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Spring Web MVC和Hibernate的集成配置详解

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网上看到很多关于Spring与Hibernate的集成的文章,奈何由于那些文章写作时间较早,很多都是Spring 3 和Hibernate 4等较旧的版本。所以我在这里使用更新的版本来说明一下.

添加项目依赖 。

首先我们需要一个Java Web项目,最好使用Maven或Gradle构建工具,方便我们解决软件依赖。我在这里使用Gradle构建工具,构建脚本如下。我们只要引入spring-webmvc和spring-orm这两个包,其他的Spring依赖会自动由构建工具解决。然后还需要引入数据源、Hibernate、JSTL等依赖项。脚本的最后定义了一个任务用于生成对应的pom文件方便Maven工具使用.

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group 'yitian.learn'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'maven'
apply from: 'https://raw.github.com/akhikhl/gretty/master/pluginScripts/gretty.plugin'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
repositories {
   maven {
     url "http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/"
   }
   jcenter()
}
ext {
springVersion = '4.3.6.RELEASE'
   aspectjVerison = '1.8.10'
}
dependencies {
   testCompile group: 'junit' , name: 'junit' , version: '4.12'
   compile group: 'org.springframework' , name: 'spring-webmvc' , version: springVersion
   compile group: 'org.springframework' , name: 'spring-orm' , version: springVersion
   compile group: 'org.glassfish.web' , name: 'jstl-impl' , version: '1.2'
   compile group: 'org.projectlombok' , name: 'lombok' , version: '1.16.12'
   compile group: 'org.hibernate' , name: 'hibernate-core' , version: '5.2.6.Final'
   compile group: 'mysql' , name: 'mysql-connector-java' , version: '5.1.40'
   compile group: 'org.apache.commons' , name: 'commons-dbcp2' , version: '2.1.1'
   compile group: 'org.aspectj' , name: 'aspectjweaver' , version: aspectjVerison
}
task writeNewPom {
   doLast {
     pom {
     }.writeTo( "$projectDir/pom.xml" )
}
}

配置web.xml 。

然后打开WEB-INF/web.xml文件,添加以下内容.

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< web-app xmlns = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
      version = "3.1" >
   < context-param >
     < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >
     < param-value >/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</ param-value >
   </ context-param >
   < servlet >
     < servlet-name >dispatcher</ servlet-name >
     < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class >
     < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup >
     < async-supported >true</ async-supported >
   </ servlet >
   < servlet-mapping >
     < servlet-name >dispatcher</ servlet-name >
     < url-pattern >/</ url-pattern >
   </ servlet-mapping >
   < listener >
     < listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class >
   </ listener >
</ web-app >

配置Spring 。

相对应的应该有两个Spring配置文件/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml和/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml。前者是根配置文件,用于配置数据库等后端、全局的组件,后者是MVC配置文件,用于配置MVC和Web相关的组件.

然后在/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml中,我们配置Hibernate和Spring集成的组件。我们需要配置数据源、HibernateSessionFactory、Hibernate事务管理器、事务连接点、Hibernate模板等Bean,然后在操作数据的时候使用Hibernate模板,就能获得Spring控制的事务管理功能了.

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
 
   < context:annotation-config />
   <!--数据源-->
   < bean id = "dataSource" class = "org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method = "close" >
     < property name = "driverClassName" value = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
     < property name = "url" value = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
     < property name = "username" value = "root" />
     < property name = "password" value = "12345678" />
   </ bean >
 
   <!--hibernate-->
   < bean id = "sessionFactory" class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
     < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />
     < property name = "hibernateProperties" >
       < props >
         < prop key = "hibernate.format_sql" >true</ prop >
         < prop key = "hibernate.show_sql" >true</ prop >
         < prop key = "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >create</ prop >
       </ props >
     </ property >
     < property name = "packagesToScan" value = "yitian.learn.entity" />
   </ bean >
   <!--设置hibernate模板-->
   < bean id = "hibernateTemplate" class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate" >
     < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
   </ bean >
   <!--设置hibernate事务管理器-->
   < bean id = "transactionManager" class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager" >
     < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
   </ bean >
   <!--数据访问对象-->
   < bean id = "userDao" class = "yitian.learn.dao.HibernateUserDao" />
   <!--设置事务管理-->
   < tx:advice id = "txAdvice"
         transaction-manager = "transactionManager" >
     < tx:attributes >
       < tx:method name = "find*" read-only = "true" />
       < tx:method name = "*" />
     </ tx:attributes >
   </ tx:advice >
   <!--使用AOP设置事务管理-->
   < aop:config >
 
     < aop:pointcut id = "userDaoPointcut"
            expression = "execution(* yitian.learn.dao.*.*(..))" />
     < aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice" pointcut-ref = "userDaoPointcut" />
 
   </ aop:config >
 
</ beans >

然后来配置一下Spring Web MVC的组件。在dispatcher-servlet.xml中添加以下配置。这里添加了JSP视图解析器和类型转换器,如果不需要自定义类型转换可以将对应片段删掉.

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" >
 
   < mvc:view-resolvers >
     < mvc:jsp prefix = "/WEB-INF/jsp/"
          suffix = ".jsp"
          view-class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
   </ mvc:view-resolvers >
   < mvc:default-servlet-handler />
   < mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service = "conversionService" />
   < context:component-scan base-package = "yitian.learn" />
 
   < bean id = "conversionService" class = "org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean" >
     < property name = "converters" >
       < set >
         < bean class = "yitian.learn.utils.String2LocalDateConverter" />
       </ set >
     </ property >
   </ bean >
</ beans >

至此,Hibernate与Spring的集成就算配置完了。最后我还写了一个小例子,放在了Github上,有兴趣的同学可以看看.

总结 。

以上就是本文关于Spring Web MVC和Hibernate的集成配置详解的全部内容,希望对大家有所帮助。感兴趣的朋友可以继续参阅本站其他相关专题,如有不足之处,欢迎留言指出。感谢朋友们对本站的支持! 。

原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/u011054333/article/details/54930571 。

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