python - 谷歌日历 API : Error code 403: The request is missing a valid API key

Question

最近我开始尝试使用 Google 的日历 API 来为自己制作一个个人应用程序，该应用程序可以随机创建每日亮点，然后在将其传递到我的谷歌日历之前利用它们制作事件。我对这类事情的经验很少，几乎没有，但谷歌的快速入门指南让我在一个不错的地方设置。我几乎只是采用了他们提供的 Quickstart python 代码，添加了一些我自己的函数来创建和删除事件，并调整了范围以包括创建和删除所述事件的权限。我使用的代码:

from __future__ import print_function

import datetime
from hashlib import new
import os.path
from re import S

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError

from highlightsGenerator import *

# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar.readonly',
          'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar.events',
          'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar']

templateEvent = {
                'summary': 'Daily Highlight',
                'description': '',
                'start': {
                    'dateTime': '',
                    },
                'end': {
                    'dateTime': '',
                    },
                'reminders': {
                    'useDefault': True,
                    },
            }

def createHighlightEvents(service):
    workingDate = datetime.date.today()
    workingDate += datetime.timedelta(days=1)
    highlightSchedule = scheduleGenerator()
    print(highlightSchedule)
    for k in highlightSchedule:
        newEvent = templateEvent
        newEvent['description'] = k
        newEvent['start']['dateTime'] = str(workingDate) + 'T13:00:00+3:00'
        newEvent['end']['dateTime'] = str(workingDate) + 'T17:00:00+03:00'
        service.events().insert(calendarId='primary', body=newEvent).execute()
        workingDate += datetime.timedelta(days=1)

def deleteHighlightEvents(service):
    now = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + 'Z'  # 'Z' indicates UTC time
    events_result = service.events().list(calendarId='primary', q='Daily Highlight',timeMin=now,
                                        maxResults=20, singleEvents=True,
                                        orderBy='startTime').execute()
    events = events_result.get('items', [])

    # if not events:
    #         print('No upcoming events found.')
    #         return

    for event in events:
        eID = event['id']
        service.events().delete(calendarId='primary', eventId=eID).execute()

def reRollHighlightEvents(service):
    deleteHighlightEvents(service)
    createHighlightEvents(service)

def getDate(dateTime):
    dateStr = dateTime[:len(dateTime) - 6]
    date = datetime.datetime.strptime(dateStr, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')
    return date

def shiftHighlights(service, numDays):
    now = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + 'Z'  # 'Z' indicates UTC time
    events_result = service.events().list(calendarId='primary', q='Daily Highlight',timeMin=now,
                                        maxResults=20, singleEvents=True,
                                        orderBy='startTime').execute()
    events = events_result.get('items', [])

    if not events:
            print('No upcoming events found.')
            return
    
    for event in events:
        newStartDate = getDate(event['start']['dateTime']) + datetime.timedelta(days=numDays)
        newEndDate = getDate(event['end']['dateTime']) + datetime.timedelta(days=numDays)
        newStartDateStr = 'T'.join([str(newStartDate.date()), str(newStartDate.time())])
        newEndDateStr = 'T'.join([str(newEndDate.date()), str(newEndDate.time())])
        newEvent = event
        newEvent['start']['dateTime'] = newStartDateStr + '+03:00'
        newEvent['end']['dateTime'] = newEndDateStr + '+03:00'

        service.events().update(calendarId='primary', eventId=event['id'], body=newEvent).execute()
        


def main():
    """Shows basic usage of the Google Calendar API.
    Prints the start and name of the next 10 events on the user's calendar.
    """
    creds = None
    # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
    # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
    # time.
    if os.path.exists('token.json'):
        creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file('token.json', SCOPES)
   # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
    if not creds or not creds.valid:
        if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
            creds.refresh(Request())
        else:
            flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
                'client_secret_158794507060-ucqbqgapmlf7lmvre6knjc5nehd00ms0.apps.googleusercontent.com.json', SCOPES)
            creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
        # Save the credentials for the next run
        with open('token.json', 'w') as token:
            token.write(creds.to_json())

    try:
        service = build('calendar', 'v3', credentials=creds)

        # Call the Calendar API
        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + 'Z'  # 'Z' indicates UTC time
        print('Getting the upcoming 10 events')
        events_result = service.events().list(calendarId='primary', timeMin=now,
                                              maxResults=10, singleEvents=True,
                                              orderBy='startTime').execute()
        events = events_result.get('items', [])

        if not events:
            print('No upcoming events found.')
            return

        # Prints the start and name of the next 10 events
        for event in events:
            start = event['start'].get('dateTime', event['start'].get('date'))
            print(start, event['summary'])

        userInput = input('Create (c), Delete (d), Re-Roll (r), Shift (s) highlights?\n')
        if userInput == 'c':
            createHighlightEvents(service)
        elif userInput == 'd':
            deleteHighlightEvents(service)
        elif userInput == 'r':
            reRollHighlightEvents(service)
        elif userInput == 's':
            numDays = input('How many days would you like to shift by?  (x) to cancel\n')
            if numDays != 'x' and numDays.isnumeric:
                shiftHighlights(service, int(numDays))
            elif numDays != 'x':
                print('Please input a number or (x) to cancel')
        else:
            print('That is not one of the options')

    except HttpError as error:
        print('An error occurred: %s' % error)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我设法让它做我想做的事，基本上就是这样，但是当我昨天尝试运行它时，它给出了一个错误请求的 http 400 错误。单击它提供的链接给了我这个:

{
  "error": {
    "code": 403,
    "message": "The request is missing a valid API key.",
    "errors": [
      {
        "message": "The request is missing a valid API key.",
        "domain": "global",
        "reason": "forbidden"
      }
    ],
    "status": "PERMISSION_DENIED"
  }
}

现在您可能已经看到，我留在代码中用于检索和显示前 10 个即将发生的事件。它仍然能够正常运行，但如果尝试创建事件或删除事件，则会显示此错误消息。我对这条消息感到很困惑，因为我已经完成了我认为需要的所有授权。我的客户端密码没有改变，但即便如此，我还是重新下载了它，看看它是否会做任何事情，但它没有。我删除了 token 并让它一次又一次地运行授权，我给予了许可。这也被证明是徒劳的，据我所知，我的示波器还不错。

这里有几个问题有类似的错误，但他们似乎出于与我不同的原因(据我所知)或者因为他们缺少我认为我已经拥有的授权。

同样，我对这类事情几乎没有经验，所以可能有一些非常明显的事情我没有做，但恐怕我真的不知道那可能是什么。

如果您能提供任何帮助，我们将不胜感激

Answer 1

我已经重新创建并运行了您的代码，但我无法遇到 403。代码看起来不错，应该可以工作，特别是因为您可以使用列表命令检索数据。这不是一个明确的答案，但要使其正常工作，您可以尝试:

• 在禁用和启用日历 API 后重新下载 credentials.json 文件。
• 仅使用 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar' 范围，因为这是限制最少的范围，也是创建事件所需的范围。
• 删除 token.json 文件以强制 OAuth 让您重新登录。

尽管如此，我确实设法找到了一个错误，该错误会导致您的代码在启动和运行时失败。 'start' 和 'end' 属性同时需要 'dateTime' 和 'timeZone' 属性作为它是在 this 中完成的例子。因此这段代码会失败:

newEvent['start']['dateTime'] = str(workingDate) + 'T13:00:00+3:00'
newEvent['end']['dateTime'] = str(workingDate) + 'T17:00:00+03:00'

并且应该替换为这个:

newEvent['start']['dateTime'] = str(workingDate) + 'T13:00:00'
newEvent['start']['timeZone'] = 'Your timeZone'
newEvent['end']['dateTime'] = str(workingDate) + 'T17:00:00'#Having the +3:00 will fail
newEvent['end']['timeZone'] = 'Your timeZone'

当然，您可以在维基百科中找到您的时区:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones