python - 单击几下后“update_layout”无法正常工作

Question

我有一个下拉菜单，我可以在其中为散点图选择 x 轴和 y 轴变量。此外，可以在菜单中选择一个分类变量，指示如何为点着色。这似乎适用于几次点击，但随后我在悬停框中得到了 '%{customdata[0]}'，而且 plotly 不正确。我在 JupyterLab3 中使用 plotly 5.9.0。为了能够为着色选择分类变量，我使用了轨迹。下面是一个可重现的例子:

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import plotly.express as px
import plotly.graph_objects as go

X = pd.DataFrame({  'num1': [1,2,3,4],
                    'num2': [40,30,20,10],
                    'num3': [0,1,2,3],
                    'cat1': ['A', 'A', 'A', 'B'],
                    'cat2': ['c', 's', 's', 's'],
                    'cat3': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']})

numerical_features   = sorted(X.select_dtypes(include=np.number).columns.tolist())
categorical_features = sorted(list(set(X.columns) - set(numerical_features)))

feature_1 = numerical_features[0]
feature_2 = numerical_features[1]

fig = go.Figure()

for categorical_feature_id in range(len(categorical_features)):

    fig.add_traces(list(px.scatter(X, x=feature_1, y=feature_2, color=categorical_features[categorical_feature_id],
                                         labels={feature_1:feature_1, feature_2:feature_2},
                                         hover_data=['cat3', 'num3']).select_traces()))

fig.update_layout(
        xaxis_title=feature_1,
        yaxis_title=feature_2,
        updatemenus=[
            {
                "buttons": [
                    {
                        "label": f"x - {x}",
                        "method": "update",
                        "args": [
                            {"x": [X[x]]},
                            {"xaxis": {"title": x}},
                        ],
                    }
                    for x in numerical_features
                ]
            },
            {
                "buttons": [
                    {
                        "label": f"y - {y}",
                        "method": "update",
                        "args": [
                            {"y": [X[y]]},
                            {"yaxis": {"title": y}}
                        ],
                    }
                    for y in numerical_features
                ],
                "y": 0.8,
            },
            {
                "buttons": [
                    {
                        "label": f"z - {categorical_features[categorical_feature_id]}",
                        "method": "update",
                        "args": [{'visible':    [False if (i<categorical_feature_id) or (i>categorical_feature_id) else True for i in range(len(categorical_features))]},
                                 {'showlegend': [False if (i<categorical_feature_id) or (i>categorical_feature_id) else True for i in range(len(categorical_features))]}]
                    }
                    for categorical_feature_id in range(len(categorical_features))
                ],
                "y": 0.6,
            }])
fig.show()

An example of how the figure looks after a few updates

已针对 R 讨论了类似的问题:

Dropdown menu for changing the color attribute of data in scatter plot (Plotly R)

如有任何帮助，我将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您好，我稍微更新了您的代码。

我认为这里必须进行数据转换。

我用 go.Scatter() 切换了 px.scatter 现在悬停框似乎可以工作了。

我希望这能解决问题。

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import plotly.graph_objects as go
from collections import defaultdict

X = pd.DataFrame({  'num1': [1,2,3,4],
                    'num2': [40,30,20,10],
                    'num3': [0,1,2,3],
                    'cat1': ['A', 'A', 'A', 'B'],
                    'cat2': ['c', 's', 's', 's'],
                    'cat3': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']})

numerical_features   = sorted(X.select_dtypes(include=np.number).columns.tolist())
categorical_features = sorted(list(set(X.columns) - set(numerical_features)))

dfs_list = []

for categorical_feature in categorical_features:
    features = numerical_features.copy()
    features.append(categorical_feature)
    dfs_list.append(X[features].copy())

unique_classes = list(pd.unique(X[categorical_features].values.ravel()))
dict_cat_color = {unique_classes[i] : 'rgb' + str(sns.color_palette(n_colors=len(unique_classes))[i])
                  for i in range(len(unique_classes))}

features_w_cat = numerical_features.copy()
features_w_cat.append('cat')

for x in dfs_list:
    x.columns  = features_w_cat
    x["color"] = x.cat.map(dict_cat_color)

orDict = defaultdict(list)

fig = go.Figure()

# Workaround for the legend: Adding empty scatter plots with customized color and text

for key in dict_cat_color.keys():

    fig.add_traces(go.Scatter(
        x             = [None],
        y             = [None],
        name          = key,
        marker_color  = dict_cat_color[key],
        mode          = "markers",
        showlegend    = True
    ))
    
    for categorical_feature in categorical_features:
        
        if key in X[categorical_feature].unique():
            orDict[categorical_feature].append(True)
        else:
            orDict[categorical_feature].append(False)

for index,df in enumerate(dfs_list):
    
    fig.add_traces(go.Scatter(
        x             = [None],
        y             = [None],
        marker_color  = df["color"],
        customdata    = df.loc[:, ["num1","num2","num3","cat"]],
        mode          = "markers",
        hovertemplate = 'num1=%{customdata[0]}<br>num2=%{customdata[1]}<br>num3=%{customdata[2]}<br>cat=%{customdata[3]}',
        showlegend    = False
    ))

fig.update_layout(
        xaxis_title = '',
        yaxis_title = '',
        updatemenus = [
            {
                "buttons": [
                    {
                        "label": f"x - {x}",
                        "method": "update",
                        "args": [
                            {"x": [X[x]]},
                            {"xaxis": {"title": x}},
                        ],
                    }
                    for x in numerical_features
                ]
            },
            {
                "buttons": [
                    {
                        "label": f"y - {y}",
                        "method": "update",
                        "args": [
                            {"y": [X[y]]},
                            {"yaxis": {"title": y}}
                        ],
                    }
                    for y in numerical_features
                ],
                "y": 0.8,
            },
            {
                "buttons": [
                    {
                        "label": f"z - {categorical_features[categorical_feature_id]}",
                        "method": "update",
                        "args": [{'visible': orDict[categorical_features[categorical_feature_id]] + [False if (i<categorical_feature_id) or (i>categorical_feature_id) else True for i in range(len(categorical_features))]}],
                    }
                    for categorical_feature_id in range(len(categorical_features))
                ],
                "y": 0.6,
            }])

fig.show()