python - 错误 : a bytes-like object is required, 不是 'str'

Question

我正在研究我在网上找到的一些代码。它在 Python 2 中。当我在 Python 3 中运行代码时，它给了我这个错误:需要一个类似字节的对象，而不是“str”。有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？非常感谢

import urllib.request as ur 
text = 
 ur.urlopen('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ryanmcdermott/trump-
speeches/master/speeches.txt')  
words = []  
for line in text:  
    line = line.decode('utf-8-sig', errors='ignore')
    line = line.encode('ascii', errors='ignore')
    line = line.replace('\r', ' ').replace('\n', ' ')
    new_words = line.split(' ')
    new_words = [word for word in new_words if word not in ['', ' ']]
    words = words + new_words

print('Corpus size: {0} words.'.format(len(words)))  

Answer 1

只需将 line 转换为 str 错误就会消失

line = line.replace('\r', ' ').replace('\n', ' ')

到

 line = str(line).replace('\r', ' ').replace('\n', ' ')