kotlin - 为什么 Kotlin 反编译器生成 null.INSTANCE

Question

我试图通过检查它在 Java 端的外观来了解 Kotlin 的一些功能。

所以作为一个实验，我尝试了这个:

val printKotlin = fun () {
    print("Hello Kotlin")
}

所以上面代码片段的输出是:

public final class FunAsVariableKt {
    private static final Function0 printKotlin;

    public static final Function0 getPrintKotlin() {
        return printKotlin;
    }

    static {
        printKotlin = (Function0)null.INSTANCE;
    }
}

如何理解上面反编译代码的静态 block ？为什么会生成此无效代码？

Answer 1

使用 Kotlin 字节码检查器查看作为 JVM 字节码生成的内容，而不是尝试将字节码反编译为 Java，这可能不适用于由不同语言编译器生成的代码，因为它可能不遵循预期的模式。字节码反编译器并不总是生成工作代码。

JVM bytecode != Java language specific

Kotlin generated JVM bytecode != Java generated JVM bytecode

您看到的 NULL 实例是反编译器的错误解释，您可以看到字节码中所有对 INSTANCE 的引用都正确设置了值。

这是实际输出:

// ================Stackoverflow_53384931Kt.class =================
// class version 52.0 (52)
// access flags 0x31
public final class Stackoverflow_53384931Kt {


  // access flags 0x1A
  // signature Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0<Lkotlin/Unit;>;
  // declaration: kotlin.jvm.functions.Function0<kotlin.Unit>
  private final static Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0; printKotlin
  @Lorg/jetbrains/annotations/NotNull;() // invisible

  // access flags 0x19
  // signature ()Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0<Lkotlin/Unit;>;
  // declaration: kotlin.jvm.functions.Function0<kotlin.Unit> getPrintKotlin()
  public final static getPrintKotlin()Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0;
  @Lorg/jetbrains/annotations/NotNull;() // invisible
   L0
    LINENUMBER 3 L0
    GETSTATIC Stackoverflow_53384931Kt.printKotlin : Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0;
    ARETURN
   L1
    MAXSTACK = 1
    MAXLOCALS = 0

  // access flags 0x8
  static <clinit>()V
   L0
    LINENUMBER 3 L0
    GETSTATIC Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1.INSTANCE : LStackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1;
    CHECKCAST kotlin/jvm/functions/Function0
    PUTSTATIC Stackoverflow_53384931Kt.printKotlin : Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0;
    RETURN
    MAXSTACK = 1
    MAXLOCALS = 0

  @Lkotlin/Metadata; ... 
  // access flags 0x18
  final static INNERCLASS Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1 null null
  // compiled from: stackoverflow-53384931.kt
}


// ================Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1.class =================
// class version 52.0 (52)
// access flags 0x30
// signature Lkotlin/jvm/internal/Lambda;Lkotlin/jvm/functions/Function0<Lkotlin/Unit;>;
// declaration: Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1 extends kotlin.jvm.internal.Lambda implements kotlin.jvm.functions.Function0<kotlin.Unit>
final class Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1 extends kotlin/jvm/internal/Lambda  implements kotlin/jvm/functions/Function0  {


  // access flags 0x1041
  public synthetic bridge invoke()Ljava/lang/Object;
    ALOAD 0
    INVOKEVIRTUAL Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1.invoke ()V
    GETSTATIC kotlin/Unit.INSTANCE : Lkotlin/Unit;
    ARETURN
    MAXSTACK = 1
    MAXLOCALS = 1

  // access flags 0x11
  public final invoke()V
   L0
    LINENUMBER 4 L0
    LDC "Hello Kotlin"
    ASTORE 1
   L1
    GETSTATIC java/lang/System.out : Ljava/io/PrintStream;
    ALOAD 1
    INVOKEVIRTUAL java/io/PrintStream.print (Ljava/lang/Object;)V
   L2
   L3
    LINENUMBER 5 L3
    RETURN
   L4
    LOCALVARIABLE this LStackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1; L0 L4 0
    MAXSTACK = 2
    MAXLOCALS = 2

  // access flags 0x0
  <init>()V
    ALOAD 0
    ICONST_0
    INVOKESPECIAL kotlin/jvm/internal/Lambda.<init> (I)V
    RETURN
    MAXSTACK = 2
    MAXLOCALS = 1

  // access flags 0x19
  public final static LStackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1; INSTANCE

  // access flags 0x8
  static <clinit>()V
    NEW Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1
    DUP
    INVOKESPECIAL Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1.<init> ()V
    PUTSTATIC Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1.INSTANCE : LStackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1;
    RETURN
    MAXSTACK = 2
    MAXLOCALS = 0

  @Lkotlin/Metadata; ...
  OUTERCLASS Stackoverflow_53384931Kt null
  // access flags 0x18
  final static INNERCLASS Stackoverflow_53384931Kt$printKotlin$1 null null
  // compiled from: stackoverflow-53384931.kt
  // debug info: SMAP
  ...

}