django - 无法识别我的 serializers.py 文件中的问题

Question

我不明白为什么会出现错误。如果我不导入 serializers.py 文件，则会出现错误(我的 View 尚未使用此文件)。

序列化程序.py:

from rest_framework import serializers

# This file is the equivilent of forms.py in that we define models to serialise.

class MerchantSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=50)
    name = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=100)
    logo = serializers.URLField(max_length=250, required=False)

class DataSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    account_id = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=50)
    amount = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, min_value=0)
    created = serializers.DateTimeField()
    currency = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=3)
    description = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=250)
    id = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=50)
    category = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=100)
    is_load = serializers.BooleanField()
    settled = serializers.DateTimeField()
    merchant = serializers.ListField(child=MerchantSerializer)

class TransactionSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    type = serializers.CharField(required=True, max_length=50)
    data = serializers.ListField(child=DataSerializer)

我的 View 还没有做任何事情。计划是只接收一些 JSON 来创建我的 webhook，验证 JSON，然后保存数据。 JSON 包含跨越多个模型的对象，并且字段名称与模型不匹配，所以我认为我不能使用任何模型序列化程序。

Views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from rest_framework import viewsets
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
import json
import datetime
from .models import Transaction
from .serializers import TransactionSerializer

#Enable logging
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Create your views here.

@csrf_exempt
def index(request):
    data = json.loads(request.body)

    return render(request, 'template.html', )

回溯:

python manage.py runserver 80
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\threading.py", line 870, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 117, in inner_run
    self.check(display_num_errors=True)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 392, in check
    all_issues = self._run_checks(
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 382, in _run_checks
    return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 72, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
    return check_resolver(resolver)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
    return check_method()
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 407, in check
    for pattern in self.url_patterns:
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 48, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 588, in url_patterns
    patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 48, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 581, in urlconf_module
    return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "C:\Users\philip\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load       
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked       
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 783, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\monzowebhook\urls.py", line 6, in <module>
    import core.views
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\core\views.py", line 9, in 
<module>
    from .serializers import TransactionSerializer
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\core\serializers.py", line 
10, in <module>
    class DataSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\core\serializers.py", line 
20, in DataSerializer
    merchant = serializers.ListField(child=MerchantSerializer)
  File "C:\Users\philip\CodeRepos\MonzoWebHook\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\fields.py", line 1646, in __init__
    assert not inspect.isclass(self.child), '`child` has not been instantiated.'
AssertionError: `child` has not been instantiated.

Answer 1

设置childs后需要加上括号。

data = serializers.ListField(child=DataSerializer())

merchant = serializers.ListField(child=MerchantSerializer())