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python - 地理编码器不可用 : HTTPSConnectionPool error for some addresses using geopy and Nominatim

转载 作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-12-05 02:47:14 28 4
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<分区>

在使用 geopy 进行地理编码时，某些地址出现错误(使用提名)。我真的不明白为什么一个地址会出错而另一个地址不会出错的模式，例如只需更改门牌号即可产生不同。

当我通过 urllib3 发出错误消息中提到的 API 请求时，它起作用了，所以我认为错误是由 geopy 引起的，但我不确定。

最小可重现示例

from geopy.geocoders import Nominatim
geolocator = Nominatim(user_agent="my-test-app")
geolocator.geocode({'country': 'DE', 'city': 'Erlangen', 'postalcode': '91052',
                                'street': 'Nürnberger Straße 6'}) # working

>>> Location(Nürnberger Straße, Sebaldussiedlung, Erlangen, Bayern, 91052, Deutschland, (49.5772384, 11.015895, 0.0))

geolocator.geocode({'country': 'DE', 'city': 'Erlangen', 'postalcode': '91052',
                                'street': 'Nürnberger Straße 7'}) # error

错误信息

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
timeout                                   Traceback (most recent call last)
C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout, chunked, **httplib_request_kw)
    425                     # Otherwise it looks like a bug in the code.
--> 426                     six.raise_from(e, None)
    427         except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError, SocketError) as e:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\packages\six.py in raise_from(value, from_value)

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout, chunked, **httplib_request_kw)
    420                 try:
--> 421                     httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
    422                 except BaseException as e:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\http\client.py in getresponse(self)
   1353             try:
-> 1354                 response.begin()
   1355             except ConnectionError:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\http\client.py in begin(self)
    305         while True:
--> 306             version, status, reason = self._read_status()
    307             if status != CONTINUE:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\http\client.py in _read_status(self)
    266     def _read_status(self):
--> 267         line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1")
    268         if len(line) > _MAXLINE:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\socket.py in readinto(self, b)
    588             try:
--> 589                 return self._sock.recv_into(b)
    590             except timeout:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\ssl.py in recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes, flags)
   1070                   self.__class__)
-> 1071             return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
   1072         else:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\ssl.py in read(self, len, buffer)
    928             if buffer is not None:
--> 929                 return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
    930             else:

timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

ReadTimeoutError                          Traceback (most recent call last)
C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, chunked, body_pos, **response_kw)
    676                 headers=headers,
--> 677                 chunked=chunked,
    678             )

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout, chunked, **httplib_request_kw)
    427         except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError, SocketError) as e:
--> 428             self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=read_timeout)
    429             raise

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in _raise_timeout(self, err, url, timeout_value)
    335             raise ReadTimeoutError(
--> 336                 self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value
    337             )

ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=1)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

MaxRetryError                             Traceback (most recent call last)
C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py in send(self, request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
    448                     retries=self.max_retries,
--> 449                     timeout=timeout
    450                 )

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, chunked, body_pos, **response_kw)
    766                 body_pos=body_pos,
--> 767                 **response_kw
    768             )

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, chunked, body_pos, **response_kw)
    766                 body_pos=body_pos,
--> 767                 **response_kw
    768             )

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, chunked, body_pos, **response_kw)
    726             retries = retries.increment(
--> 727                 method, url, error=e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
    728             )

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py in increment(self, method, url, response, error, _pool, _stacktrace)
    445         if new_retry.is_exhausted():
--> 446             raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
    447 

MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /search?country=DE&city=Erlangen&postalcode=91052&street=N%C3%BCrnberger+Stra%C3%9Fe+7&format=json&limit=1 (Caused by ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=1)"))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

ConnectionError                           Traceback (most recent call last)
C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\geopy\adapters.py in _request(self, url, timeout, headers)
    382         try:
--> 383             resp = self.session.get(url, timeout=timeout, headers=headers)
    384         except Exception as error:

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py in get(self, url, **kwargs)
    554         kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
--> 555         return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
    556 

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py in request(self, method, url, params, data, headers, cookies, files, auth, timeout, allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify, cert, json)
    541         send_kwargs.update(settings)
--> 542         resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
    543 

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py in send(self, request, **kwargs)
    654         # Send the request
--> 655         r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
    656 

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py in send(self, request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
    515 
--> 516             raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
    517 

ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /search?country=DE&city=Erlangen&postalcode=91052&street=N%C3%BCrnberger+Stra%C3%9Fe+7&format=json&limit=1 (Caused by ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=1)"))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

GeocoderUnavailable                       Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-aa66519ee9b9> in <module>()
----> 1 geolocator.geocode({'country': 'DE', 'city': 'Erlangen', 'postalcode': '91052', 'street': 'Nürnberger Straße 7'})

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\geopy\geocoders\nominatim.py in geocode(self, query, exactly_one, timeout, limit, addressdetails, language, geometry, extratags, country_codes, viewbox, bounded, featuretype, namedetails)
    292         logger.debug("%s.geocode: %s", self.__class__.__name__, url)
    293         callback = partial(self._parse_json, exactly_one=exactly_one)
--> 294         return self._call_geocoder(url, callback, timeout=timeout)
    295 
    296     def reverse(

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\geopy\geocoders\base.py in _call_geocoder(self, url, callback, timeout, is_json, headers)
    358         try:
    359             if is_json:
--> 360                 result = self.adapter.get_json(url, timeout=timeout, headers=req_headers)
    361             else:
    362                 result = self.adapter.get_text(url, timeout=timeout, headers=req_headers)

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\geopy\adapters.py in get_json(self, url, timeout, headers)
    371 
    372     def get_json(self, url, *, timeout, headers):
--> 373         resp = self._request(url, timeout=timeout, headers=headers)
    374         try:
    375             return resp.json()

C:\Users\USERNAME\Anaconda3\envs\crm_templates\lib\site-packages\geopy\adapters.py in _request(self, url, timeout, headers)
    393                     raise GeocoderServiceError(message)
    394                 else:
--> 395                     raise GeocoderUnavailable(message)
    396             elif isinstance(error, requests.Timeout):
    397                 raise GeocoderTimedOut("Service timed out")

GeocoderUnavailable: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /search?country=DE&city=Erlangen&postalcode=91052&street=N%C3%BCrnberger+Stra%C3%9Fe+7&format=json&limit=1 (Caused by ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='nominatim.openstreetmap.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=1)"))

使用 urllib3 的工作示例

import urllib3

http = urllib3.PoolManager(1, headers={'user-agent': 'my-test-app'})

url = 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?country=DE&city=Erlangen&postalcode=91052&street=N%C3%BCrnberger+Stra%C3%9Fe+7&format=json&limit=1'

resp = http.request('GET', url)

json.loads(resp.data.decode())

  
>>> [{'place_id': 17025708,
>>>   'licence': 'Data © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. https://osm.org/copyright',
>>>   'osm_type': 'node',
>>>   'osm_id': 1641967158,
>>>   'boundingbox': ['49.5924431', '49.5925431', '11.0043901', '11.0044901'],
>>>   'lat': '49.5924931',
>>>   'lon': '11.0044401',
>>>   'display_name': 'Postbank, 7, Nürnberger Straße, Am Anger, Erlangen, Bayern, 91052, Deutschland',
>>>   'class': 'amenity',
>>>   'type': 'bank',
>>>   'importance': 0.6309999999999999,
>>>   'icon': 'https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/ui/mapicons//money_bank2.p.20.png'}]

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