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我有一些相当简单的 F# 异步代码可以从 Wikipedia 下载一百篇随机文章(用于研究)。
出于某种原因,代码在下载过程中的任意时间点挂起。有时是50后,有时是80后。
异步代码本身相当简单:
let parseWikiAsync(url:string, count:int ref) =
async {
use wc = new WebClientWithTimeout(Timeout = 5000)
let! html = wc.AsyncDownloadString(Uri(url))
let ret =
try html |> parseDoc |> parseArticle
with | ex -> printfn "%A" ex; None
lock count (fun () ->
if !count % 10 = 0 then
printfn "%d" !count
count := !count + 1
)
return ret
}
System.Net.WebClient
允许我指定超时的包装器:
type WebClientWithTimeout() =
inherit WebClient()
member val Timeout = 60000 with get, set
override x.GetWebRequest uri =
let r = base.GetWebRequest(uri)
r.Timeout <- x.Timeout
r
None
的文章。 (其中大部分是“消歧义页”),直到我刚好有 100 篇文章:
let en100 =
let count = ref 0
seq { for _ in 1..110 -> parseWikiAsync("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random", count) }
|> Async.Parallel
|> Async.RunSynchronously
|> Seq.choose id
|> Seq.take 100
AsyncDownloadString
或在 parseWikiAsync 的任何地方。还有什么可能导致这种情况?
> mscorlib.dll!System.Threading.WaitHandle.InternalWaitOne(System.Runtime.InteropServices.SafeHandle waitableSafeHandle, long millisecondsTimeout, bool hasThreadAffinity, bool exitContext) + 0x22 bytes
mscorlib.dll!System.Threading.WaitHandle.WaitOne(int millisecondsTimeout, bool exitContext) + 0x28 bytes
FSharp.Core.dll!Microsoft.FSharp.Control.AsyncImpl.ResultCell<Microsoft.FSharp.Control.AsyncBuilderImpl.Result<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<Program.ArticleData>[]>>.TryWaitForResultSynchronously(Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<int> timeout) + 0x36 bytes
FSharp.Core.dll!Microsoft.FSharp.Control.CancellationTokenOps.RunSynchronously<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<Program.ArticleData>[]>(System.Threading.CancellationToken token, Microsoft.FSharp.Control.FSharpAsync<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<Program.ArticleData>[]> computation, Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<int> timeout) + 0x1ba bytes
FSharp.Core.dll!Microsoft.FSharp.Control.FSharpAsync.RunSynchronously<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<Program.ArticleData>[]>(Microsoft.FSharp.Control.FSharpAsync<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<Program.ArticleData>[]> computation, Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<int> timeout, Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpOption<System.Threading.CancellationToken> cancellationToken) + 0xb9 bytes
WikiSurvey.exe!<StartupCode$WikiSurvey>.$Program.main@() Line 97 + 0x55 bytes F#
最佳答案
维基百科不应该在这里受到责备,它是如何的结果 Async.Parallel
在内部工作。 Async.Parallel
的类型签名是 seq<Async<'T>> -> Async<'T[]>
.它返回一个包含序列中所有结果的单个 Async 值——所以它直到 seq<Async<'T>>
中的所有计算才返回。返回。
为了说明这一点,我修改了您的代码,以便它跟踪未完成请求的数量,即已发送到服务器但尚未收到/解析响应的请求。
open Microsoft.FSharp.Control
open Microsoft.FSharp.Control.WebExtensions
open System
open System.Net
open System.Threading
type WebClientWithTimeout() =
inherit WebClient()
let mutable timeout = -1
member __.Timeout
with get () = timeout
and set value = timeout <- value
override x.GetWebRequest uri =
let r = base.GetWebRequest(uri)
r.Timeout <- x.Timeout
r
type ParsedDoc = ParsedDoc
type ParsedArticle = ParsedArticle
let parseDoc (str : string) = ParsedDoc
let parseArticle (doc : ParsedDoc) = Some ParsedArticle
/// A synchronized wrapper around Console.Out so we don't
/// get garbled console output.
let synchedOut =
System.Console.Out
|> System.IO.TextWriter.Synchronized
let parseWikiAsync(url : string, outstandingRequestCount : int ref) =
async {
use wc = new WebClientWithTimeout(Timeout = 5000)
wc.Headers.Add ("User-Agent", "Friendly Bot 1.0 (FriendlyBot@friendlybot.com)")
// Increment the outstanding request count just before we send the request.
do
// NOTE : The message must be created THEN passed to synchedOut.WriteLine --
// piping it (|>) into synchedOut.WriteLine or using fprintfn causes a closure
// to be created which somehow defeats the synchronization and garbles the output.
let msg =
Interlocked.Increment outstandingRequestCount
|> sprintf "Outstanding requests: %i"
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
let! html = wc.AsyncDownloadString(Uri(url))
let ret =
try html |> parseDoc |> parseArticle
with ex ->
let msg = sprintf "%A" ex
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
None
// Decrement the outstanding request count now that we've
// received a reponse and parsed it.
do
let msg =
Interlocked.Decrement outstandingRequestCount
|> sprintf "Outstanding requests: %i"
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
return ret
}
/// Writes a message to the console, passing a value through
/// so it can be used within a function pipeline.
let inline passThruWithMessage (msg : string) value =
Console.WriteLine msg
value
let en100 =
let outstandingRequestCount = ref 0
seq { for _ in 1..120 ->
parseWikiAsync("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random", outstandingRequestCount) }
|> Async.Parallel
|> Async.RunSynchronously
|> passThruWithMessage "Finished running all of the requests."
|> Seq.choose id
|> Seq.take 100
Outstanding requests: 4
Outstanding requests: 2
Outstanding requests: 1
Outstanding requests: 3
Outstanding requests: 5
Outstanding requests: 6
Outstanding requests: 7
Outstanding requests: 8
Outstanding requests: 9
Outstanding requests: 10
Outstanding requests: 12
Outstanding requests: 14
Outstanding requests: 15
Outstanding requests: 16
Outstanding requests: 17
Outstanding requests: 18
Outstanding requests: 13
Outstanding requests: 19
Outstanding requests: 20
Outstanding requests: 24
Outstanding requests: 22
Outstanding requests: 26
Outstanding requests: 27
Outstanding requests: 28
Outstanding requests: 29
Outstanding requests: 30
Outstanding requests: 25
Outstanding requests: 21
Outstanding requests: 23
Outstanding requests: 11
Outstanding requests: 29
Outstanding requests: 28
Outstanding requests: 27
Outstanding requests: 26
Outstanding requests: 25
Outstanding requests: 24
Outstanding requests: 23
Outstanding requests: 22
Outstanding requests: 21
Outstanding requests: 20
Outstanding requests: 19
Outstanding requests: 18
Outstanding requests: 17
Outstanding requests: 16
Outstanding requests: 15
Outstanding requests: 14
Outstanding requests: 13
Outstanding requests: 12
Outstanding requests: 11
Outstanding requests: 10
Outstanding requests: 9
Outstanding requests: 8
Outstanding requests: 7
Outstanding requests: 6
Outstanding requests: 5
Outstanding requests: 4
Outstanding requests: 3
Outstanding requests: 2
Outstanding requests: 1
Outstanding requests: 0
Finished running all of the requests.
seq
中明确指定要生成的元素数量。 ,这使得代码的可重用性降低。
seq
的用处。)我们将首先创建一个函数,它接受一个 Uri 并产生一个
seq<Async<'T>>
-- 即,它产生一个无限序列
Async<'T>
值,每个值都会从 Uri 中检索内容,解析它并返回结果。
/// Given a Uri, creates an infinite sequence of whose elements are retrieved
/// from the Uri.
let createDocumentSeq (uri : System.Uri) =
#if DEBUG
let outstandingRequestCount = ref 0
#endif
Seq.initInfinite <| fun _ ->
async {
use wc = new WebClientWithTimeout(Timeout = 5000)
wc.Headers.Add ("User-Agent", "Friendly Bot 1.0 (FriendlyBot@friendlybot.com)")
#if DEBUG
// Increment the outstanding request count just before we send the request.
do
// NOTE : The message must be created THEN passed to synchedOut.WriteLine --
// piping it (|>) into synchedOut.WriteLine or using fprintfn causes a closure
// to be created which somehow defeats the synchronization and garbles the output.
let msg =
Interlocked.Increment outstandingRequestCount
|> sprintf "Outstanding requests: %i"
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
#endif
let! html = wc.AsyncDownloadString uri
let ret =
try Some html
with ex ->
let msg = sprintf "%A" ex
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
None
#if DEBUG
// Decrement the outstanding request count now that we've
// received a reponse and parsed it.
do
let msg =
Interlocked.Decrement outstandingRequestCount
|> sprintf "Outstanding requests: %i"
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
#endif
return ret
}
//
let en100_Streaming =
#if DEBUG
let documentCount = ref 0
#endif
Uri ("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random")
|> createDocumentSeq
|> Seq.choose (fun asyncDoc ->
Async.RunSynchronously asyncDoc
|> Option.bind (parseDoc >> parseArticle))
#if DEBUG
|> Seq.map (fun x ->
let msg =
Interlocked.Increment documentCount
|> sprintf "Parsed documents: %i"
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
x)
#endif
|> Seq.take 50
// None of the computations actually take place until
// this point, because Seq.toArray forces evaluation of the sequence.
|> Seq.toArray
Seq.take
的值。 .
Async.Parallel
的函数执行
小并行批量请求,然后使用
Seq.collect
将结果组合回一个平面序列。
/// Given a sequence of Async<'T>, creates a new sequence whose elements
/// are computed in batches of a specified size.
let parallelBatch batchSize (sequence : seq<Async<'T>>) =
sequence
|> Seq.windowed batchSize
|> Seq.collect (fun batch ->
batch
|> Async.Parallel
|> Async.RunSynchronously)
let en100_Batched =
let batchSize = 10
#if DEBUG
let documentCount = ref 0
#endif
Uri ("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random")
|> createDocumentSeq
// Execute batches in parallel
|> parallelBatch batchSize
|> Seq.choose (Option.bind (parseDoc >> parseArticle))
#if DEBUG
|> Seq.map (fun x ->
let msg =
Interlocked.Increment documentCount
|> sprintf "Parsed documents: %i"
synchedOut.WriteLine msg
x)
#endif
|> Seq.take 50
// None of the computations actually take place until
// this point, because Seq.toArray forces evaluation of the sequence.
|> Seq.toArray
WebClientWithTimeout
类,只需使用
WebClient
直接地。
关于asynchronous - F# 异步挂起,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12169463/
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