android - 除了DataBinding之外，还有其他方法可以在Android Studio中多次使用具有不同属性的相同布局吗？

Question

I have the following Layout named sample_layout.xml and I want to use it multiple times but each time with a few changes.

<LinearLayout 
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp">

    <RelativeLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="110dp"
    android:background="@drawable/full_panel_blue"
    android:padding="10dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp">

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="120dp"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/first_icon" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="350dp"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:gravity="end"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textColor="@color/my_white"
            android:text="4000000"
            android:textSize="50sp"
            android:gravity="end"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:gravity="end"
            android:textColor="@color/my_white"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:text="Sample text" />

    </LinearLayout>

    </RelativeLayout>

</LinearLayout>

Lower is the layout where it will be included multiple times

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <include layout="@layout/sample_layout"/>
    <include layout="@layout/sample_layout"/>
    <include layout="@layout/sample_layout"/>

</LinearLayout>

So, I want to include it first time just as it is, but the second time instead of the @drawable/full_blue_panel, I want to use another drawable (@drawable/red_w_transparency). And also for the ImageView I want to use another src for the icon second time, and another one the third time. Maybe different text in the TextView each time and so on for any of the previously created attributes. I already tried something with DataBinding but I don't think it is exactly suitable for this. Is there any other way to this?

Answer 1

一般来说，我通过创建自定义 View 来解决这类问题。子类。此处介绍了基础知识:https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/custom-components.html#compound

简短的版本是您定义一些影响您要更改的部分的自定义属性，然后创建一个 View读取这些属性以修改其 View 层次结构的子类实现。

在您发布的示例中，您有以下相关要点:

• 根是一个LinearLayout
• 您想更改 RelativeLayout背景
• 您想更改 ImageView来源
• 您想更改 TextView正文

您可以在 attrs.xml 中创建这些属性:

<declare-styleable name="MyCompoundComponent">
    <attr name="background"/>
    <attr name="imageSrc"/>
    <attr name="primaryText"/>
</declare-styleable>

接下来，您将创建您的 View 类。由于您的原始布局的根是 LinearLayout ，我们将从中得出:

public class MyCompoundComponent extends LinearLayout {

    public MyCompoundComponent(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);

        TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyCompoundComponent);
        // read your attributes
        a.recycle();

        inflate(context, R.layout.my_compound_component, this);

        // find your views, use your attributes to modify them
    }
}

当然，您需要布局。您可以只使用上面发布的那个，除非您将根元素更改为 <merge>现在你在 LinearLayout 里面给它充气了.

有了所有这些，您就可以在其他布局中使用此 View ，就像使用任何其他 View 一样:

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <com.example.stackoverflow.MyCompoundComponent
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:background="@color/blue"
        app:imageSrc="@drawable/image1"
        app:primaryText="@string/text1"/>

    <com.example.stackoverflow.MyCompoundComponent
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:background="@color/red"
        app:imageSrc="@drawable/image2"
        app:primaryText="@string/text2"/>

</LinearLayout>