powershell - 验证用户输入的 IP 地址

Question

我正在制作一个脚本来在本地主机上设置 IP、子网掩码、网关和 DNS 服务器地址。我有一个工作脚本，但我想确保输入的 IP 地址是数字字符，并且每个八位字节的范围在 0-255 之间。
任何帮助，将不胜感激。

     $IP = Read-Host -Prompt 'Please enter the Static IP Address.  Format 192.168.x.x'
                $MaskBits = 24 # This means subnet mask = 255.255.255.0
                $Gateway = Read-Host -Prompt 'Please enter the defaut gateway IP Address.  Format 192.168.x.x'
                $Dns = Read-Host -Prompt 'Please enter the DNS IP Address.  Format 192.168.x.x'
                $IPType = "IPv4"

            # Retrieve the network adapter that you want to configure
               $adapter = Get-NetAdapter | ? {$_.Status -eq "up"}

           # Remove any existing IP, gateway from our ipv4 adapter
 If (($adapter | Get-NetIPConfiguration).IPv4Address.IPAddress) {
    $adapter | Remove-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily $IPType -Confirm:$false
}

If (($adapter | Get-NetIPConfiguration).Ipv4DefaultGateway) {
    $adapter | Remove-NetRoute -AddressFamily $IPType -Confirm:$false
}

 # Configure the IP address and default gateway
$adapter | New-NetIPAddress `
    -AddressFamily $IPType `
    -IPAddress $IP `
    -PrefixLength $MaskBits `
    -DefaultGateway $Gateway

# Configure the DNS client server IP addresses
$adapter | Set-DnsClientServerAddress -ServerAddresses $DNS

Answer 1

检查这个 link .您可以将给定的字符串转换为 [ipaddress] .

PS C:\Windows\system32> [ipaddress]"192.168.1.1"

以上示例不会产生错误。如果您使用了无效的 IP 地址:

PS C:\Windows\system32> [ipaddress]"260.0.0.1"
Cannot convert value "260.0.0.1" to type "System.Net.IPAddress". Error: "An 
invalid IP address was specified."
At line:1 char:1
+ [ipaddress]"260.0.0.1"
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvalidCastParseTargetInvocation

您将收到一个可以被捕获的异常。