database - Oracle 数据库 : ORA. 01034:ORACLE 不可用

Question

我在 ubuntu 18.04 中安装了 oracle 12c r2，当我输入 SqlPlus 并执行查询时，出现错误。

为了安装 oracle，我遵循了这两个指南:

1- https://tutorialforlinux.com/2018/05/09/how-to-install-oracle-12c-r2-database-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-64bit-easy-guide/2- https://etc.to/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=20480023

给我的错误如下:

ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034:ORACLE not available
Process ID:0
Session ID: Serial numbre:0

监听器的状态 (lsnrctl status) 给我以下错误:

Connectinc to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST)(PORT=1521))
TNS-12541:TNS: no listener
tns-12560 TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux error:111: Connection refused

有人可以帮助我吗？谢谢!!

更多信息

现在，当我输入 lsnrctl status 时，我得到了这个，但是在 sqlplus 中，上面的失败仍然出现

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-OCT-2018 01:53:18

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                19-OCT-2018 01:52:14
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 5 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/andoni-VirtualBox/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=andoni-VirtualBox)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

启动错误:

    Enter user-name: sys as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12/dbhome_1/dbs/initSID.ora'
SQL>

Answer 1

编辑 tnsnames.ora 文件u01/app/oracle/product/12/client_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

MY_BASE_DEV =  (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS_LIST =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.2.1) (PORT = 1521))     )     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SERVICE_NAME = BASEDEV)     )   )MY_BASE_PROD =  (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS_LIST =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.2.2) (PORT = 1521))     )     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SERVICE_NAME = BASEPROD)     )   )