python - 如何根据条件替换字符串中的单词？

Question

我在这样的数据框中有一列。

Text
"Lorum Ipsum Rotterdam dolor sit." 
"ed ut perspiciatis Boekarest, New York, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed " 
"Excepteur sint occaecat Glasgow cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa"

我希望每个地理位置都替换为“GPE”。

我正在使用 spacy 来检测实体。这工作正常，如下所示。

nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_lg')

for value in df['text']:
    doc = nlp(value)
    for ent in doc.ents:
        print(ent.text, ent.label_)

Output: 
Rotterdam GPE
Boekarest GPE
New York GPE
Glasgow GPE 

我尝试了下面的代码来替换列中的城市名称，但它不起作用。

for value in df['text']:
    doc = nlp(value)
    for ent in doc.ents:
        for word in value.split():
            if ent.label_ == "GPE":
                word.replace(ent.label, "_GPE_")

有没有人看到我做错了什么？

Answer 1

你可以使用

import spacy, warnings
import pandas as pd
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", 'User provided device_type of \'cuda\', but CUDA is not available. Disabling')

df = pd.DataFrame({'Text':["Lorum Ipsum Rotterdam dolor sit.", "ed ut perspiciatis Boekarest, New York, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed ", "Excepteur sint occaecat Glasgow cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa"]})
nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_lg')

def redact_gpe(text):
    doc = nlp(text)
    newString = text
    for e in reversed(doc.ents):
        if e.label_ == "GPE":
            start = e.start_char
            end = start + len(e.text)
            newString = f'{newString[:start]}GPE{newString[end:]}'
    return newString

df['Text'] = df['Text'].apply(redact_gpe)

输出:

                                                                   Text
0                                      Lorum Ipsum GPE dolor sit.
1  ed ut perspiciatis GPE, GPE, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed
2     Excepteur sint occaecat GPE cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa