makefile - 一个共享的 Makefile 依赖只运行一次

Question

TL;博士

多个目标共享的依赖只被调用一次。

为什么？

总结

在这个微型 Makefile 示例中，我希望 deploy-everywhere 将 staging-repo 代码部署到 staging和 prod-repo 代码到 prod。

相反，staging 和 prod 都获得 staging-repo 代码，诚然，这是次优的。

这似乎是因为 clone-repo 在第二次检查时被跳过/修剪，作为 deploy-to-prod 的一部分(参见 -d 日志输出如下)。

为什么会发生这种情况，我可以改变这种行为吗？

$ cat Makefile

.PHONY: deploy-everywhere deploy-to-prod deploy-to-staging clone-repo

deploy-everywhere: deploy-to-staging deploy-to-prod
    @echo "deployed everywhere"

deploy-to-prod: repo="prod-repo"
deploy-to-prod: clone-repo
    @echo "deployed to prod (from $(repo))"

deploy-to-staging: repo="staging-repo"
deploy-to-staging: clone-repo
    @echo "deployed to staging (from $(repo))"

clone-repo:
    @echo "clone-repo $(repo)"

更多详细信息(日志、版本)

这是运行 make 的输出:

$ make deploy-everywhere
clone-repo staging-repo
deployed to staging (from staging-repo)
deployed to prod (from prod-repo) <<<<< THIS IS A LIE, WE NEVER CLONED THE PROD REPO!!
deployed everywhere <<<< RIIIIGHT.

额外的日志记录:

$ make -d deploy-everywhere
...
  Successfully remade target file `deploy-to-staging'.
  Considering target file `deploy-to-prod'.
   File `deploy-to-prod' does not exist.
    Pruning file `clone-repo'.          <<<< WHY? WHY?!?!?!?! WHY.
   Finished prerequisites of target file `deploy-to-prod'.
  Must remake target `deploy-to-prod'.
...

我正在运行 GNU Make 3.81:

$ make --version
GNU Make 3.81
Copyright (C) 2006  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

This program built for i386-apple-darwin11.3.0

Answer 1

这是设计使然。 makefile 中的目标更像是名词而不是动词。

您可以通过多种方式实现您的目标。这是一个:

deploy-to-prod: clone-prod-repo
    @echo "deployed to prod (from prod-repo)"

deploy-to-staging: clone-staging-repo
    @echo "deployed to staging (from staging-repo)"

clone-%-repo:
    @echo "clone $*-repo"

编辑:好吧，clone 操作需要多个参数。这是一种方法:

deploy-to-prod: PARAM1=ProdOne
deploy-to-prod: PARAM2=ProdTwo
deploy-to-prod: clone-prod-repo
    @echo "deployed to prod (from prod-repo)"

deploy-to-staging: PARAM1=StagingFirst
deploy-to-staging: PARAM2=StagingSecond
deploy-to-staging: clone-staging-repo
    @echo "deployed to staging (from staging-repo)"

clone-%-repo:
    @echo clone $*-repo with $(PARAM1) and $(PARAM2)

还有一个:

define clone-repo
@echo clone using $(1)
@echo and $(2) in some way
endef

deploy-to-prod:
    @echo $@
    $(call clone-repo, ProdOne, ProdTwo)

deploy-to-staging:
    @echo $@
    $(call clone-repo, StagingFirst, StagingSecond)