python - 如何定位在python selenium中单击按钮后出现的网页上的元素

Question

我是一名新的 Python 程序员。最近，我开始从事自动化/抓取工作。目前，我遇到了点击按钮后出现页面的情况，但我无法在该页面上找到元素。

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

import time


driver = webdriver.Chrome(r"/Users/prateep/Downloads/chromedriver")

driver.get("https://example.com")

driver.maximize_window()

time.sleep(10)

button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("a-IRR-buttons")

button.click()

time.sleep(5)

driver.find_element("P52_NAME").send_keys("Test!!!")

selectStatus = Select(driver.find_element("P52_ASSESSMENT_STATUS_ID"))

selectStatus.select_by_value("O - Open")

driver.close()

输出:-

driver.find_element_by_name("P52_NAME").send_keys("Test!!!")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/prateep/Aegis_Automation/Aegis_Automation.py", line 25, in <module>
    driver.find_element_by_name("P52_NAME").send_keys("Test!!!")
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 658, in find_element_by_name
    return self.find_element(by=By.NAME, value=name)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 1238, in find_element
    return self.execute(Command.FIND_ELEMENT, {
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 418, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 243, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":"[name="P52_NAME"]"}

Answer 1

问题出在这一行

driver.find_element("P52_NAME").send_keys("Test!!!")

您使用的 find_element 有误。

让我们看看 find_element 内部有什么

def find_element(self, by=By.ID, value=None):
    """
    Find an element given a By strategy and locator. Prefer the find_element_by_* methods when
    possible.

    :Usage:
        element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'foo')

    :rtype: WebElement
    """
    if self.w3c:
        if by == By.ID:
            by = By.CSS_SELECTOR
            value = '[id="%s"]' % value
        elif by == By.TAG_NAME:
            by = By.CSS_SELECTOR
        elif by == By.CLASS_NAME:
            by = By.CSS_SELECTOR
            value = ".%s" % value
        elif by == By.NAME:
            by = By.CSS_SELECTOR
            value = '[name="%s"]' % value
    return self.execute(Command.FIND_ELEMENT, {
        'using': by,
        'value': value})['value']

如你所见，我们必须将它与

1. By.ID
2. By.CLASS_NAME
3. 作者:TAG_NAME
4. By.LINK_TEXT
5. By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT
6. By.NAME
7. By.CSS_SELECTOR
8. By.XPATH

如果 P52_NAME 是名称并且它是唯一的并且代表 HTMLDOM 中所需的元素，那么理想情况下您应该使用

driver.find_element(By.NAME, "P52_NAME").send_keys("Test!!!")

如果我们在 HTML DOM 中有unique条目，请检查开发工具(Google chrome)。

检查步骤:

在 Chrome 中按 F12 -> 转到 element 部分 -> 执行 CTRL + F -> 然后粘贴 NAME 并查看您想要的 元素 是否通过 1/1 匹配节点得到突出显示。

更新:

wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 30)
wait.until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it((By.XPATH, "iframe xpath")))
wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, ""))).send_keys("")

导入:

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC