icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
       painter.drawpixmap( 0 , 5 , pixmap)
       painter.drawtext( 34 , height,
                self .text + " (drag to or from me!)" )
 
 
   def dragenterevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dragmoveevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def dropevent( self , event):
     if event.mimedata().hasformat( "application/x-icon-and-text" ):
       data = event.mimedata().data( "application/x-icon-and-text" )
       stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
       self .text = ""
       self .icon = qicon()
       self .text = stream.readqstring()
       stream>> self .icon
 
       event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
       event.accept()
       self .updategeometry()
       self .update()
     else :
       event.ignore()
 
 
   def mousemoveevent( self , event):
     self .startdrag()
     qwidget.mousemoveevent( self , event)
 
 
   def startdrag( self ):
     icon = self .icon
     if icon.isnull():
       return
     data = qbytearray()
     stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
     stream.writeqstring( self .text)
     stream<<icon
     mimedata = qmimedata()
     mimedata.setdata( "application/x-icon-and-text" , data)
     drag = qdrag( self )
     drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
     pixmap = icon.pixmap( 24 , 24 )
     drag.sethotspot(qpoint( 12 , 12 ))
     drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
     drag. exec (qt.copyaction)
 
 
class form(qdialog):
 
   def __init__( self , parent = none):
     super (form, self ).__init__(parent)
 
     dndlistwidget = dndmenulistwidget()
     path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
     for image in sorted (os.listdir(os.path.join(path, "images" ))):
       if image.endswith( ".png" ):
         item = qlistwidgetitem(image.split( "." )[ 0 ].capitalize())
         item.seticon(qicon(os.path.join(path,
                   "images/{0}" . format (image))))
         dndlistwidget.additem(item)
     dndiconlistwidget = dndctrllistwidget()
     dndiconlistwidget.setviewmode(qlistwidget.iconmode)
     dndwidget = dndwidget( "drag to me!" )
     droplineedit = droplineedit()
 
     layout = qgridlayout()
     layout.addwidget(dndlistwidget, 0 , 0 )
     layout.addwidget(dndiconlistwidget, 0 , 1 )
     layout.addwidget(dndwidget, 1 , 0 )
     layout.addwidget(droplineedit, 1 , 1 )
     self .setlayout(layout)
 
     self .setwindowtitle( "custom drag and drop" )
 
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
   app = qapplication(sys.argv)
   form = form()
   form.show()
   app.exec_()

运行结果:

python3+PyQt5重新实现自定义数据拖放处理

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我.

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoyangyang20/article/details/54728947 。

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