postgresql - PostgresQL 14 物化 View 不更新-6ren

postgresql - PostgresQL 14 物化 View 不更新

转载作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-12-05 05:33:31

我有 20 多个物化 View ，我将它们用作一些预先计算好的缓存，用于许多操作。每天凌晨 3 点，我都会与外部源进行自动同步，然后是一系列令人耳目一新的物化 View 。

这就是奇怪的地方。每天早上，在工作日的开始，我执行

SELECT * FROM dbo.materialized_view

然后执行实际实体化 View 的查询(在 CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW 期间指定)。

我得到了不同的结果。

同步过程在凌晨 3:10 左右完成后，数据库源不会更改。最初，REFRESH SQL 查询是在事务提交后从同一个 Java 同步进程中执行的，但由于这不起作用，我在凌晨 4 点创建了一个 cron 作业做同样的事情。那仍然没有帮助。

只要我在早上(早上 6 点到 7 点左右)手动刷新 View ，结果就会更新

关于物化 View 的刷新方式，我是否遗漏了一些非常奇怪的东西？

更新:

这是我刷新的物化 View 之一:

create materialized view dbo.ind_newborn_daily as
SELECT dt.date_time::DATE   AS date,
       s.source_id          AS staff_id,
       b.status,
       COUNT(DISTINCT b.id) AS count
FROM dbo.newborn nb
         JOIN dbo.date_time dt ON nb.created_datetime_id = dt.id
         JOIN dbo.staff s ON nb.staff_id = s.id
         JOIN dbo.baby b ON nb.baby_id = b.id
WHERE nb.current = TRUE
GROUP BY CUBE ((dt.date_time::DATE), s.source_id, b.status);

我通过以下方式更新它:

REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.ind_newborn_daily;

更新2

查看 Postgres 语句日志后，我发现刷新语句已执行。不过，我没有提到它们是由并行工作队列(4 个线程)处理的。

因此，每个刷新语句都包含在一个单独的事务中，并且这些转换在日志中有些交织在一起:

2022-09-24 03:06:36.679 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17629,"127.0.0.1:44326",632e581c.44dd,3,"BEGIN",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,5/78,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: BEGIN",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.679 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17629,"127.0.0.1:44326",632e581c.44dd,4,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,5/78,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.695 CEST,,,17579,,632e581b.44ab,1,,2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,13/3,6157,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp17579.0"", size 3219456",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view2",,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","parallel worker",17570,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.696 CEST,,,17578,,632e581b.44aa,1,,2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,12/3,6157,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp17578.0"", size 4087808",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view2",,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","parallel worker",17570,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.713 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17631,"127.0.0.1:44330",632e581c.44df,1,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,6/29,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET extra_float_digits = 3",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.713 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17631,"127.0.0.1:44330",632e581c.44df,2,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,6/30,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = 'PostgreSQL JDBC Driver'",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.713 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17631,"127.0.0.1:44330",632e581c.44df,3,"BEGIN",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,6/31,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: BEGIN",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.713 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17631,"127.0.0.1:44330",632e581c.44df,4,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,6/31,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view3",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.737 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17570,"127.0.0.1:44232",632e581b.44a2,5,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,7/7,6157,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp17570.2"", size 4038656",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view2",,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.838 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17615,"127.0.0.1:44304",632e581c.44cf,5,"COMMIT",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,4/189,6177,LOG,00000,"execute S_1: COMMIT",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.968 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17570,"127.0.0.1:44232",632e581b.44a2,6,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,7/7,6157,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp17570.4"", size 2703360",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view2",,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:36.992 CEST,"XZY","XZYdb",17631,"127.0.0.1:44330",632e581c.44df,5,"COMMIT",2022-09-24 03:06:36 CEST,6/31,6183,LOG,00000,"execute S_1: COMMIT",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0

稍后，在凌晨 4 点，开始执行 cron 作业，它是同步的(一次一个 View )，尽管我没有将它们包装在事务中:

2022-09-24 04:00:08.866 CEST,"postgres","Xdb",20646,"[local]",632e64a1.50a6,422,"idle",2022-09-24 04:00:01 CEST,3/2638,0,LOG,00000,"statement: REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,,,,,,,"psql","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 04:00:09.842 CEST,,,20662,,632e64a8.50b6,1,,2022-09-24 04:00:08 CEST,5/93,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20662.0"", size 3620864",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","parallel worker",20646,0
2022-09-24 04:00:09.842 CEST,,,20661,,632e64a8.50b5,1,,2022-09-24 04:00:08 CEST,4/208,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20661.0"", size 3612672",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","parallel worker",20646,0
2022-09-24 04:00:09.875 CEST,"postgres","Xdb",20646,"[local]",632e64a1.50a6,423,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 04:00:01 CEST,3/2638,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20646.42"", size 4554752",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 04:00:10.354 CEST,"postgres","Xdb",20646,"[local]",632e64a1.50a6,424,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 04:00:01 CEST,3/2638,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20646.41"", size 10829824",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 04:00:10.687 CEST,"postgres","Xdb",20646,"[local]",632e64a1.50a6,425,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 04:00:01 CEST,3/2638,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20646.8.sharedfileset/i2of16.p0.0"", size 655360",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","client backend",,0
...
...
2022-09-24 04:00:10.701 CEST,"postgres","Xdb",20646,"[local]",632e64a1.50a6,518,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 04:00:01 CEST,3/2638,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20646.43"", size 10829824",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 04:00:10.702 CEST,"postgres","Xdb",20646,"[local]",632e64a1.50a6,519,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 04:00:01 CEST,3/2638,6269,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp20646.40"", size 3588096",,,,,,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW dbo.view1;",,,"psql","client backend",,0

如您所见，日志中充斥着大量临时文件的使用，但我预料到了这些，因为 View 很大。

现在来自 DataGrip 的手动刷新时间为上午 8:11:

2022-09-24 08:11:04.997 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,1,"SET",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3703,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET extra_float_digits = 3",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:05.034 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,2,"SET",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3704,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = ''",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:05.063 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,3,"SELECT",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3705,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: select version()",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:05.096 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,4,"SET",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3706,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = 'DataGrip 2022.2.4'",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:05.172 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,5,"SHOW",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3708,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SHOW TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL",,,,,,,,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:05.232 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,6,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3709,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,,,,,,,"DataGrip2022.2.4","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:06.236 CEST,,,1089,,632e9f79.441,1,,2022-09-24 08:11:05 CEST,4/274,6372,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp1089.0"", size 3604480",,,,,,"refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","parallel worker",1088,0
2022-09-24 08:11:06.237 CEST,,,1090,,632e9f79.442,1,,2022-09-24 08:11:05 CEST,5/147,6372,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp1090.0"", size 3645440",,,,,,"refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","parallel worker",1088,0
2022-09-24 08:11:06.263 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,7,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3709,6372,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp1088.2"", size 4554752",,,,,,"refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:06.742 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,8,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3709,6372,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp1088.1"", size 10829824",,,,,,"refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","client backend",,0
...
...
2022-09-24 08:11:07.072 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,102,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3709,6372,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp1088.3"", size 10829824",,,,,,"refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 08:11:07.072 CEST,"X","Xdb",1088,"127.0.0.1:44432",632e9f78.440,103,"REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW",2022-09-24 08:11:04 CEST,3/3709,6372,LOG,00000,"temporary file: path ""base/pgsql_tmp/pgsql_tmp1088.0"", size 3579904",,,,,,"refresh materialized view dbo.view1",,,"DataGrip 2022.2.4","client backend",,0

到目前为止我发现的唯一区别是基于 Java 的刷新和手动刷新都具有:

execute <unnamed>: REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW

而来自 cron-job 的只有:

statement: REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW

更新#3

2022-09-24 03:00:00.814 CEST,"X","Xdb",17112,"127.0.0.1:44060",632e5690.42d8,1,"SET",2022-09-24 03:00:00 CEST,3/2370,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET extra_float_digits = 3",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:00:00.815 CEST,"X","Xdb",17112,"127.0.0.1:44060",632e5690.42d8,2,"SET",2022-09-24 03:00:00 CEST,3/2371,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = 'PostgreSQL JDBC Driver'",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:00:00.815 CEST,"X","Xdb",17112,"127.0.0.1:44060",632e5690.42d8,3,"SHOW",2022-09-24 03:00:00 CEST,3/2372,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SHOW TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:00:00.815 CEST,"X","Xdb",17112,"127.0.0.1:44060",632e5690.42d8,4,"SET",2022-09-24 03:00:00 CEST,3/2373,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
...
After a while sync job completes
...
2022-09-24 03:06:35.311 CEST,"X","Xdb",17112,"127.0.0.1:44060",632e5690.42d8,77697,"COMMIT",2022-09-24 03:00:00 CEST,3/2374,6153,LOG,00000,"execute S_35: COMMIT",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.322 CEST,"X","Xdb",17112,"127.0.0.1:44060",632e5690.42d8,77698,"SET",2022-09-24 03:00:00 CEST,3/2375,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.355 CEST,"X","Xdb",17568,"127.0.0.1:44228",632e581b.44a0,1,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,4/171,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET extra_float_digits = 3",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.355 CEST,"X","Xdb",17568,"127.0.0.1:44228",632e581b.44a0,2,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,4/172,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = 'PostgreSQL JDBC Driver'",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.355 CEST,"X","Xdb",17571,"127.0.0.1:44234",632e581b.44a3,1,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,6/17,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET extra_float_digits = 3",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.355 CEST,"X","Xdb",17571,"127.0.0.1:44234",632e581b.44a3,2,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,6/18,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = 'PostgreSQL JDBC Driver'",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.355 CEST,"X","Xdb",17569,"127.0.0.1:44230",632e581b.44a1,1,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,5/48,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET extra_float_digits = 3",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.356 CEST,"X","Xdb",17569,"127.0.0.1:44230",632e581b.44a1,2,"SET",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,5/49,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: SET application_name = 'PostgreSQL JDBC Driver'",,,,,,,,,"","client backend",,0
2022-09-24 03:06:35.356 CEST,"X","Xdb",17569,"127.0.0.1:44230",632e581b.44a1,3,"BEGIN",2022-09-24 03:06:35 CEST,5/50,0,LOG,00000,"execute <unnamed>: BEGIN",,,,,,,,,"PostgreSQL JDBC Driver","client backend",,0
... The refresh statements go on and on

原来同步作业运行在事务隔离级别READ UNCOMMITTED，但是 View 刷新任务运行在READ COMMITTED级别

另一方面，DataGrip 甚至不设置隔离级别，而只是对其进行查询...

最佳答案

您正在寻找的答案是物化 View 不会立即更新。它们在后台更新。您可以尝试运行以下查询以查看物化 View 是否仍在更新:

SELECT pg_is_in_recovery(); -- returns true if the server is a standby server

SELECT pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp(); -- returns the timestamp of the last transaction that was replayed on the standby server

SELECT pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp() > pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp(); -- returns true if the last transaction that was replayed on the standby server is newer than the last transaction that was replayed on the primary server

关于postgresql - PostgresQL 14 物化 View 不更新，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73819347/

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