android - 检测传入的 SMS 消息

Question

在我的 android 代码中，我试图检测传入的 SMS 消息。下面的代码自 2 年以来一直在工作，但现在它停止工作了。我错过了哪些更新？

public class SmsListener extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private String msgBody;
    private SharedPreferences preferences;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub


        if(intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")){

            Toast.makeText(context,"message received",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();           //---get the SMS message passed in---
            SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
            String msg_from;
            if (bundle != null){
                //---retrieve the SMS message received---
                try{
                    Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                    msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
                    for(int i=0; i<msgs.length; i++){
                        msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pdus[i]);
                        msg_from = msgs[i].getOriginatingAddress();
                        msgBody = msgs[i].getMessageBody();
                        MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);
                    }

                    Toast.makeText(context,"message is:"+msgBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }catch(Exception e){
                    Log.d("Exception caught",e.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }

在我的主要 Activity 中，我请求用户许可，并使用 SMS 接收器如下:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);



//Updated///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
           if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
            requestSmsPermission();
        else {
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        }

        ///////Updated///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    }


private void requestSmsPermission() {
    String permission = Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS;
    int grant = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission);
    if ( grant != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        String[] permission_list = new String[1];
        permission_list[0] = permission;
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permission_list, 1);

    }
}

  @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == 1) {
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        }
    }

我的 list .xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.zaidalmahmoud.expenseless">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />

    <application
        android:name=".MyApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".GraphActivity"></activity>
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <receiver
            android:name=".SmsListener"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BROADCAST_SMS">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <activity android:name=".DetailedExpenseActivity" />
    </application>

</manifest>

收到短信后，我的 android 应用程序没有检测到它，但它没有崩溃或显示任何内容。为什么？谢谢。

注意:我对使用验证码捕获短信不感兴趣。我希望我的应用程序能够捕获任何传入的短信。

Answer 1

Android 应用需要 SMS 接收/读取权限才能检索 SMS 内容。
Google 引入了 SMS Retriever API，该 API 允许在您的应用程序中无需 SMS 权限即可检索 OTP。



为 SMS Retriever API 添加这些依赖项

implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:16.0.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-identity:16.0.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:16.0.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth-api-phone:16.0.0'

然后创建如下界面:

public interface OnNewMessageListener {
    void onNewMessageReceived(String activationCode);
}

然后，创建一个 broadCastReceiver 来接收短信:

public class SmsBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener;

    public SmsBroadcastReceiver() {
    }

    public SmsBroadcastReceiver(OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener) {
        this.onNewMessageListener = onNewMessageListener;
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if (SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
            if (extras != null) {
                Status status = (Status) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_STATUS);

                if (status != null)
                    switch (status.getStatusCode()) {
                        case CommonStatusCodes.SUCCESS:
                            // Get SMS message contents
                            String message = (String) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_SMS_MESSAGE);
                            // Extract one-time code from the message and complete verification
                            // by sending the code back to your server.
                            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(message)) {
                                String activationCode = null;
                                Pattern p = Pattern.compile("your pattern like \\b\\d{4}\\b");
                                Matcher m = p.matcher(message);
                                if (m.find()) {
                                    activationCode = (m.group(0));  // The matched substring
                                }

                                if (onNewMessageListener != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(activationCode))
                                    onNewMessageListener.onNewMessageReceived(activationCode);
                            }
                            break;
                        case CommonStatusCodes.TIMEOUT:
                            // Waiting for SMS timed out (5 minutes)
                            // Handle the error ...
                            break;
                    }
            }
        }
    }
}

在您的 AndroidManifest 声明广播接收器:

        <receiver
            android:name=".SmsBroadcastReceiver"
            android:exported="true"
            tools:ignore="ExportedReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.google.android.gms.auth.api.phone.SMS_RETRIEVED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

在您的 Activity 中添加以下代码:

    private SmsBroadcastReceiver smsListener;

     @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    // Get an instance of SmsRetrieverClient, used to start listening for a matching
            // SMS message.
            SmsRetrieverClient client = SmsRetriever.getClient(Objects.requireNonNull(getContext()) /* context */);

            // Starts SmsRetriever, which waits for ONE matching SMS message until timeout
            // (5 minutes). The matching SMS message will be sent via a Broadcast Intent with
            // action SmsRetriever#SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.
            Task<Void> task = client.startSmsRetriever();

            // Listen for success/failure of the start Task. If in a background thread, this
            // can be made blocking using Tasks.await(task, [timeout]);
            task.addOnSuccessListener(aVoid -> {
                // Successfully started retriever, expect broadcast intent
                // ...
            });

            task.addOnFailureListener(e -> {
                // Failed to start retriever, inspect Exception for more details
                // ...
            });

            OnNewMessageListener onNewMessageListener = activationCode -> {
                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(activationCode)) {
                    editText.setText(String.valueOf(activationCode));
                }
            };
            smsListener = new SmsBroadcastReceiver(onNewMessageListener);
            if (getContext() != null)
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                    getContext().registerReceiver(smsListener, new IntentFilter(SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION));
                }
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        try {
            if (getContext() != null && smsListener != null) {
                getContext().unregisterReceiver(smsListener);
                smsListener = null;
            }
        } catch (Exception ignored) {
        }
    }

你的短信应该是这样的:

<#> Use 123456 as your verification code 
FC+7qAH5AZu

消息必须:

不超过 140 字节

以前缀 <#>

开头

包含一个一次性代码，客户端发送回您的服务器以完成验证流程(see Generating a one-time code)

以 11 个字符的哈希字符串结尾，用于标识您的应用 (see Computing your app’s hash string)

有关更多信息，请参阅此 link 。

更新

看到这个 link 。

编辑

将您的 Activity 更改为:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
            requestSmsPermission();
        else {
            smsListener = new SmsListener();
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
            registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
        }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    if (requestCode == 1) {
    smsListener= new SmsListener();
    IntentFilter intentFilter=new IntentFilter();
    intentFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
    registerReceiver(smsListener, intentFilter);
    }
}

更新

将您的 BroadcastReceiver 更改为:

public class SmsListener extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private String msgBody;
    private SharedPreferences preferences;

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub


        if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) {

            Toast.makeText(context, "message received", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
            try {
                if (bundle != null) {
                    final Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
                    for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
                        SmsMessage smsMessage;
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
                            smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i], bundle.getString("format"));
                        else smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);

                        msg_from = smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
                        msgBody = smsMessage.getMessageBody();
                        MainActivity.handleMessage(msgBody);
                    }
                    Toast.makeText(context, "message is:" + msgBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.d("Exception caught", e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }
}