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我正在尝试按照本教程使用 R ( https://rpubs.com/brandonkopp/creating-a-treemap-in-r ) 进行数据可视化,但正在使用的数据集不再可用:
url <- "https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2017/assets/outlays.csv"
outlays <- read.csv(url, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
Error in file(file, "rt") : cannot open the connection
In addition: Warning message:
In file(file, "rt") :
cannot open URL 'https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2017/assets/outlays.csv': HTTP status was '404 Not Found'
使用“Wayback Machine”,我找到了这个网站的存档版本:https://web.archive.org/web/20160705194932/https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2017/assets/outlays.csv
本网站的数据以下列形式存储:
Agency Code,Agency Name,Bureau Code,Bureau Name,Account Code,Account Name,Treasury Agency Code,Subfunction Code,Subfunction Title,BEA Category,Grant/non-grant split,On- or Off- Budget,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,TQ,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021
001,Legislative Branch,00,Legislative Branch,,"Receipts, Central fiscal operations",,803,Central fiscal operations,Mandatory,Nongrant,On-budget,-628,-390,-469,-413,-410,-722,-464,-522,-439,-360,-343,-427,-539,-307,-287,-132,-429,-385,-726,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
001,Legislative Branch,00,Legislative Branch,,"Receipts, Central fiscal operations",,908,Other interest,Net interest,Nongrant,On-budget,0,0,0,-8,-7,-7,-7,-6,-6,-6,-5,-4,-4,-4,-30,-17,-104,-61,-548,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
001,Legislative Branch,00,Legislative Branch,241400,Charges for services to trust funds,,803,Central fiscal operations,Mandatory,Nongrant,On-budget,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-32,-40,-24,0,-26,-50,0,-28,-31,-16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
001,Legislative Branch,05,Senate,0000,Senate,00,801,Legislative functions,Discretionary,Nongrant,On-budget,"26,946","29,310","29,914","33,261","35,388","38,060","42,441","47,619","57,585","65,050","74,140","78,870","93,066","102,237","123,851","31,104","138,507","158,208","169,454","183,890","195,467","213,229","227,439",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
我不确定如何获取这种格式的数据,然后将其导入 R。
有人可以建议如何做到这一点吗?又或者我把这个问题弄得太复杂了,这个数据集实际上可能在其他地方可用?
谢谢!
最佳答案
使用 read.csv
。使用选择<右键单击>>> This Frame >> Show only this frame 时获得的链接。
data <- read.csv('https://web.archive.org/web/20160705194932if_/https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2017/assets/outlays.csv')
str(data)
# 'data.frame': 5086 obs. of 73 variables:
# $ Agency.Code : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
# $ Agency.Name : chr "Legislative Branch" "Legislative Branch" "Legislative Branch" "Legislative Branch" ...
# $ Bureau.Code : int 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 ...
# $ Bureau.Name : chr "Legislative Branch" "Legislative Branch" "Legislative Branch" "Senate" ...
# $ Account.Code : int NA NA 241400 0 100 101 107 108 110 115 ...
# $ Account.Name : chr "Receipts, Central fiscal operations" "Receipts, Central fiscal operations" "Charges for services to trust funds" "Senate" ...
# $ Treasury.Agency.Code : int NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
# $ Subfunction.Code : int 803 908 803 801 801 801 801 801 801 801 ...
# $ Subfunction.Title : chr "Central fiscal operations" "Other interest" "Central fiscal operations" "Legislative functions" ...
# $ BEA.Category : chr "Mandatory" "Net interest" "Mandatory" "Discretionary" ...
# $ Grant.non.grant.split: chr "Nongrant" "Nongrant" "Nongrant" "Nongrant" ...
# $ On..or.Off..Budget : chr "On-budget" "On-budget" "On-budget" "On-budget" ...
# $ X1962 : chr "-628" "0" "0" "26,946" ...
# $ X1963 : chr "-390" "0" "0" "29,310" ...
# $ X1964 : chr "-469" "0" "0" "29,914" ...
# $ X1965 : chr "-413" "-8" "0" "33,261" ...
# $ X1966 : chr "-410" "-7" "0" "35,388" ...
# $ X1967 : chr "-722" "-7" "0" "38,060" ...
# $ X1968 : chr "-464" "-7" "0" "42,441" ...
# $ X1969 : chr "-522" "-6" "-32" "47,619" ...
# $ X1970 : chr "-439" "-6" "-40" "57,585" ...
# $ X1971 : chr "-360" "-6" "-24" "65,050" ...
# $ X1972 : chr "-343" "-5" "0" "74,140" ...
# $ X1973 : chr "-427" "-4" "-26" "78,870" ...
# $ X1974 : chr "-539" "-4" "-50" "93,066" ...
# $ X1975 : chr "-307" "-4" "0" "102,237" ...
# $ X1976 : chr "-287" "-30" "-28" "123,851" ...
# $ TQ : chr "-132" "-17" "-31" "31,104" ...
# $ X1977 : chr "-429" "-104" "-16" "138,507" ...
# $ X1978 : chr "-385" "-61" "0" "158,208" ...
# $ X1979 : chr "-726" "-548" "0" "169,454" ...
# $ X1980 : chr "0" "0" "0" "183,890" ...
# $ X1981 : chr "0" "0" "0" "195,467" ...
# $ X1982 : chr "0" "0" "0" "213,229" ...
# $ X1983 : chr "0" "0" "0" "227,439" ...
# $ X1984 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1985 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1986 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1987 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1988 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1989 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1990 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1991 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1992 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1993 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1994 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1995 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1996 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1997 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1998 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X1999 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2000 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2001 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2002 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2003 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2004 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2005 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2006 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2007 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2008 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2009 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2010 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2011 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2012 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2013 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2014 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2015 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2016 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2017 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2018 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2019 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2020 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
# $ X2021 : chr "0" "0" "0" "0" ...
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