python - pip install pycairo 在 osx : 'pkg-config' search path problems 上失败

Question

我一直在尝试在 mac os x 上安装 pycairo。我收到一条错误消息，

最初我得到的是 'pkg-config' not found。通过 brew 安装后，我得到 Package cairo was not found in the pkg-config search path。原则上我可以尝试编辑搜索路径，但由于这是通过 pip，我希望这一切都得到了处理。有没有办法告诉 pip 把东西放在 pkg-config 知道要看的地方？

这是完整的消息。

> pip install pycairo
Collecting pycairo
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/48/20/5e83af98eb897935bf7dc39455e892ba866feebb9b7c3b392982866f9958/pycairo-1.18.1.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: pycairo
  Building wheel for pycairo (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Complete output from command /Applications/anaconda/bin/python -u -c 'import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/f2/bzrj46j11gzdk19j91tp1sq80000gq/T/pip-install-lahb8lq4/pycairo/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/f2/bzrj46j11gzdk19j91tp1sq80000gq/T/pip-wheel-scnvplas --python-tag cp36:
  ERROR: running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6
  creating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/cairo
  copying cairo/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/cairo
  copying cairo/__init__.pyi -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/cairo
  copying cairo/py.typed -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/cairo
  running build_ext
  Package cairo was not found in the pkg-config search path.
  Perhaps you should add the directory containing `cairo.pc'
  to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
  No package 'cairo' found
  Command '['pkg-config', '--print-errors', '--exists', 'cairo >= 1.13.1']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pycairo

如果我使用 pip 安装旧版本，我会得到同样的错误。

这里有一个类似的问题:How can I fix the problem when installing pycairo on windows? ，但它与 Windows 有关，并且错误看起来与我不同(而且我对答案不满意)。

关于如何解决这个问题有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

我也遇到了这个问题。

我用的是Q4OS(Debian)，没有brew。

以下是我设法解决此问题的这些步骤。

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install -y pkg-config
sudo apt-get install libcairo2-dev libjpeg-dev libgif-dev
sudo pip install pycairo