gpt4 book ai didi

3、Hystrix 服务降级

转载 作者:大佬之路 更新时间:2024-01-21 22:29:03 26 4
gpt4 key购买 nike

Hystrix使用fallback机制很简单,继承HystrixCommand只需重写getFallback(),继承HystrixObservableCommand只需重写resumeWithFallback(),比如上篇文章的HelloWorldHystrixCommand加上下面代码片段:

@Override
protected String getFallback() {
    return "fallback: " + name;
}

fallback实际流程是当run()/construct()被触发执行时或执行中发生错误时,将转向执行getFallback()/resumeWithFallback()

结合下图,4种情况(出现异常,超时,熔断,线程池已满)将触发fallback:

 

run()方法中出现异常

(非HystrixBadRequestException异常)或者出现超时()触发fallback()

public class HystrixFallbackNomal extends HystrixCommand<String>{

  private final String name;

   public HystrixFallbackNomal(String name) {
	super(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey("ExampleGroup"));
	this.name = name;
  }

  @Override
  public String run() throws Exception {
	/*---------------会触发fallback的case-------------------*/
    	// 无限循环,实际上属于超时
    /*	int j = 0;
    	while (true) {
    		j++;
    	}*/
	Thread.sleep(1000);
    	
    	// 除零异常
    	// int i = 1/0;
    	
    	// 主动抛出异常
//      throw new HystrixTimeoutException();
//      throw new RuntimeException("this command will trigger fallback");
//      throw new Exception("this command will trigger fallback");
//    	throw new HystrixRuntimeException(FailureType.BAD_REQUEST_EXCEPTION, commandClass, message, cause, fallbackException);
        
    	/*---------------不会触发fallback的case-------------------*/
    	// 被捕获的异常不会触发fallback
//    	try {
//    		throw new RuntimeException("this command never trigger fallback");
//    	} catch(Exception e) {
//    		e.printStackTrace();
//    	}
        
    	// HystrixBadRequestException异常由非法参数或非系统错误引起,不会触发fallback,也不会被计入熔断器
        //throw new HystrixBadRequestException("HystrixBadRequestException is never trigger fallback");
        
     //return name;
	}

	@Override
	protected String getFallback() {
	  return "fallback: " + name;
	}
  }
}

熔断触发fallback()

/**
 * 熔断机制相当于电路的跳闸功能,例如:我们可以配置熔断策略为当请求错误比例在10s内>50%时,该服务将进入熔断状态,后续请求都会进入fallback
 * CircuitBreakerRequestVolumeThreshold设置为3,意味着10s内请求超过3次就触发熔断器(10s这个时间暂时不可配置)
 * run()中无限循环使命令超时进入fallback,10s内请求超过3次,将被熔断,进入降级,即不进入run()而直接进入fallback
 * 如果未熔断,但是threadpool被打满,仍然会降级,即不进入run()而直接进入fallback
 */
public class HystrixFallbackCircuitBreaker extends HystrixCommand<String>{
	private final String name;

    public HystrixFallbackCircuitBreaker(String name) {
        super(Setter.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey("CircuitBreakerTestGroup"))  
                .andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey("CircuitBreakerTestKey"))
                .andThreadPoolKey(HystrixThreadPoolKey.Factory.asKey("CircuitBreakerTest"))
                .andThreadPoolPropertiesDefaults(	// 配置线程池
                		HystrixThreadPoolProperties.Setter()
                		.withCoreSize(200)	// 配置线程池里的线程数,设置足够多线程,以防未熔断却打满threadpool
                )
                .andCommandPropertiesDefaults(	// 配置熔断器
                		HystrixCommandProperties.Setter()
                		.withCircuitBreakerEnabled(true)
                		.withCircuitBreakerRequestVolumeThreshold(3)
                		.withCircuitBreakerErrorThresholdPercentage(80)
//	                		.withCircuitBreakerForceOpen(true)	// 置为true时,所有请求都将被拒绝,直接到fallback
//	                		.withCircuitBreakerForceClosed(true)	// 置为true时,将忽略错误
//	                		.withExecutionIsolationStrategy(ExecutionIsolationStrategy.SEMAPHORE)	// 信号量隔离
//	                		.withExecutionTimeoutInMilliseconds(5000)
                )
        );
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    protected String run() throws Exception {
    	System.out.println("running run():" + name);
    	int num = Integer.valueOf(name);
    	if(num < 10) {	// 直接返回
    	  return name;
    	} else {	// 无限循环模拟超时
    	  int j = 0;
          while (true) {
          j++;
          }
    	}
//	return name;
    }

    @Override
    protected String getFallback() {
        return "CircuitBreaker fallback: " + name;
    }
}
    @Test
       public void testFallbackCricuitBreaker() throws IOException {
       	for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
	     try {
	        System.out.println("===========" + new HystrixFallbackCircuitBreaker(String.valueOf(i)).execute());
	     } catch(Exception e) {
	           System.out.println("run()抛出HystrixBadRequestException时,被捕获到这里" + e.getCause());
	     }
       	}

       	System.out.println("------开始打印现有线程---------");
       	Map<Thread, StackTraceElement[]> map=Thread.getAllStackTraces();
       	for (Thread thread : map.keySet()) {
	  System.out.println(thread.getName());
	}
       	System.out.println("thread num: " + map.size());
       	
       	System.in.read();
       }               

线程池已满,触发fallback()

public class HystrixThreadPoolFallback extends HystrixCommand<String>{

  private final String name;

    public HystrixThreadPoolFallback(String name) {
        super(Setter.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey("ThreadPoolTestGroup"))  
                .andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey("testCommandKey"))
                .andThreadPoolKey(HystrixThreadPoolKey.Factory.asKey("ThreadPoolTest"))
                .andCommandPropertiesDefaults(
                	HystrixCommandProperties.Setter()
                		.withExecutionTimeoutInMilliseconds(5000)
                )
                .andThreadPoolPropertiesDefaults(
                	HystrixThreadPoolProperties.Setter()
                		.withCoreSize(3)	// 配置线程池里的线程数
                )
        );
        this.name = name;
    }

  @Override
    protected String run() throws Exception {
    	System.out.println(name);
	TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(2000);
	return name;
    }

    @Override
    protected String getFallback() {
        return "fallback: " + name;
    }
}

 @Test
public void testThreadPool() throws IOException {
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
      try {
        Future<String> future = new HystrixThreadPoolFallback("Hlx"+i).queue();
      } catch(Exception e) {
        System.out.println("run()抛出HystrixBadRequestException时,被捕获到这里" + e.getCause());
      }
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
      try {
        System.out.println("===========" + new HystrixThreadPoolFallback("Hlx"+i).execute());
      } catch(Exception e) {
        System.out.println("run()抛出HystrixBadRequestException时,被捕获到这里" + e.getCause());
      }
    }
    try {
      TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(2000);
    }catch(Exception e) {}
    System.out.println("------开始打印现有线程---------");
    Map<Thread, StackTraceElement[]> map=Thread.getAllStackTraces();
    for (Thread thread : map.keySet()) {
        System.out.println(thread.getName());
    }
    System.out.println(map);
    System.out.println("thread num: " + map.size());

    System.in.read();
}

26 4 0
Copyright 2021 - 2024 cfsdn All Rights Reserved 蜀ICP备2022000587号
广告合作:1813099741@qq.com 6ren.com