python - 找不到文件错误 : [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'ifconfig'

Question

我被教导如何通过 subprocess.call 的两种方法更改 mac 地址，而第一种方法成功但第二种方法给我错误，我无法理解这是我的代码:

#! /usr/bin/python3.5
import subprocess
interface = input("Enter Interface of Your Choice: ")
mac_chg = input("Enter New Mac Address: ")
print("[+]Changing Mac ADDRESS of " + interface + " to " + mac_chg)
subprocess.call(["ifconfig", interface, "down"])
subprocess.call(["ifconfig", interface, "hw", "ether", mac_chg])
subprocess.call(["ifconfig", interface, "up"])

这是错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/kali/PycharmProjects/hello/main.py", line 7, in <module>
    subprocess.call(["ifconfig", interface, "down"])
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 340, in call
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as p:
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 854, in __init__
    self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 1702, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'ifconfig'

Process finished with exit code 1

由于这个错误，我无法继续进行。

Answer 1

在 Linux 中，默认情况下 subprocess.call 不使用 shell 来运行我们的命令，因此您不能使用像 cd 这样的 shell 命令。

所以只需向 subprocess.call 添加一个参数即 shell=True 然后尝试执行。

例如:

subprocess.call(["ifconfig", interface, "down"], shell=True)