escaping - 如何在 UBOOT 控制台中使用带空格的参数？

Question

我正在尝试在 UBOOT 中使用“fatload”。它以文件路径作为参数。我无法通过任何空格。

示例输入:

fatload mmc 0:1 0x70800000 /somedir/file name with spaces.txt

结果:

reading /somedir/file

** Unable to read "/somedir/file" from mmc 0:1 **

我试过了

"/somedir/file name with spaces.txt"

'/somedir/file name with spaces.txt'

/somedir/file\ name\ with\ spaces.txt

甚至

setenv filepath /somedir/file name with spaces.txt

fatload ... ${filepath}

似乎没有任何效果!我考虑过临时更改文件名，但不知道是否可行？也许可以通过在某处直接写入 mmc 来完成 - 但我不知道写入会发生在哪里......

更新:

我觉得这个版本的uboot就是不能在任何参数中带空格!我已经包括了来自源头的专家。看来我需要好好解决一下! (除非这里有可以利用的技巧？)

这是运行 fatload/fatls 的相关 uboot 源代码。如何让 argv[4] 包含一个空格？

/*
 * (C) Copyright 2002
 * Richard Jones, rjones@nexus-tech.net
 *
 * See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
 * project.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
 * MA 02111-1307 USA
 */

/*
 * Boot support
 */
#include <common.h>
#include <command.h>
#include <s_record.h>
#include <net.h>
#include <ata.h>
#include <part.h>
#include <fat.h>


int do_fat_fsload (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
    long size;
    unsigned long offset;
    unsigned long count;
    char buf [12];
    block_dev_desc_t *dev_desc=NULL;
    int dev=0;
    int part=1;
    char *ep;

    if (argc < 5) {
        printf ("usage: fatload <interface> <dev[:part]> <addr> <filename> [bytes]\n");
        return 1;
    }
    dev = (int)simple_strtoul (argv[2], &ep, 16);
    dev_desc=get_dev(argv[1],dev);
    if (dev_desc==NULL) {
        puts ("\n** Invalid boot device **\n");
        return 1;
    }
    if (*ep) {
        if (*ep != ':') {
            puts ("\n** Invalid boot device, use `dev[:part]' **\n");
            return 1;
        }
        part = (int)simple_strtoul(++ep, NULL, 16);
    }
    if (fat_register_device(dev_desc,part)!=0) {
        printf ("\n** Unable to use %s %d:%d for fatload **\n",argv[1],dev,part);
        return 1;
    }
    offset = simple_strtoul (argv[3], NULL, 16);
    if (argc == 6)
        count = simple_strtoul (argv[5], NULL, 16);
    else
        count = 0;
    size = file_fat_read (argv[4], (unsigned char *) offset, count);

    if(size==-1) {
        printf("\n** Unable to read \"%s\" from %s %d:%d **\n",argv[4],argv[1],dev,part);
        return 1;
    }

    printf ("\n%ld bytes read\n", size);

    sprintf(buf, "%lX", size);
    setenv("filesize", buf);

    return 0;
}


U_BOOT_CMD(
    fatload,    6,  0,  do_fat_fsload,
    "load binary file from a dos filesystem",
    "<interface> <dev[:part]>  <addr> <filename> [bytes]\n"
    "    - load binary file 'filename' from 'dev' on 'interface'\n"
    "      to address 'addr' from dos filesystem"
);

int do_fat_ls (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char *filename = "/";
    int ret;
    int dev=0;
    int part=1;
    char *ep;
    block_dev_desc_t *dev_desc=NULL;

    if (argc < 3) {
        printf ("usage: fatls <interface> <dev[:part]> [directory]\n");
        return (0);
    }
    dev = (int)simple_strtoul (argv[2], &ep, 16);
    dev_desc=get_dev(argv[1],dev);
    if (dev_desc==NULL) {
        puts ("\n** Invalid boot device **\n");
        return 1;
    }
    if (*ep) {
        if (*ep != ':') {
            puts ("\n** Invalid boot device, use `dev[:part]' **\n");
            return 1;
        }
        part = (int)simple_strtoul(++ep, NULL, 16);
    }
    if (fat_register_device(dev_desc,part)!=0) {
        printf ("\n** Unable to use %s %d:%d for fatls **\n",argv[1],dev,part);
        return 1;
    }
    if (argc == 4)
        ret = file_fat_ls (argv[3]);
    else
        ret = file_fat_ls (filename);

    if(ret!=0)
        printf("No Fat FS detected\n");
    return (ret);
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
    fatls,  4,  1,  do_fat_ls,
    "list files in a directory (default /)",
    "<interface> <dev[:part]> [directory]\n"
    "    - list files from 'dev' on 'interface' in a 'directory'"
);

int do_fat_fsinfo (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int dev=0;
    int part=1;
    char *ep;
    block_dev_desc_t *dev_desc=NULL;

    if (argc < 2) {
        printf ("usage: fatinfo <interface> <dev[:part]>\n");
        return (0);
    }
    dev = (int)simple_strtoul (argv[2], &ep, 16);
    dev_desc=get_dev(argv[1],dev);
    if (dev_desc==NULL) {
        puts ("\n** Invalid boot device **\n");
        return 1;
    }
    if (*ep) {
        if (*ep != ':') {
            puts ("\n** Invalid boot device, use `dev[:part]' **\n");
            return 1;
        }
        part = (int)simple_strtoul(++ep, NULL, 16);
    }
    if (fat_register_device(dev_desc,part)!=0) {
        printf ("\n** Unable to use %s %d:%d for fatinfo **\n",argv[1],dev,part);
        return 1;
    }
    return (file_fat_detectfs ());
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
    fatinfo,    3,  1,  do_fat_fsinfo,
    "print information about filesystem",
    "<interface> <dev[:part]>\n"
    "    - print information about filesystem from 'dev' on 'interface'"
);

#ifdef NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET
/* find first device whose first partition is a DOS filesystem */
int find_fat_partition (void)
{
    int i, j;
    block_dev_desc_t *dev_desc;
    unsigned char *part_table;
    unsigned char buffer[ATA_BLOCKSIZE];

    for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_SYS_IDE_MAXDEVICE; i++) {
        dev_desc = ide_get_dev (i);
        if (!dev_desc) {
            debug ("couldn't get ide device!\n");
            return (-1);
        }
        if (dev_desc->part_type == PART_TYPE_DOS) {
            if (dev_desc->
                block_read (dev_desc->dev, 0, 1, (ulong *) buffer) != 1) {
                debug ("can't perform block_read!\n");
                return (-1);
            }
            part_table = &buffer[0x1be];    /* start with partition #4 */
            for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                if ((part_table[4] == 1 ||  /* 12-bit FAT */
                     part_table[4] == 4 ||  /* 16-bit FAT */
                     part_table[4] == 6) && /* > 32Meg part */
                    part_table[0] == 0x80) {    /* bootable? */
                    curr_dev = i;
                    part_offset = part_table[11];
                    part_offset <<= 8;
                    part_offset |= part_table[10];
                    part_offset <<= 8;
                    part_offset |= part_table[9];
                    part_offset <<= 8;
                    part_offset |= part_table[8];
                    debug ("found partition start at %ld\n", part_offset);
                    return (0);
                }
                part_table += 16;
            }
        }
    }

    debug ("no valid devices found!\n");
    return (-1);
}

int
do_fat_dump (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, bd_t *bd, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
    __u8 block[1024];
    int ret;
    int bknum;

    ret = 0;

    if (argc != 2) {
        printf ("needs an argument!\n");
        return (0);
    }

    bknum = simple_strtoul (argv[1], NULL, 10);

    if (disk_read (0, bknum, block) != 0) {
        printf ("Error: reading block\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf ("FAT dump: %d\n", bknum);
    hexdump (512, block);

    return (ret);
}

int disk_read (__u32 startblock, __u32 getsize, __u8 *bufptr)
{
    ulong tot;
    block_dev_desc_t *dev_desc;

    if (curr_dev < 0) {
        if (find_fat_partition () != 0)
            return (-1);
    }

    dev_desc = ide_get_dev (curr_dev);
    if (!dev_desc) {
        debug ("couldn't get ide device\n");
        return (-1);
    }

    tot = dev_desc->block_read (0, startblock + part_offset,
                    getsize, (ulong *) bufptr);

    /* should we do this here?
       flush_cache ((ulong)buf, cnt*ide_dev_desc[device].blksz);
     */

    if (tot == getsize)
        return (0);

    debug ("unable to read from device!\n");

    return (-1);
}


static int isprint (unsigned char ch)
{
    if (ch >= 32 && ch < 127)
        return (1);

    return (0);
}


void hexdump (int cnt, unsigned char *data)
{
    int i;
    int run;
    int offset;

    offset = 0;
    while (cnt) {
        printf ("%04X : ", offset);
        if (cnt >= 16)
            run = 16;
        else
            run = cnt;
        cnt -= run;
        for (i = 0; i < run; i++)
            printf ("%02X ", (unsigned int) data[i]);
        printf (": ");
        for (i = 0; i < run; i++)
            printf ("%c", isprint (data[i]) ? data[i] : '.');
        printf ("\n");
        data = &data[16];
        offset += run;
    }
}
#endif  /* NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET */

这里是运行uboot命令的源码:

int run_command (const char *cmd, int flag)
{
    cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp;
    char cmdbuf[CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE]; /* working copy of cmd      */
    char *token;            /* start of token in cmdbuf */
    char *sep;          /* end of token (separator) in cmdbuf */
    char finaltoken[CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE];
    char *str = cmdbuf;
    char *argv[CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS + 1]; /* NULL terminated  */
    int argc, inquotes;
    int repeatable = 1;
    int rc = 0;

#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
    printf ("[RUN_COMMAND] cmd[%p]=\"", cmd);
    puts (cmd ? cmd : "NULL");  /* use puts - string may be loooong */
    puts ("\"\n");
#endif

    clear_ctrlc();      /* forget any previous Control C */

    if (!cmd || !*cmd) {
        return -1;  /* empty command */
    }

    if (strlen(cmd) >= CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE) {
        puts ("## Command too long!\n");
        return -1;
    }

    strcpy (cmdbuf, cmd);

    /* Process separators and check for invalid
     * repeatable commands
     */

#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
    printf ("[PROCESS_SEPARATORS] %s\n", cmd);
#endif
    while (*str) {

        /*
         * Find separator, or string end
         * Allow simple escape of ';' by writing "\;"
         */
        for (inquotes = 0, sep = str; *sep; sep++) {
            if ((*sep=='\'') &&
                (*(sep-1) != '\\'))
                inquotes=!inquotes;

            if (!inquotes &&
                (*sep == ';') &&    /* separator        */
                ( sep != str) &&    /* past string start    */
                (*(sep-1) != '\\')) /* and NOT escaped  */
                break;
        }

        /*
         * Limit the token to data between separators
         */
        token = str;
        if (*sep) {
            str = sep + 1;  /* start of command for next pass */
            *sep = '\0';
        }
        else
            str = sep;  /* no more commands for next pass */
#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
        printf ("token: \"%s\"\n", token);
#endif

        /* find macros in this token and replace them */
        process_macros (token, finaltoken);

        /* Extract arguments */
        if ((argc = parse_line (finaltoken, argv)) == 0) {
            rc = -1;    /* no command at all */
            continue;
        }

        /* Look up command in command table */
        if ((cmdtp = find_cmd(argv[0])) == NULL) {
            printf ("Unknown command '%s' - try 'help'\n", argv[0]);
            rc = -1;    /* give up after bad command */
            continue;
        }

        /* found - check max args */
        if (argc > cmdtp->maxargs) {
            cmd_usage(cmdtp);
            rc = -1;
            continue;
        }

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD)
        /* avoid "bootd" recursion */
        if (cmdtp->cmd == do_bootd) {
#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
            printf ("[%s]\n", finaltoken);
#endif
            if (flag & CMD_FLAG_BOOTD) {
                puts ("'bootd' recursion detected\n");
                rc = -1;
                continue;
            } else {
                flag |= CMD_FLAG_BOOTD;
            }
        }
#endif

        /* OK - call function to do the command */
        if ((cmdtp->cmd) (cmdtp, flag, argc, argv) != 0) {
            rc = -1;
        }

        repeatable &= cmdtp->repeatable;

        /* Did the user stop this? */
        if (had_ctrlc ())
            return -1;  /* if stopped then not repeatable */
    }

    return rc ? rc : repeatable;
}

/****************************************************************************/

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_RUN)
int do_run (cmd_tbl_t * cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int i;

    if (argc < 2) {
        cmd_usage(cmdtp);
        return 1;
    }

    for (i=1; i<argc; ++i) {
        char *arg;

        if ((arg = getenv (argv[i])) == NULL) {
            printf ("## Error: \"%s\" not defined\n", argv[i]);
            return 1;
        }
#ifndef CONFIG_SYS_HUSH_PARSER
        if (run_command (arg, flag) == -1)
            return 1;
#else
        if (parse_string_outer(arg,
            FLAG_PARSE_SEMICOLON | FLAG_EXIT_FROM_LOOP) != 0)
            return 1;
#endif
    }
    return 0;
}
#endif

下面是命令参数的解析:

int parse_line (char *line, char *argv[])
{
    int nargs = 0;

#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
    printf ("parse_line: \"%s\"\n", line);
#endif
    while (nargs < CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS) {

        /* skip any white space */
        while ((*line == ' ') || (*line == '\t')) {
            ++line;
        }

        if (*line == '\0') {    /* end of line, no more args    */
            argv[nargs] = NULL;
#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
        printf ("parse_line: nargs=%d\n", nargs);
#endif
            return (nargs);
        }

        argv[nargs++] = line;   /* begin of argument string */

        /* find end of string */
        while (*line && (*line != ' ') && (*line != '\t')) {
            ++line;
        }

        if (*line == '\0') {    /* end of line, no more args    */
            argv[nargs] = NULL;
#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
        printf ("parse_line: nargs=%d\n", nargs);
#endif
            return (nargs);
        }

        *line++ = '\0';     /* terminate current arg     */
    }

    printf ("** Too many args (max. %d) **\n", CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS);

#ifdef DEBUG_PARSER
    printf ("parse_line: nargs=%d\n", nargs);
#endif
    return (nargs);
}

Answer 1

好吧，我开始对磁盘 FAT 进行十六进制编辑，当我阅读短文件名和长文件名条目时，我突然明白了——尝试使用短文件名的 fatload 或 fatls 等怎么样？!我试过了，它奏效了!

诀窍是找出在所有不同条件下相应的短名称是什么(因为我看不出直接列出它的方法)，但我正在研究逻辑。

这个答案不会给你一个剪切/粘贴，但如果你必须处理同样的问题，它会让你走上正确的道路(坏双关语!)。