rust - 我可以用 serde 序列化枚举的定义吗？

Question

给定这个枚举定义:

#[repr(u8)]
#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
pub enum AnimalType {
    #[serde(rename = "cat")]
    Cat = 1,
    #[serde(rename = "dog")]
    Dog = 2,
    #[serde(rename = "snake")]
    Snake = 3,
    #[serde(rename = "capybara")]
    Capybara = 4,
}

我希望能够返回定义上述枚举的 JSON，类似于:

{
  "AnimalType": [
    { "cat": 1 },
    { "dog": 2 },
    { "snake": 3 },
    { "capybara": 4 }
  ]
}

是否可以在 Rust 中以编程方式执行此操作，可能使用 serde？

这个问题不同于How do I configure Serde to use an enum variant's discriminant rather than name?因为我想序列化枚举的定义，而不是值。

Answer 1

我最终使用了 strum 及其 EnumVariantNames 宏:https://docs.rs/strum_macros/latest/strum_macros/derive.EnumVariantNames.html

#[repr(u8)]
#[derive(Serialize, EnumVariantNames)]
pub enum AnimalType {
    #[serde(rename = "cat")]
    #[strum(serialize = "cat")]
    Cat = 1,
    #[serde(rename = "dog")]
    #[strum(serialize = "dog")]
    Dog = 2,
    #[serde(rename = "SNAKE")]
    #[strum(serialize = "SNAKE")]
    Snake = 3,
    #[serde(rename = "capybara")]
    #[strum(serialize = "capybara")]
    Capybara = 4,
}

async fn get_animal_types() -> Result<impl warp::Reply, warp::Rejection> {
    Ok(warp::reply::json(&AnimalType::VARIANTS))
}

返回 ["cat","dog","SNAKE","capybara"]