bash - 如何将文本与 printf 对齐到具有非 ascii 字符的列中？

Question

即使使用非 ascii 字符，我如何使 printf 将值对齐到列中？

以下命令应将第二个和第三个参数中的值对齐到固定的 20 个字符宽度:

printf "%-20s %-20s\n" "Foo" "Bar"
printf "%-20s %-20s\n" "Fooo" "Bar"
printf "%-20s %-20s\n" "Foooó" "Bar"
printf "%-20s %-20s\n" "Foooóó" "Bar"

我希望打印以下内容:

Foo                  Bar
Fooo                 Bar
Foooó                Bar
Foooóó               Bar

实际上，这是打印出来的:

Foo                  Bar
Fooo                 Bar
Foooó               Bar
Foooóó             Bar

出于某种原因，任何非 ascii 字符(例如我示例中的 ó)都会将列缩短 1 个字符。

Answer 1

非 ascii 字符，例如ó 不像单宽字符的 ASCII 那样打印。

一种解决方案是在 printf 中的两个字符串之间使用 tab 字符并将输出管道输出到 column:

prnt() {
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Foo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Foooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fooooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Foooooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fooooooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Foooooooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fooooooooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Foooooooooo" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóóóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóóóóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóóóóóóó" "Bar"
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" "Fóóóóóóóóóó" "Bar"
}
 
prnt | column -t -s $'\t'

Online Demo

输出:

Foo                   Bar                 
Fooo                  Bar                 
Foooo                 Bar                 
Fooooo                Bar                 
Foooooo               Bar                 
Fooooooo              Bar                 
Foooooooo             Bar                 
Fooooooooo            Bar                 
Foooooooooo           Bar                 
Fóó                   Bar                 
Fóóó                  Bar                 
Fóóóó                 Bar                 
Fóóóóó                Bar                 
Fóóóóóó               Bar                 
Fóóóóóóó              Bar                 
Fóóóóóóóó             Bar                 
Fóóóóóóóóó            Bar                 
Fóóóóóóóóóó           Bar