xml - 如何向 PSCustomObject 添加值(XML 到 CSV 的转换)

Question

我正在尝试构建一个脚本来将 XML 文件转换为 CSV。我开始遵循本指南 https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/542481/parse-xml-to-csv-help.html但我现在遇到以下情况:

我的代码的第一部分工作正常，它在第一列写入 CSV 文件，但是当它通过以下迭代时，即使将值输出到控制台，它也不会将值写入文件。这是我的代码:

[xml]$x = Get-Content C:\Users\Desktop\Policy.xml

$x.Profiles |
    ForEach-Object{
            $_.Profile |
                ForEach-Object{
                    $_.Ruleset |
                        ForEach-Object{
                            Write-Host "Policy ID = " $_.ID
                            [PSCustomObject]@{
                                policyName = $_.ID
                            }
                            $_.Conditions |
                                ForEach-Object{
                                    $_.condition |
                                        ForEach-Object{
                                            if($_.name -eq "Resource") {
                                                Write-Host "Resource = " $_.'#text'
                                                [PSCustomObject]@{
                                                    resource = $_.'#text'
                                                }
                                            }
                                            if($_.name -eq "Action") {
                                                Write-Host "Action = " $_.'#text'
                                                [PSCustomObject]@{
                                                    action = $_.'#text'
                                                }
                                            }
                                            if($_.name -eq "actor") {
                                                Write-Host "actor = " $_.'#text'
                                                [PSCustomObject]@{
                                                    actor = $_.'#text'
                                                }
                                            }
                                            if($_.name -eq "child") {
                                                Write-Host "child = " $_.'#text'
                                                [PSCustomObject]@{
                                                    child = $_.'#text'
                                                }
                                            }
                                            if($_.name -eq "number") {
                                                Write-Host "number = " $_.'#text'
                                                [PSCustomObject]@{
                                                    number = $_.'#text'
                                                }
                                            }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
    } | Export-Csv C:\Users\Desktop\policy.csv -NoTypeInformation

因此，直到第一个 [PSCustomObject](第 10 行)它工作正常并且 policyName 列被写入 CSV 值及其相应的值。但是在第二个 [PSCustomObject](第 19 行)应该写入 Resource/Action/actor/child/number 的地方，它不再写入文件。

将这些值添加到现有的 [PSCustomObject] 中的正确方法是什么？

供引用:

XML 片段

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Profiles xmlns:pcrf="nothing interesting here">
    <Profile Desc="some description" ID="someid" Prio="0">
        <Ruleset Class="class1" Desc="" ID="policyid1" Prio="10" active="true">
            <Conditions>
                <condition name="Resource" type="matchExact">resource1</condition>
                <condition name="Action" type="matchExact">action1</condition>
                <condition name="actor" type="matchExact">actor1</condition>
            </Conditions>
        </Ruleset>
        <Ruleset Class="classX" Desc="" ID="policyidX" Prio="10" active="true">
            <Conditions>
                <condition name="Resource" type="matchExact">resource4</condition>
                <condition name="Action" type="matchExact">action4</condition>
                <condition name="child" type="matchExact">child1,child2</condition>
            </Conditions>
        </Ruleset>
    </Profile>
    <Profile Desc="some description" ID="someid" Prio="0">
        <Ruleset Class="classY" Desc="" ID="policyidY" Prio="10" active="true">
            <Conditions>
                <condition name="Resource" type="matchExact">resource99</condition>
                <condition name="Action" type="matchExact">action00</condition>
                <condition name="child" type="matchExact">child5</condition>
                <condition name="number" type="matchExact">number1</condition>
            </Conditions>
        </Ruleset>
    </Profile>
</Profiles>

结果我得到了这个 CSV:

"policyName"
"policyid1"

这是 powershell 输出:

PS C:\Users\Desktop> .\xmltocsv.ps1
Policy ID =  policyid1
Resource =  resource1
Action =  action1
actor =  actor1
Resource =  resource4
Action =  action4
child =  child1,child2
Resource =  resource99
Action =  action00
child = child5
number =  number1

这是我希望得到的 CSV 文件:

"policyName","Resource","Action","actor","child","number"
"policyid1","resource1","action1","actor1","",""
"policyidX","resource4","action4","","child1,child2",""
"policyidY","resource99","action0","","child5","number1"

Answer 1

代码的主要问题是您需要根据 <condition> 创建一个输出对象元素，具有从父元素及其子元素收集的属性值，而您正在为每个输出对象的属性创建一个单独的对象([pscustomobject])；这是一个大大简化的解决方案:

$x.Profiles.Profile.Ruleset.Conditions |
  ForEach-Object {
    $outputObj = [pscustomobject] @{
      # Get the policy ID from the parent node.
      policyId = $_.ParentNode.ID
      # The following properties are filled in below.
      Resource = ''
      Action = ''
      actor = ''
      child = ''
      number = ''
    }
    # Loop over all child elements and fill in the property
    # that corresponds to the "name" attribute with the element's inner text.
    # Note that the "name" *attribute* actually shadows
    # the element's type-native .Name *property*.
    foreach ($el in $_.ChildNodes) {
      $outputObj.($el.name) = $el.InnerText
    }
    # Output the resulting object
    $outputObj
  } | 
  ConvertTo-Csv  # To export to a *file, use Export-Csv

这会产生问题中所示的所需输出。

注意:

• 这创建了一个 [pscustomobject]每<Conditions>元素，具有从父元素收集的属性值以及一组固定的属性，如果存在于基于匹配的子元素中，则填充这些属性 name属性值，使用匹配的子元素的内部文本作为属性值。

• 请注意属性访问 .Profiles.Profile.Ruleset.Conditions 隐式 遍历多个 <Profile>和 <Ruleset>元素并将它们全部返回，这要归功于名为 member-access enumeration 的功能.