database - 在 kubernetes 中部署 postgres 时，用户和数据库未通过环境变量初始化

Question

当我尝试在 kubernetes 上部署 postgres 时，我通过创建 configmap 和 secret 文件填充了所有必需的环境变量，例如 POSTGRES_USER、POSTGRES_PASSWORD、POSTGRES_DATABASE 等。容器已成功部署，我可以通过“kubectl exec”命令打开其终端。当我运行“env”命令时，可以看到部署期间提供的所有环境变量都已相应地成功设置。但是当我尝试运行时:

psql -U testuser -d testdb

它给出了两种类型的错误:

psql: 无法连接到服务器:致命:角色 'testuser' 不存在

psql: 无法连接到服务器:致命:数据库 'testdb' 不存在

经过大量研究，我发现即使设置了环境变量，用户和数据库也没有初始化。因此，我创建了一个 init.sql 文件并将其添加到 docker-entrypoint-initdb.d 以构建自定义镜像，将其推送到 docker hub 并通过该镜像在 kubernetes 中部署 postgres。

init.sql文件内容:

CREATE USER testuser WITH SUPERUSER PASSWORD test;

CREATE DATABASE testdb;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE testdb TO testuser; 

Dockerfile 内容:

FROM postgres:latest

ADD init.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/

EXPOSE 5432

仍然，我得到了同样的错误。用户和数据库未初始化...请帮我解决这个问题

更新:

日志:

PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization

2020-04-15 09:50:06.855 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 12.2 (Debian 12.2-2.pgdg100+1) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 8.3.0-6) 8.3.0, 64-bit
2020-04-15 09:50:06.855 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-04-15 09:50:06.855 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-04-15 09:50:07.000 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-04-15 09:50:07.204 UTC [26] LOG:  database system was interrupted; last known up at 2020-04-15 09:50:02 UTC
2020-04-15 09:50:07.781 UTC [26] LOG:  database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
2020-04-15 09:50:07.815 UTC [26] LOG:  invalid record length at 0/16453B0: wanted 24, got 0
2020-04-15 09:50:07.815 UTC [26] LOG:  redo is not required
2020-04-15 09:50:08.034 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

这里已经提到'Skipping initialization'

Answer 1

你能试试这个 shell 脚本吗？文件名:init-user-db.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -e

psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 --username "$POSTGRES_USER" --dbname "$POSTGRES_DB" <<-EOSQL
    CREATE USER docker;
    CREATE DATABASE docker;
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE docker TO docker;
EOSQL

Docker 文件是这样的

FROM postgres:latest

ADD init-user-db.sh /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init-user-db.sh

EXPOSE 5432

编辑:1

apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: StatefulSet
    metadata:
    spec:
      podManagementPolicy: OrderedReady
      replicas: 1
      revisionHistoryLimit: 10
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: postgres
      serviceName: postgres
      template:
        metadata:
          creationTimestamp: null
          labels:
            app: postgres
        spec:
          containers:
          - env:
            - name: POSTGRES_USER
              value: root
            - name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
              value: <Password>
            - name: POSTGRES_DB
              value: <DB name>
            - name: PGDATA
              value: /var/lib/postgresql/data/pgdata
            image: postgres:9.5
            imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
            name: postgres
            ports:
            - containerPort: 5432
              protocol: TCP
            resources: {}
            terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
            terminationMessagePolicy: File
            volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
              name: postgres-data
              subPath: pgdata
          dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
          restartPolicy: Always
          schedulerName: default-scheduler
          securityContext: {}
          terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
      updateStrategy:
        rollingUpdate:
          partition: 0
        type: RollingUpdate
      volumeClaimTemplates:
      - metadata:
          creationTimestamp: null
          name: postgres-data
        spec:
          accessModes:
          - ReadWriteOnce
          resources:
            requests:
              storage: 3Gi
          volumeMode: Filesystem
        status:
          phase: Pending