shell - 使用 sed 无法使用 "- "分隔符拆分字符串

Question

我有下面的字符串，每行由换行作为输入字符串分隔

string="name: MAIN_ROLE
description: ROLE DESCRIPTION
readOnly: 
roleReferences:
- roleTemplateAppId: app1
  roleTemplateName: template2
  name: Name1
- roleTemplateAppId: app2
  roleTemplateName: template2
  name: Name2
"

我喜欢将 YAML 字符串打印成逗号分隔的字符串，如下所示。输入字符串在“-”之后可以有任意数量的组件，这会产生新记录，但 MAIN_ROLE 值保持相同的第一列:

MAIN_ROLE,Name1,template1,app1
MAIN_ROLE,Name2,template2,app2

我在下面的代码中尝试用“-”分割行，但我没有得到正确的结果

echo "$a" | sed -n $'/^- $/,/^- $/p' <<< $string

Answer 1

您可以这样使用 awk:

awk 'NR==1{a=$2;cnt=0} /^-/{rta[cnt]=$3;getline;rtn[cnt]=$2; getline; n[cnt]=$2;cnt++} END{ for(i=0;i<cnt;i++) { print a","n[i]","rtn[i]","rta[i] } }' file > outputfile

参见 online demo :

#!/bin/bash
string="name: MAIN_ROLE
description: ROLE DESCRIPTION
readOnly:
roleReferences:
- roleTemplateAppId: app1
  roleTemplateName: template1
  name: Name1
- roleTemplateAppId: app2
  roleTemplateName: template2
  name: Name2
"
awk 'NR==1{               # When on Line 1
    a=$2;cnt=0            # Set a (main name) and cnt (counter) vars
}
/^-/{                     # When line starts with -
    rta[cnt]=$3; getline; # Add role template app ID to rta array, read next line
    rtn[cnt]=$2; getline; # Add role template name to rtn array, read next line
    n[cnt]=$2;cnt++       # Add name to n array, increment the cnt variable
}
END{                      # When the file processing is over
    for(i=0;i<cnt;i++) {  # Iterate over the found values and... 
        print a","n[i]","rtn[i]","rta[i]  # print them
    }
}' <<< "$string"

# => MAIN_ROLE,Name1,template1,app1
#    MAIN_ROLE,Name2,template2,app2