django - 无法查询 "": Must be "" instance

Question

我对 django 和 python 都很陌生，在我的应用程序中我有两个模型，一个是 MyProfile 一个是 MyPost，用户将有一个配置文件和用户可以创建帖子，一切正常，但我想在用户的个人资料中显示用户创建的帖子。为此，我尝试在我的通用 Detailview 中创建一个 get_context_data。但它给了我这个错误 Cannot query "ahmy": Must be "MyProfile"instance。 ahmy 是我的登录用户名。

我的模型

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.deletion import CASCADE
from django.core.validators import MinValueValidator, RegexValidator


# Create your models here.
class MyProfile(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length = 500)
    user = models.OneToOneField(to=User, on_delete=CASCADE)
    address = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=20, default="Male", choices=(("Male", 'Male'), ("Female", "Female"), ("LGBTQ", "LGBTQ")))
    phone_no = models.CharField(validators=[RegexValidator("^0?[5-9]{1}\d{9}$")], max_length=15, null=True, blank=True)
    description = models.CharField(max_length = 240, null=True, blank=True)
    pic = models.ImageField(upload_to = "image\\", null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s" % self.user


class MyPost(models.Model):
    main_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to = "image\\", null=True)
    amount_spend = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    total_donars = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
    body = models.TextField(null=False, blank=False)
    cr_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    uploaded_by = models.ForeignKey(to=MyProfile, on_delete=CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
    def __str__(self):
        return "%s" % self.title

我的观点@method_decorator(login_required, name="dispatch")

class MyProfileDetailView(DetailView):
    model = MyProfile
    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        # Call the base implementation first to get a context
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        # Add in a QuerySet of all the user posts
        user_posts = MyPost.objects.filter(uploaded_by=self.request.user).order_by('-cr_date')
        context['user_posts'] = user_posts
        context['user'] = self.request.user
        return context

我的 Html 文件

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}
<div class="p-5">
<img src="/media/{{myprofile.pic}}" />
<h1 class="myhead2">{{myprofile.name}}</h1>
<p><strong>Address: {{myprofile.address}}</strong></p>
<p><strong>Phone Number: {{myprofile.phone_no}}</strong></p>
<p><strong>Email: {{myprofile.user.email}}</strong></p>
<p><strong>About:</strong> {{myprofile.purpose}}</p>
<p><strong> Total Donation Recived: {{myprofile.donation_recived}}</strong></p>
<hr>

<table class="table my-3">
    <thead class="thead-dark">
        <tr>
            <th>Title</th>
            <th>Date</th>
            <th>Action</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
{% for MyPost in user_posts %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{MyPost.title}}</td>
            <td>{{MyPost.cr_date | date:"d/m/y"}}</td>
            <td>
            <a class="btn btn-dark btn-sm" href='/covid/mypost/{{n1.id}}'>Read More</a>
            <a class="btn btn-dark btn-sm" href='/covid/mypost/delete/{{n1.id}}'>Delete</a>
            </td>
        </tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</div>
{% endblock %}

网址

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls.conf import include
from covid import views
from django.views.generic.base import RedirectView

urlpatterns = [
# Normal pages
    path('home/', views.HomeView.as_view()),
    path('tips/', views.TipsViews.as_view()),
    path('info/', views.InfoView.as_view()),
    path('dashboard', views.DashboardView.as_view()),
# Choose State URL
    path('chose_state', views.chose_state, name='chose_state'),
# Orginisations Profiles
    path('profile/edit/<int:pk>', views.MyProfileUpdateView.as_view(success_url="/covid/home")),
    path('myprofile/', views.MyProfileListView.as_view()),
    path('myprofile/<int:pk>', views.MyProfileDetailView.as_view()),
# Post URL
    path('mypost/create/', views.MyPostCreate.as_view(success_url="/covid/mypost")),
    path('mypost/delete/<int:pk>', views.MyPostDeleteView.as_view(success_url="/covid/mypost")),
    path('mypost/', views.MyPostListView.as_view()),
    path('mypost/<int:pk>', views.MyPostDetailView.as_view()),
    path('profile/edit/<int:pk>', views.MyProfileUpdateView.as_view(success_url="/covid/home")),
# Root URL
    path('', RedirectView.as_view(url="home/")), 
]

Answer 1

uploaded_by 字段指的是 MyProfile 模型，而不是 User 模型。您可以将查询更改为:

user_posts = MyPost.objects.filter(
    <b>uploaded_by__user=self.request.user</b>
).order_by('-cr_date')

因此，通过使用双下划线 (__)，我们“看穿”了一个关系，因此我们寻找 MyPost 对象，其中 uploaded_by是一个 MyProfile，作为 user 是对 request.user 对象的引用。

如果要显示路径中带有pk的用户的内容:

path('myprofile/<int:pk>', views.MyProfileDetailView.as_view()),

您可以将其替换为:

user_posts = MyPost.objects.filter(
    <b>uploaded_by_id=self.kwargs['pk']</b>
).order_by('-cr_date')

给定 pk 是 profile id；或者:

user_posts = MyPost.objects.filter(
    <b>uploaded_by__user_id=self.kwargs['pk']</b>
).order_by('-cr_date')

如果 pk 指的是 user id。

或者你可以使用self.object:

user_posts = self.object<b>.mypost_set.order_by('-cr_date')</b>