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c++ - Eigen:线性系统求解器的 vector

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-12-05 05:30:25 28 4
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我正在使用 Eigen 线性代数库,需要一个 BiCGSTAB 求解器 vector 。不幸的是,扩展这个 vector 非常困难。最小的(不是)工作示例是

#include <Eigen/Eigen>

int main() {
std::vector< Eigen::BiCGSTAB< Eigen::SparseMatrix< double > > > tmp;
tmp.emplace_back();
}

并产生错误信息

$ g++ -I/usr/include/eigen3 main.cpp
In file included from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/vector:63,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/functional:62,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Core:85,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Dense:1,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Eigen:1,
from main.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h: In instantiation of ‘constexpr bool std::__check_constructible() [with _ValueType = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&&]’:
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:182:4: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::uninitialized_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = move_iterator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*>; _ForwardIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:372:37: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, allocator<_Tp>&) [with _InputIterator = move_iterator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*>; _ForwardIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:397:2: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_move_if_noexcept_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, _Allocator&) [with _InputIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*; _ForwardIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*; _Allocator = allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/vector.tcc:487:3: required from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_realloc_insert(iterator, _Args&& ...) [with _Args = {}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; iterator = std::vector<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >::iterator]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/vector.tcc:123:21: required from ‘std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::emplace_back(_Args&& ...) [with _Args = {}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; reference = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&]’
main.cpp:5:21: required from here
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:90:56: error: static assertion failed: result type must be constructible from input type
90 | static_assert(is_constructible<_ValueType, _Tp>::value,
| ^~~~~
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:90:56: note: ‘std::integral_constant<bool, false>::value’ evaluates to false

尝试 std::move 更糟,即

#include <Eigen/Eigen>
#include <utility>

int main() {
std::vector< Eigen::BiCGSTAB< Eigen::SparseMatrix< double > > > tmp;

Eigen::BiCGSTAB< Eigen::SparseMatrix< double > > solver;
tmp.push_back( std::move( solver ) );
}

导致错误信息

g++ -I/usr/include/eigen3 main.cpp
In file included from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/bits/c++allocator.h:33,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/allocator.h:46,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/string:41,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/locale_classes.h:40,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/ios_base.h:41,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/ios:42,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/istream:38,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/sstream:38,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/complex:45,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Core:50,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Dense:1,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Eigen:1,
from main.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/new_allocator.h: In instantiation of ‘void std::__new_allocator<_Tp>::construct(_Up*, _Args&& ...) [with _Up = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Args = {Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double, 0, int>, Eigen::DiagonalPreconditioner<double> >}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >]’:
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/alloc_traits.h:516:17: required from ‘static void std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<_CharT> >::construct(allocator_type&, _Up*, _Args&& ...) [with _Up = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Args = {Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double, 0, int>, Eigen::DiagonalPreconditioner<double> >}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; allocator_type = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/vector.tcc:117:30: required from ‘std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::emplace_back(_Args&& ...) [with _Args = {Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double, 0, int>, Eigen::DiagonalPreconditioner<double> >}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; reference = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_vector.h:1294:21: required from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(value_type&&) [with _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; value_type = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >]’
main.cpp:9:18: required from here
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/new_allocator.h:175:11: error: use of deleted function ‘Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >::BiCGSTAB(const Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&)’
175 | { ::new((void *)__p) _Up(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...); }
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/IterativeLinearSolvers:42,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Sparse:31,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Eigen:2:
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/IterativeLinearSolvers/BiCGSTAB.h:158:7: note: ‘Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >::BiCGSTAB(const Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&)’ is implicitly deleted because the default definition would be ill-formed:
158 | class BiCGSTAB : public IterativeSolverBase<BiCGSTAB<_MatrixType,_Preconditioner> >
| ^~~~~~~~
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/IterativeLinearSolvers/BiCGSTAB.h:158:7: error: use of deleted function ‘Eigen::IterativeSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >::IterativeSolverBase(const Eigen::IterativeSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >&)’
In file included from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/IterativeLinearSolvers:38:
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/IterativeLinearSolvers/IterativeSolverBase.h:143:7: note: ‘Eigen::IterativeSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >::IterativeSolverBase(const Eigen::IterativeSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >&)’ is implicitly deleted because the default definition would be ill-formed:
143 | class IterativeSolverBase : public SparseSolverBase<Derived>
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/IterativeLinearSolvers/IterativeSolverBase.h:143:7: error: use of deleted function ‘Eigen::SparseSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >::SparseSolverBase(const Eigen::SparseSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >&)’
In file included from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/SparseCore:64,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Sparse:26:
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/SparseCore/SparseSolverBase.h:67:7: note: ‘Eigen::SparseSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >::SparseSolverBase(const Eigen::SparseSolverBase<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >&)’ is implicitly deleted because the default definition would be ill-formed:
67 | class SparseSolverBase : internal::noncopyable
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/SparseCore/SparseSolverBase.h:67:7: error: ‘Eigen::internal::noncopyable::noncopyable(const Eigen::internal::noncopyable&)’ is private within this context
In file included from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Core:162:
/usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/Core/util/Meta.h:424:21: note: declared private here
424 | EIGEN_DEVICE_FUNC noncopyable(const noncopyable&);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/vector:63,
from /usr/include/c++/12.2.0/functional:62,
from /usr/include/eigen3/Eigen/Core:85:
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h: In instantiation of ‘constexpr bool std::__check_constructible() [with _ValueType = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&&]’:
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:182:4: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::uninitialized_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = move_iterator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*>; _ForwardIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:372:37: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, allocator<_Tp>&) [with _InputIterator = move_iterator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*>; _ForwardIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:397:2: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_move_if_noexcept_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, _Allocator&) [with _InputIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*; _ForwardIterator = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >*; _Allocator = allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/vector.tcc:487:3: required from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_realloc_insert(iterator, _Args&& ...) [with _Args = {Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double, 0, int>, Eigen::DiagonalPreconditioner<double> >}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; iterator = std::vector<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >::iterator]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/vector.tcc:123:21: required from ‘std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::emplace_back(_Args&& ...) [with _Args = {Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double, 0, int>, Eigen::DiagonalPreconditioner<double> >}; _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; reference = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >&]’
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_vector.h:1294:21: required from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(value_type&&) [with _Tp = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >; _Alloc = std::allocator<Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> > >; value_type = Eigen::BiCGSTAB<Eigen::SparseMatrix<double> >]’
main.cpp:9:18: required from here
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:90:56: error: static assertion failed: result type must be constructible from input type
90 | static_assert(is_constructible<_ValueType, _Tp>::value,
| ^~~~~
/usr/include/c++/12.2.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:90:56: note: ‘std::integral_constant<bool, false>::value’ evaluates to false

我使用的是 Eigen 3.4 和 g++ 12.2 版。

有什么办法解决这个问题吗?

最佳答案

将我的评论变成正确的答案:

看了代码,发现BiCGSTAB就像所有的求解器都继承自一个旨在防止复制和扩展移动的基类:class SparseSolverBase : internal::noncopyable

我无法说出选择这种设计的确切原因。如果我不得不猜测,我会说一些求解器可能使用自引用属性(保存指向其他成员的指针),这尤其会破坏固定大小的矩阵。或者使用 Eigen::Map可能会导致复制问题,尤其是复制分配问题。

std::vector仅适用于可移动类型,因为它在重新分配时需要移动。即使调用reserve()事先,代码仍然需要编译,即使它从未被执行。

我想到了三种解决方法:

  1. 使用 std::deque .它提供了 vector 拥有的所有方法的超集,但它的实现意味着只要你只调用 emplace_backemplace_front而不是例如insert ,它不需要可移动类型。缺点是它在所有单独访问上有点慢

  2. 使用 std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Solver>> .效率低于双端队列,但现在您还可以插入、重新洗牌等。

  3. 使用 std::unique_ptr<Solver[]>并使用旧的new Solver[count]分配。从 C++14 开始,您可以使用 std::make_unique<Solver[]>(count) .这具有最少的开销,甚至比 vector 还少,但接口(interface)没有那么好(您可以使用 [index] 运算符,但指针甚至不知道数组大小)并且数字在分配后固定

关于c++ - Eigen:线性系统求解器的 vector ,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74672400/

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