regex - 使用正则表达式匹配不包含特定单词的句子

Question

尝试开发一个正则表达式来提取不包含特定单词的句子。为了简单起见，我在这里举一个简单的例子:

输入:矢状位侦察图像颈胸:轻度至中度多节段脊椎病。存在骨折。

期望的输出:存在骨折。

尝试#1

正则表达式:[^.]*(?!cervi(c|x))[^.]*\.

实际输出:矢状位侦察图像颈胸:轻度至中度多节段脊椎病。存在骨折。

尝试#2:

正则表达式:[^.]*[^(cervi(c|x))][^.]*\.

实际输出:矢状位侦察图像颈胸:轻度至中度多节段脊椎病。存在骨折。

可以在 https://regexr.com/ 中验证这些结果

Answer 1

使用

(?<![^.])\s*((?:(?!cervi[cx])[^.])*\.)

参见 proof

解释

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (?<!                     look behind to see if there is not:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [^.]                     any character except: '.'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of look-behind
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \1:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (?:                      group, but do not capture (0 or more
                             times (matching the most amount
                             possible)):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      (?!                      look ahead to see if there is not:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        cervi                    'cervi'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [cx]                     any character of: 'c', 'x'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      )                        end of look-ahead
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      [^.]                     any character except: '.'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    )*                       end of grouping
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \.                       '.'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \1