php - 找不到驱动程序 Debian SQL Server PHP

Question

我在 Debian 9.9 服务器和 PHP 7.4 上运行了 Laravel 安装。

我需要连接到远程 Windows 服务器上的 SQL Server 数据库。

我按照本指南安装了 PHP 扩展: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/php/installation-tutorial-linux-mac?view=sql-server-ver15#installing-the-drivers-on-debian-8-9-and-10

这一个用于安装 ODBC 驱动程序: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/odbc/linux-mac/installing-the-microsoft-odbc-driver-for-sql-server?view=sql-server-ver15

我也试过重新安装 PHP。

但即使做了所有这些，我仍然无法连接到数据库并得到这个错误:

could not find driver (SQL: select * from [table] where [column] = 123)

谢谢

编辑

这是在 phpinfo() 的结果中提到 PDO 的行

PDO support => enabled
PDO drivers => mysql, sqlsrv

pdo_sqlsrv

pdo_sqlsrv support => enabled
ExtensionVer => 5.8.0

Directive => Local Value => Master Value
sqlsrv.ClientBufferMaxKBSize => 10240 => 10240
sqlsrv.LogSeverity => 0 => 0
sqlsrv.LogSubsystems => 0 => 0
sqlsrv.SetLocaleInfo => 2 => 2
sqlsrv.WarningsReturnAsErrors => On => On

php --ini 显示启用了这两个扩展:
/etc/php/7.4/cli/conf.d/pdo_sqlsrv.ini,
/etc/php/7.4/cli/conf.d/sqlsrv.ini

PDO::getAvailableDrivers() 返回以下内容:

Array
(
    [0] => mysql
    [1] => sqlsrv
)

Answer 1

Debian 9/10

安装 Sury APT 库

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y lsb-release ca-certificates apt-transport-https software-properties-common
echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sury-php.list
wget -qO - https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt update

安装你想要的 php 版本

sudo apt install php7.2  php7.4  php8.0

安装额外的所需模块(用版本更改 x.x)

sudo apt install phpx.x-{mysql,cli,common,imap,ldap,xml,fpm,curl,mbstring,zip}

对于 php 7.2:

sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.2
sudo update-alternatives --set phar /usr/bin/phar7.2
sudo update-alternatives --set phar.phar /usr/bin/phar.phar7.2
sudo update-alternatives --set phpize /usr/bin/phpize7.2
sudo update-alternatives --set php-config /usr/bin/php-config7.2

sudo apt install php7.2-dev

sudo pecl config-set php_ini /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini
sudo pecl config-set ext_dir /usr/lib/php/20170718/

sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.2 install sqlsrv
sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.2 install pdo_sqlsrv
sudo su
printf "; priority=20\nextension=sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/sqlsrv.ini
printf "; priority=30\nextension=pdo_sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/pdo_sqlsrv.ini
exit
sudo phpenmod -s fpm -v 7.2 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv
sudo phpenmod -s apache2 -v 7.2 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv
sudo phpenmod -s cli -v 7.2 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv

sudo service php7.2-fpm restart
sudo service apache2 restart

对于 php 7.4:

sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.4
sudo update-alternatives --set phar /usr/bin/phar7.4
sudo update-alternatives --set phar.phar /usr/bin/phar.phar7.4
sudo update-alternatives --set phpize /usr/bin/phpize7.4
sudo update-alternatives --set php-config /usr/bin/php-config7.4

sudo apt install php7.4-dev

sudo pecl config-set php_ini /etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini
sudo pecl config-set ext_dir /usr/lib/php/20190902

sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.4 install sqlsrv
sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.4 install pdo_sqlsrv
sudo su
printf "; priority=20\nextension=sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.4/mods-available/sqlsrv.ini
printf "; priority=30\nextension=pdo_sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/7.4/mods-available/pdo_sqlsrv.ini
exit
sudo phpenmod -s fpm -v 7.4 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv
sudo phpenmod -s apache2 -v 7.4 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv
sudo phpenmod -s cli -v 7.4 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv

sudo service php7.4-fpm restart
sudo service apache2 restart

对于 php 8.0:

sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php8.0
sudo update-alternatives --set phar /usr/bin/phar8.0
sudo update-alternatives --set phar.phar /usr/bin/phar.phar8.0
sudo update-alternatives --set phpize /usr/bin/phpize8.0
sudo update-alternatives --set php-config /usr/bin/php-config8.0

sudo apt install php8.0-dev

sudo pecl config-set php_ini /etc/php/8.0/fpm/php.ini
sudo pecl config-set ext_dir /usr/lib/php/20200930

sudo pecl -d php_sufix=8.0 install sqlsrv
sudo pecl -d php_sufix=8.0 install pdo_sqlsrv
sudo su
printf "; priority=20\nextension=sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/8.0/mods-available/sqlsrv.ini
printf "; priority=30\nextension=pdo_sqlsrv.so\n" > /etc/php/8.0/mods-available/pdo_sqlsrv.ini
exit
sudo phpenmod -s fpm -v 8.0 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv
sudo phpenmod -s apache2 -v 8.0 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv
sudo phpenmod -s cli -v 8.0 sqlsrv pdo_sqlsrv

sudo service php8.0-fpm restart
sudo service apache2 restart

检查加载的模块

php -m

或者只检查sqlsrv

php -m | grep sqlsrv

常见问题:

pecl 扩展失败，因为已经安装

只需卸载它:

sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.2 uninstall sqlsrv
sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.2 uninstall pdo_sqlsrv

sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.4 uninstall sqlsrv
sudo pecl -d php_sufix=7.4 uninstall pdo_sqlsrv

sudo pecl -d php_sufix=8.0 uninstall sqlsrv
sudo pecl -d php_sufix=8.0 uninstall pdo_sqlsrv

然后再试一次。