ruby-on-rails-4 - Rspec 3 - 如何在模型测试中处理 before_validation

Question

在我的模型中，我有一个 before_validation 方法:

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
 before_validation :generate_url
 ...

 private

def generate_url
   return unless self.url.blank?
   year = self.published_at.class == ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone ? self.published_at.year : DateTime.now.year
   self.url = "#{year}/#{self.title.parameterize}"
end

rspec/models/post.spec.rb

测试 w rspec-rails (3.1.0) 和 factory_girl_rails(4.4.1)，我得到了一个 spec/models/post_spec.rb 来验证 Post 模型和一个 spec/factories/post.rb

由于 before_validation 验证测试失败

 Post should require title to be set
 Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:title) }
 NoMethodError:
   undefined method `parameterize' for nil:NilClass
 # ./app/models/post.rb:69:in `generate_url'
 # ./spec/models/post_spec.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

在 generate_url 方法中使用调试语句，我得到 self 为 nil ...所以似乎工厂帖子没有被考虑在内

规范/模型/post_spec.rb

require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe Post, :type => :model do
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:title) }
  it { is_expected.to ensure_length_of(:title).is_at_least(5) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:content) }
  it { is_expected.to ensure_length_of(:content).is_at_least(10) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:url) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:url) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:published_at) }
end

规范/工厂/post.rb

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :post do
    user_id 1
    title "myTitle"
    content "myContent."
    published false
    published_at "2014-09-16 08:46:38"
  end
end
# note : attribute url is generated with before_validation

Answer 1

可以跳过 before_validation :

RSpec.describe Post, :type => :model do

  before{ Post.skip_callback(:validation, :before, :generate_url) }

  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:user_id) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:title) }
  it { is_expected.to ensure_length_of(:title).is_at_least(5) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:content) }
  it { is_expected.to ensure_length_of(:content).is_at_least(10) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:url) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:url) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:published_at) }
end

您还可以提供一个块，以便仅跳过该块的验证，如下所示:

RSpec.describe Post, :type => :model do

  Post.skip_callback(:validation, :before, :generate_url) do 
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:user_id) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:title) }
    it { is_expected.to ensure_length_of(:title).is_at_least(5) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:content) }
    it { is_expected.to ensure_length_of(:content).is_at_least(10) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:url) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:url) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:published_at) }
  end
end