python - 有没有办法缩短多个 if 语句？

Question

这是一个计算单词中所有元音的程序，程序的大部分是多个 if 语句，有什么办法可以缩短它吗？

word = input("enter a word ").lower()
a, e, i , o , u = 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
letters = [char for char in word]
for x in range(0,len(letters)):
    if letters[x] == "a":
        a += 1
    elif letters[x] == "e":
        e += 1
    elif letters[x] == "i":
        i += 1
    elif letters[x] == "o":
        o += 1
    elif  letters[x] == "u":
        u += 1
print(f"The word `{word}` has {a} `a` characters, {e} `e` characters, {i} `i` characters, {o} `o` characters, {u} `u` characters")

Answer 1

不要使用 5 个单独的变量，每个元音一个。使用带有元音键的单个 dict。

vowels = "aeiou"
vowel_counts = { x: 0 for x in vowels }

for x in letters:
    if x in vowels:
        vowel_counts[x] += 1

print(f"The word `{word}` has {vowel_counts['a']} `a` characters, {vowel_counts['e']} `e` characters, {vowel_counts['i']} `i` characters, {vowel_counts['o']} `o` characters, {vowel_counts['u']} `u` characters")