spring - 如何为多个测试类加载一次应用程序上下文

Question

我有两个测试类

public class Test_1 {

    @Autowired
    private Gson gson;

    @Test 
    public void test_1_1 () {
        assertNotNull(gson);
    }
}

public class Test_2 {

    @Autowired
    private Gson gson;

    @Test 
    public void test_2_1 () {
        assertNotNull(gson);
    }
}

两者都需要spring application Context。但是，我不想在两个类上都给 @RnWith(SpringRunner.class) & @ContextConfiguration(classes = {Config.class)}) 一次初始化应用程序上下文。同时我应该能够运行单个(通过 eclipse 的任何测试)测试。这可能吗。

经历了这个:test suite inside spring context .但它加载了应用程序上下文，但在 Test_1 或 Test_2 中不可用(gson 为空)。

Answer 1

Yes, this is perfectly possible. All you have to do is to use the same locations attribute in your test classes:

@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:test-context.xml") Spring caches application contexts by locations attribute so if the same locations appears for the second time, Spring uses the same context rather than creating a new one.

I wrote an article about this feature: Speeding up Spring integration tests. Also it is described in details in Spring documentation: 9.3.2.1 Context management and caching.

This has an interesting implication. Because Spring does not know when JUnit is done, it caches all context forever and closes them using JVM shutdown hook. This behavior (especially when you have a lot of test classes with different locations) might lead to excessive memory usage, memory leaks, etc. Another advantage of caching context.

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