javascript - 如何修复必须使用导入来加载 ES 模块 discord.js

Question

我正在开发一个机器人我做了一个烤命令我收到了这个错误

internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1089
      throw new ERR_REQUIRE_ESM(filename, parentPath, packageJsonPath);
      ^

Error [ERR_REQUIRE_ESM]: Must use import to load ES Module: C:\Users\acer\Documents\test\node_modules\node-fetch\src\index.js
require() of ES modules is not supported.
require() of C:\Users\acer\Documents\test\node_modules\node-fetch\src\index.js from C:\Users\acer\Documents\test\commands\roast.js is an ES module file as it is a .js file whose nearest parent package.json contains "type": "module" which defines all .js files in that package scope as ES modules.
Instead rename index.js to end in .cjs, change the requiring code to use import(), or remove "type": "module" from C:\Users\acer\Documents\test\node_modules\node-fetch\package.json.

←[90m    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1089:13)←[39m
←[90m    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:937:32)←[39m
←[90m    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:778:12)←[39m
←[90m    at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:961:19)←[39m
←[90m    at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:92:18)←[39m
    at Object.<anonymous> (C:\Users\acer\Documents\test\commands\roast.js:3:15)
←[90m    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1072:14)←[39m
←[90m    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1101:10)←[39m
←[90m    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:937:32)←[39m
←[90m    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:778:12)←[39m {
  code: ←[32m'ERR_REQUIRE_ESM'←[39m

这是我的roast.js

const random = require("something-random-on-discord").Random
const oneLinerJoke = require('one-liner-joke');
const fetch = require('node-fetch')
const Discord = require('discord.js')
module.exports = {
    name : 'roast',
    description : 'roasts a user',
    
  async execute(message, args){
       if (!args[0]) return message.channel.send('Invalid Format')
       const mentionedMember = message.guild.mentions.member.first();
       if (!mentionedMember) return message.channel.send('User not found')
        let msg = await message.channel.send('Setting a roast...')

        fetch('http://evilinsult.com/generate_insult.php?lang=en&type=json')
            .then(res => res.json())
            .then(json => {
                message.channel.send(json.insult)
            });
    }

}

这是我的 main.js

// Import the discord.js module
const Discord = require('discord.js');
const fs = require('fs');
// Create an instance of a Discord client
const client = new Discord.Client();
client.commands = new Discord.Collection();
const commandFiles = fs.readdirSync('./commands').filter(file => file.endsWith('.js'));
const prefix = "$"

/**
 * The ready event is vital, it means that only _after_ this will your bot start reacting to information
 * received from Discord
 */
client.on('ready', () => {
  console.log('I am ready!');
});
 
client.on('message', message => {
  if (!message.content.startsWith(prefix) || message.author.bot) return;

  const args = message.content.slice(prefix.length).trim().split(/ +/);
  const command = args.shift().toLowerCase();


  if(command === 'pingg'){
    client.commands.get('pingg').execute(message, args);
  }
  if(command === 'roast'){
    client.commands.get('roast').execute(message, args);
  }




  if (!client.commands.has(command)) return;

  try {
      client.commands.get(command).execute(message, args);
  } catch (error) {
      console.error(error);
      message.reply('there was an error trying to execute that command!');
  }
});
 

commandFiles.forEach(file => {
  const command = file.split(/.js$/)[0];
  client.commands.set(command, require(`./commands/${file}`));
});



client.login('censored');

Answer 1

如 README.md 中所述还...
另一种实现 fetch@3 的方法是导入 node-fetch使用异步 import()在 Node v12.20 中支持

const fetch = (...args) => import('node-fetch').then(({default: fetch}) => fetch(...args));

这也适用于 commonjs(下一个请求不会重新导入 node-fetch 因为模块被缓存)
这可以使 Node 进程启动更快，并且只在需要时延迟加载 node-fetch
这是另一种预加载方式:

const fetchP = import('node-fetch').then(mod => mod.default)
const fetch = (...args) => fetchP.then(fn => fn(...args))

您不必将您的孔项目转换为 ESM，只需 b/c 我们做到了。您也可以继续使用 v2 分支 - 我们将不断更新 v2 的错误/安全问题。但没有那么多新功能......
(仍然建议其他人切换到 ESM doe )
对于只关注类型的 TypeScript 用户，您可以执行以下操作: import type { Request } from 'node-fetch' (这不会导入或转换任何东西——这个打字注释将被丢弃)
在 #1279 有一个关于如何在 cjs 项目中导入/要求 Node 获取的漏洞部分