Xelatex 编译器出现 Latex 运行时错误

Question

环境:ubuntu18.04 + texlive-2020 + texstudio

我已经成功安装了 texlive 并通过 latex -v 进行了测试； xelatex -v，他们工作得很好。在 texstudio 中，我完成了使用 latex、pdflatex、xelatex 和 lualatex 路径配置我的 texstudio。

这是我的 latex 代码，非常容易阅读:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xeCJK}

\begin{document}
    
    hello,你好
    
\end{document}

但是当我用 xelatex 编译时，我想出了这样的错误:(我用 pdflatex 编译器构建它，它在没有中文的情况下工作得很好。)

expl3.sty error: line 148

File ended while scanning use of \__sys_tmp:w. { \sys_load_backend:n { } }

Missing number, treated as zero. { \sys_load_backend:n { } }

Missing = inserted for \ifnum. { \sys_load_backend:n { } }

Missing number, treated as zero. { \sys_load_backend:n { } }

xeCJK.sty error:

TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [save size=80000]. \xeCJKResetCharClass

我看到了代码片段 expl3.sty 第 148 行:

{ \sys_load_backend:n { } }

既没有任何括号错误也没有语法错误，这个错误是怎么出来的？(我认为超出的错误可能是其他错误造成的。)我的 latex 构建日志:

(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/xecjk/xeCJK.sty
(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3kernel/expl3.sty
Package: expl3 2021-01-09 L3 programming layer (loader) 

(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3backend/l3backend-xetex.def
File: l3backend-xetex.def 2020-01-29 L3 backend support: XeTeX

(|extractbb --version))
Runaway argument?
\q_stop <\__int_eval:w \c_zero_int \__int_eval_end: \exp_after:wN \use_ii:nnn \
ETC.
! File ended while scanning use of \__sys_tmp:w.
<inserted text> 
                \par 
l.148   { \sys_load_backend:n { } }
                                   
I suspect you have forgotten a `}', causing me
to read past where you wanted me to stop.
I'll try to recover; but if the error is serious,
you'd better type `E' or `X' now and fix your file.

! Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again> 
                   \__kernel_tl_set:Nx 
l.148   { \sys_load_backend:n { } }
                                   
A number should have been here; I inserted `0'.
(If you can't figure out why I needed to see a number,
look up `weird error' in the index to The TeXbook.)

! Missing = inserted for \ifnum.
<to be read again> 
                   \__kernel_tl_set:Nx 
l.148   { \sys_load_backend:n { } }
                                   
I was expecting to see `<', `=', or `>'. Didn't.

! Missing number, treated as zero.
<to be read again> 
                   \__kernel_tl_set:Nx 
l.148   { \sys_load_backend:n { } }
                                   
A number should have been here; I inserted `0'.
(If you can't figure out why I needed to see a number,
look up `weird error' in the index to The TeXbook.)

)
Package: xeCJK 2020/10/19 v3.8.6 Typesetting CJK scripts with XeLaTeX

(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/l3keys2e/l3keys2e.sty
Package: l3keys2e 2020-10-27 LaTeX2e option processing using LaTeX3 keys
)
(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xtemplate/xtemplate.st
y
Package: xtemplate 2020-10-27 L3 Experimental prototype document functions
\l__xtemplate_tmp_dim=\dimen139
\l__xtemplate_tmp_int=\count181
\l__xtemplate_tmp_muskip=\muskip16
\l__xtemplate_tmp_skip=\skip49
) (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xparse/xparse.sty
Package: xparse 2020-10-27 L3 Experimental document command parser

(/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/l3packages/xparse/xparse-generic.
tex))
\l__xeCJK_tmp_int=\count182
\l__xeCJK_tmp_box=\box47
\l__xeCJK_tmp_dim=\dimen140
\l__xeCJK_tmp_skip=\skip50
 (/usr/local/texlive/2020/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexhook.sty
Package: ctexhook 2020/10/19 v2.5.5 Document and package hooks (CTEX)
)
\g__xeCJK_space_factor_int=\count183
\l__xeCJK_begin_int=\count184
\l__xeCJK_end_int=\count185
\c__xeCJK_CJK_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass1
\c__xeCJK_FullLeft_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass2
\c__xeCJK_FullRight_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass3
\c__xeCJK_HalfLeft_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass4
\c__xeCJK_HalfRight_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass5
\c__xeCJK_NormalSpace_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass6
\c__xeCJK_CM_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass7
\c__xeCJK_HangulJamo_class_int=\XeTeXcharclass8

! TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [save size=80000].
<argument> ..._xeCJK_begin_int =\l__xeCJK_tmp_int 
                                                  \int_incr:N \l__xeCJK_begi...
l.656 \xeCJKResetCharClass
                          
If you really absolutely need more capacity,
you can ask a wizard to enlarge me.

 
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
 973 strings out of 477220
 23745 string characters out of 5830450
 300467 words of memory out of 5000000
 20745 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
 403438 words of font info for 28 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
 1348 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
 67i,0n,75p,234b,80001s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s
No pages of output.

所以我的问题是:

1. 什么是\sys_load_backend，是关键字吗？
2. expl3.sty 文件是否损坏？如果是，我该如何解决？
3. 最坏的情况:我需要重置 texlive 吗？虽然我已经这样做了两次 :(

Answer 1

我通过在 TexStudio 对路径的理解中添加 TexLive 解决了这个问题:

1. 从“选项”下拉菜单中打开“配置 TeXstudio...”。
2. 选中“显示高级选项”。
3. 转到“构建”部分。
4. 在“Build Options”中，在“Commands ($PATH)”字段中填写 TeXLive bin 目录。