postgresql - 测试容器和错误 : "Failed to validate connection org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection" (raising a single container for all test classes)

Question

当我尝试一项一项地运行测试时遇到问题。数据库连接已关闭。

根据文档 ( Containers declared as static fields ... )，我试图确保我的容器在所有测试中都被提升一次。

我专门用它来为 Spring 提供应用程序上下文，并生成一次用于所有测试的测试容器。

确实如此，因为我在每次测试中都会进行检查:

      boolean running = getPostgreSQLContainer().isRunning();

        System.out.println(running);

也就是说，测试是一个接一个自动运行的。

• pom.xml

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

....

<properties>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
        <testcontainers.version>1.15.1</testcontainers.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <version.mapstruct>1.4.1.Final</version.mapstruct>
        <version.maven.compiler.plugin>3.8.1</version.maven.compiler.plugin>
        <version.embedded.postgresql.testcontainers>1.86</version.embedded.postgresql.testcontainers>
        <version.spring.cloud.starter>2.2.6.RELEASE</version.spring.cloud.starter>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
            <version>${version.mapstruct}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
            <version>${version.mapstruct}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
            <artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
                <artifactId>testcontainers-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${testcontainers.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

• TestPostgresContainer

@Testcontainers
@TestPropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
public class TestPostgresContainer {

    private static String dataBaseName;
    private static String userNameBase;
    private static String passwordBase;

    public TestPostgresContainer() {
    }

    private static DockerImageName postgres;

    static {
        postgres = DockerImageName.parse("postgres:13.1");
        dataBaseName = PropertiesExtractor.getProperty("database.name.test.container");
        userNameBase = PropertiesExtractor.getProperty("username.testcontainer");
        passwordBase = PropertiesExtractor.getProperty("password.testcontainer");
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    @Container
    private static PostgreSQLContainer postgreSQLContainer = (PostgreSQLContainer) new PostgreSQLContainer(postgres)
            .withDatabaseName(dataBaseName)
            .withUsername(userNameBase)
            .withPassword(passwordBase)
            .withStartupTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(600));


    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    public static PostgreSQLContainer getPostgreSQLContainer() {
        return postgreSQLContainer;
    }

    /**
     * It need for Spring boot 2.2.6 and higher.
     */
    @DynamicPropertySource
    static void properties(DynamicPropertyRegistry propertyRegistry){

        propertyRegistry.add("spring.datasource.url", postgreSQLContainer::getJdbcUrl);
        propertyRegistry.add("spring.datasource.username", postgreSQLContainer::getUsername);
        propertyRegistry.add("spring.datasource.password", postgreSQLContainer::getPassword);
    }

• 测试容器SpringBootClassruleApplicationTests

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class TestcontainersSpringBootClassruleApplicationTests extends TestPostgresContainer {

    @Autowired
    protected TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate;


    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should start the container")
    public void test() {

        boolean running = getPostgreSQLContainer().isRunning();

        System.out.println(running);
    }
}

• EmployeeRestControllerTest

class EmployeeRestControllerTest extends TestcontainersSpringBootClassruleApplicationTests {

    private static EmployeeDto employeeDto;

    @BeforeAll
   static void createUser(){

        PostgreSQLContainer postgreSQLContainer = getPostgreSQLContainer();

        employeeDto = EmployeeDto
                .newBuilder()
                .firstName("Joanna")
                .lastName("Soyer")
                .country("germany")
                .build();
    }

    @Transactional
    @Test
    void addEmployee() {
        boolean running = getPostgreSQLContainer().isRunning();

        System.out.println(running);

        String url = "/employees/addEmployee";

        HttpEntity<EmployeeDto> entity = new HttpEntity<>(employeeDto);

        ResponseEntity<EmployeeDto> employeeDtoResponseEntity =
                testRestTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, entity, EmployeeDto.class);

        HttpStatus statusCode = employeeDtoResponseEntity.getStatusCode();
        assertThat(statusCode, is(HttpStatus.OK));
    }

    @Test
    void getAllEmployees() {
    }
}

测试类位于不同目录

• 应用程序属性

spring.main.banner-mode=off
spring.datasource.initialization-mode=always

## PostgreSQL for TestContainers
database.name.test.container=integration-tests-db
username.testcontainer=root
password.testcontainer=root

spring.datasource.hikari.max-life = 600000 

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.jdbc.lob.non_contextual_creation=true

spring.liquibase.change-log=classpath:/db/changelog/db.changelog-master-test.xml

我使用liquibase。

Wnen 正在运行所有测试:

com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.PoolBase : HikariPool-1 - Failed to validate connection org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection@698af960 (Соединение уже было закрыто). Possibly consider using a shorter maxLifetime value.

我设定一个值

spring.datasource.hikari.max-life = 600000

没用。

但是当我一次运行一个测试类时，就没有错误了。

我发现了这个:

Running container in daemon modeBy default database container is being stopped as soon as last connection is closed. There are cases when you might need to start container and keep it running till you stop it explicitly or JVM is shutdown. To do this, add TC_DAEMON parameter to the URL as follows:

jdbc:tc:mysql:5.7.22:///databasename?TC_DAEMON=true

但是，我在哪里可以添加 TC_DAEMON=true 到？

我没有直接指定 url 本身。它是通过 TestContainers 完成的。

有了这个参数，即使没有打开的连接，数据库容器也会继续运行。

更新

我编辑了这个:

@Container
    private static PostgreSQLContainer postgreSQLContainer = new PostgreSQLContainer(postgres)
            .withDatabaseName(dataBaseName)
            .withUsername(userNameBase)
            .withPassword(passwordBase);

• 和

    @DynamicPropertySource
    static void registerPgProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry propertyRegistry){

        String jdbcUrlPart = getPostgreSQLContainer().getJdbcUrl();
        String jdbcUrlFull = jdbcUrlPart + "&TC_DAEMON=true";

        propertyRegistry.add("integration-tests-db", getPostgreSQLContainer()::getDatabaseName);
        propertyRegistry.add("spring.datasource.username", getPostgreSQLContainer()::getUsername);
        propertyRegistry.add("spring.datasource.password", getPostgreSQLContainer()::getPassword);
        propertyRegistry.add("spring.datasource.url", () -> jdbcUrlFull);
    }

这也没有帮助。

我已经没有想法了。

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

您正在使用控制容器生命周期的 JUnit Jupiter 扩展 (@Testcontainers)。此扩展支持 two modes :

1. 为每个测试方法重新启动的容器
2. 在测试类的所有方法之间共享的容器

因此，对于您的设置，Testcontaienrs 为每个测试类 启动一个数据库，该数据库不在多个测试类之间共享，但在同一测试类中测试方法。

由于您问题中的所有代码层次结构和代码更新，很难说问题出在哪里。

如果你想重复使用一个数据库容器并且只启动它一次，看看Singelton containers和 reusability feature .

PS:您不需要@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)，因为您正在使用 JUnit 5 运行测试并且 JUnit Jupiter 扩展 (SpringExtension) 已经存在注册为 @SpringBootTest

的一部分