spring - 如何模拟 Spring Data 和单元测试服务

Question

我正在尝试对服务方法进行单元测试。服务方法调用 spring 数据存储库方法来获取一些数据。我想模拟那个存储库调用，并自己提供数据。怎么做？关注 Spring Boot documentation ，当我模拟存储库并在我的测试代码中直接调用存储库方法时，模拟正在工作。但是当我调用 service 方法时，它又会调用存储库方法，mocking 不起作用。下面是示例代码:

服务等级:

@Service
public class PersonService {

    private final PersonRepository personRepository;

    @Autowired
    public PersonService(personRepository personRepository) {

        this.personRepository = personRepository;
    }

    public List<Person> findByName(String name) {
        return personRepository.findByName(name); // I'd like to mock this call
    }
}

测试类:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ApplicationTests {

    // http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-testing-spring-boot-applications-mocking-beans
    @MockBean
    private PersonRepository personRepository;

    @Autowired
    private PersonService personService;

    private List<Person> people = new ArrayList<>();

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() throws Exception {

        people.add(new Person());
        people.add(new Person());

        given(this.personRepository.findByName("Sanjay Patel")).willReturn(people);

        assertTrue(personService.findByName("Sanjay Patel") == 2); // fails
    }
}

Answer 1

对于 Spring Data 存储库，您需要指定 bean 名称。通过类型模拟似乎不起作用，因为存储库是运行时的动态代理。
PersonRepository 的默认 bean 名称是“personRepository”，所以这应该有效:

@MockBean("personRepository")
private PersonRepository personRepository;

这是完整的测试:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ApplicationTests {

    // http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-testing-spring-boot-applications-mocking-beans
    @MockBean("personRepository")
    private PersonRepository personRepository;

    @Autowired
    private PersonService personService;

    private List<Person> people = new ArrayList<>();

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() throws Exception {

        people.add(new Person());
        people.add(new Person());

        given(this.personRepository.findByName("Sanjay Patel")).willReturn(people);

        assertTrue(personService.findByName("Sanjay Patel") == 2); // fails
    }
}