php - FFmpeg(来自视频的缩略图)在命令行中有效，但在 PHP 脚本中无效

Question

我查看了类似的问题，但那里的解决方案不适用于我的情况。有人有什么想法吗？我正在尝试从给定的视频文件中捕获缩略图。

后来，我的目标是从实时流媒体视频文件中捕获缩略图。

下面是我目前的设置。

Linux Ubuntu 16.04

PHP 版本 7.0

Nginx 版本 1.10.3

FFmpeg 版本 FFmpeg 2.8.11

我在我的 Ubuntu 服务器中通过以下命令安装了 FFmpeg。

apt-get update
apt-get install ffmpeg

当我在终端中键入以下命令行时，它可以很好地进行转换。

ffmpeg -i /etc/nginx/html/test.mp4 -ss 00:00:01 -vframes 1 -vf scale=240:120 /etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/test.png;

为了在 php 文件中使用它，我通过在终端中输入 which ffmpeg 来确认 ffmpeg 二进制文件的位置。 , 它返回 /usr/bin/ffmpeg
我还通过使用 chmod 755 授予目录权限命令行。

这是我的 ffmpeg.php 文件中的内容。
如您所见，我包含了我的 ffmpeg 的完整路径。

<?php
header("Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8");

$ffmpeg = "/usr/bin/ffmpeg";
$videoFile="/etc/nginx/html/test.mp4";
$thumbnail= "/etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/thumbnail1.jpg";

$cmd = "$ffmpeg -i $videoFile -ss 00:00:01 -vframes 1 -vf scale=240:120 $thumbnail 2>&1 &";

$output = shell_exec($cmd);
echo "<pre>".$output."</pre>";
?>

这将返回如下消息。

ffmpeg version 2.8.11-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2017 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 5.4.0 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 20160609
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.16.04.1 --build-suffix=-ffmpeg --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --cc=cc --cxx=g++ --enable-gpl --enable-shared --disable-stripping --disable-decoder=libopenjpeg --disable-decoder=libschroedinger --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzvbi --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-x11grab --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libiec61883 --enable-libzmq --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-libopencv
  libavutil      54. 31.100 / 54. 31.100
  libavcodec     56. 60.100 / 56. 60.100
  libavformat    56. 40.101 / 56. 40.101
  libavdevice    56.  4.100 / 56.  4.100
  libavfilter     5. 40.101 /  5. 40.101
  libavresample   2.  1.  0 /  2.  1.  0
  libswscale      3.  1.101 /  3.  1.101
  libswresample   1.  2.101 /  1.  2.101
  libpostproc    53.  3.100 / 53.  3.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '/etc/nginx/html/Share/test.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2mp41
    creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
    encoder         : Lavf53.24.2
  Duration: 00:00:06.40, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1321 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: mpeg4 (Simple Profile) (mp4v / 0x7634706D), yuv420p, 640x368 [SAR 1:1 DAR 40:23], 932 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 12800 tbn, 25 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, 5.1, fltp, 383 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
[swscaler @ 0x1621be0] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
Output #0, image2, to '/etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/thumbnail1.jpg':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2mp41
    encoder         : Lavf56.40.101
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: mjpeg, yuvj420p(pc), 240x120 [SAR 20:23 DAR 40:23], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn, 25 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
      encoder         : Lavc56.60.100 mjpeg
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mpeg4 (native) -> mjpeg (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[image2 @ 0x16165a0] Could not open file : /etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/thumbnail1.jpg
av_interleaved_write_frame(): Input/output error
frame=    1 fps=0.0 q=3.9 Lsize=N/A time=00:00:00.04 bitrate=N/A    
video:8kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown
Conversion failed!

更新:我还通过 chmod +x $(which ffmpeg) 允许 ffmpeg

我试过 php /etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.php在终端中，它也可以很好地转换。

  libavutil      54. 31.100 / 54. 31.100
  libavcodec     56. 60.100 / 56. 60.100
  libavformat    56. 40.101 / 56. 40.101
  libavdevice    56.  4.100 / 56.  4.100
  libavfilter     5. 40.101 /  5. 40.101
  libavresample   2.  1.  0 /  2.  1.  0
  libswscale      3.  1.101 /  3.  1.101
  libswresample   1.  2.101 /  1.  2.101
  libpostproc    53.  3.100 / 53.  3.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '/etc/nginx/html/Share/test.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2mp41
    creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
    encoder         : Lavf53.24.2
  Duration: 00:00:06.40, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1321 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: mpeg4 (Simple Profile) (mp4v / 0x7634706D), yuv420p, 640x368 [SAR 1:1 DAR 40:23], 932 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 12800 tbn, 25 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, 5.1, fltp, 383 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
[swscaler @ 0x72dbe0] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
Output #0, image2, to '/etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/thumbnail.jpg':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2mp41
    encoder         : Lavf56.40.101
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: mjpeg, yuvj420p(pc), 240x120 [SAR 20:23 DAR 40:23], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn, 25 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:00
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
      encoder         : Lavc56.60.100 mjpeg
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mpeg4 (native) -> mjpeg (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
frame=    1 fps=0.0 q=3.9 Lsize=N/A time=00:00:00.04 bitrate=N/A    
video:8kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown

Answer 1

您似乎没有该目录的正确权限/etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/
至少，这是我从错误消息 Could not open file : /etc/nginx/html/Share/ffmpeg/thumbnails/thumbnail1.jpg 中得到的。 .

如果这是问题的原因，一种快速而肮脏的测试方法是将目录权限级别更改为 777。(当然之后恢复)