java - 后缀和 openJDK 11 : "No appropriate protocol (protocol is disabled or cipher suites are inappropriate)"

Question

我知道这个话题还有其他一些问题(有答案)。但这些都对我没有帮助。
我有一个后缀服务器(debian 10 上的后缀 3.4.14)，配置如下(只有有趣的部分):

smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1
smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, LOW, EXP, MEDIUM, ADH, AECDH, MD5, DSS, ECDSA, 
    CAMELLIA128, 3DES, CAMELLIA256, RSA+AES, eNULL
smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, LOW, EXP, MEDIUM, ADH, AECDH, MD5, DSS, ECDSA, 
    CAMELLIA128, 3DES, CAMELLIA256, RSA+AES, eNULL
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
tls_high_cipherlist = !aNULL:!eNULL:!CAMELLIA:HIGH:@STRENGTH

如果我使用 openssl 检查配置，我会得到(请注意，我使用“xxxxxx.de”使域名无法识别):

#> openssl s_client -connect xxxxxx.de:25 -starttls smtp
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 O = Digital Signature Trust Co., CN = DST Root CA X3
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = Internet Security Research Group, CN = ISRG Root X1
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
verify return:1
depth=0 CN = xxxxxx.de
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/CN=xxxxxx.de
   i:/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3
 1 s:/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3
   i:/C=US/O=Internet Security Research Group/CN=ISRG Root X1
 2 s:/C=US/O=Internet Security Research Group/CN=ISRG Root X1
   i:/O=Digital Signature Trust Co./CN=DST Root CA X3
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFRjCCBC6gAwIBAgISA6SNmc1MPKtxwSiNNKEvxc/EMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
MDIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1MZXQncyBFbmNyeXB0MQswCQYDVQQD
...
...
...
VG2iG8sEGCcgG4w1LnWTO4tMlCYFE+tcXxAfE/7pB/VjmvRZlLCypanuwBzVRw5W
bPwabUtCMRDrRlT8wI9UHAhQYTb5Hhm0F0u1hi6e/7fybK6tuFnPpWs/vgT3Z4Fj
2onoaTHk/rKlhQ==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/CN=xxxxxx.de
issuer=/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=R3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Peer signing digest: SHA256
Server Temp Key: ECDH, P-256, 256 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 4950 bytes and written 450 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1.2
    Cipher    : ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
    Session-ID: B20E725616C98083988847B90FB42BFDCAEED745129C53E79E723692C641F6F5
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: A3D2C497E11E47C6260C119E47DC3B4CAA119485EAFA5BCF6CDA882F115D80E78960C802A48E375DAA293A3A2C1DAE35
    Key-Arg   : None
    Krb5 Principal: None
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    TLS session ticket lifetime hint: 7200 (seconds)
    TLS session ticket:
    0000 - ec 40 39 d6 f4 94 ac 7b-d8 f8 ef 94 98 62 d7 35   .@9....{.....b.5
    0010 - de fb c3 f5 f3 b1 3a d1-24 3e 62 57 fb 06 56 eb   ......:.$>bW..V.
    0020 - 84 61 2a 0d 30 7d 9f ac-70 e7 a8 a3 23 4a c6 57   .a*.0}..p...#J.W
    0030 - dc 21 7c d3 5d f4 e8 14-c5 4c 18 da 35 1d 32 49   .!|.]....L..5.2I
    0040 - f0 19 de 75 77 22 25 f9-74 4d a2 47 39 0d ce 75   ...uw"%.tM.G9..u
    0050 - 0a 04 41 85 0d 67 05 fe-a4 09 ec 72 4b a5 ad f4   ..A..g.....rK...
    0060 - 8b 73 a2 a3 2e 28 46 b8-2a 60 4b ed ce 75 09 fb   .s...(F.*`K..u..
    0070 - ef 95 e3 e2 6e 6a 90 bd-9e 46 e8 c9 aa 52 c3 ae   ....nj...F...R..
    0080 - 72 6f 9f 37 fd 6c 12 e9-bb 60 83 c6 c4 44 ca 85   ro.7.l...`...D..
    0090 - cb ee 1d bd 69 29 77 31-4f 96 d5 4d 93 8e 63 d2   ....i)w1O..M..c.

    Start Time: 1623221077
    Timeout   : 300 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
250 CHUNKING

在这里我想知道这条线

New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384

因为后缀配置应该禁用 TLSv1/SSLv3。这可能是问题吗？
然而。在客户端，我有一个 Java 应用程序(openJDK 11.0.11)，每次发送电子邮件时，我都会收到:

javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not convert socket to TLS;
nested exception is:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: No appropriate protocol (protocol is disabled or cipher suites are inappropriate)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.startTLS(SMTPTransport.java:1907)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:666)
at javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:295)
...

当然，我已经编辑了 conf/security/java.security文件。我已经添加了 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384如 jdk.tls.legacyAlgorithms .这里是来自 java.securtity 的有趣设置:

jdk.tls.legacyAlgorithms= \
        K_NULL, C_NULL, M_NULL, \
        DH_anon, ECDH_anon, \
        RC4_128, RC4_40, DES_CBC, DES40_CBC, \
        3DES_EDE_CBC, ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM, ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384

jdk.certpath.disabledAlgorithms=MD2, MD5, SHA1 jdkCA & usage TLSServer, \
    RSA keySize < 1024, DSA keySize < 1024, EC keySize < 224, \
    include jdk.disabled.namedCurves

jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, RC4, DES, MD5withRSA, \
    DH keySize < 1024, EC keySize < 224, 3DES_EDE_CBC, anon, NULL, \
    include jdk.disabled.namedCurves

可能是我瞎了，但我看不出我的问题在哪里......
编辑
好的，起初我已经从 jdk.tls.legacyAlgorithms 中删除了我的扩展名。因为这没有帮助而且是错误的(感谢 dave_thompson_085 的提示)。
这是用于发送电子邮件的 Java 代码(该代码具有“很长”的历史，所以请不要想知道为什么使用了 Vector 而不是 ArrayList...)

    // create some properties and get the default Session
    Properties props = new Properties();
    props.put("mail.smtp.host", smtpServer);
    props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
    props.put("mail.debug", "true");

    // SMTP AUTH?
    Session session;
    if (username != null && pwd != null && username.length() > 0 && pwd.length() > 0) {
      props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
//      props.put("mail.smtp.user", username);
//      props.put("mail.password", pwd);
      
      // if SMTP AUTH: use in every case TLS!
      tls = true;
      
      session = Session.getInstance(props, new MyPasswordAuthenticator(username, pwd));
    } else {
      session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);
    }
    
    // TLS?
    if (tls) {
      props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
//      props.put("mail.smtp.tls", "true");
    }

    // create a message
    SMTPMessage mimeMsg = new SMTPMessage(session);
  
    InternetAddress addressFrom = new InternetAddress(sender);
    mimeMsg.setFrom(addressFrom);
    mimeMsg.setEnvelopeFrom(sender);
  
    // set recipients ...
    InternetAddress[] tos = new InternetAddress[receivers.size()];
    int i = 0;
    for (String addr : receivers) {
      tos[i++] = new InternetAddress(addr, extractPersonalNameFromEMailAddr(addr));
    }

    // set cc recipients ...
    InternetAddress[] ccAddrs = new InternetAddress[0];
    if (ccs != null) {
      ccAddrs = new InternetAddress[ccs.size()];
      
      i = 0;
      for (String addr : ccs) { 
        ccAddrs[i++] = new InternetAddress(addr, extractPersonalNameFromEMailAddr(addr));
      }
    }

    mimeMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, tos);
    mimeMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, ccAddrs);

    // set return notifications
    if (readNotificationRequest) {
      String notifyAddr = replyTo;
      if (notifyAddr == null || notifyAddr.trim().length() == 0) notifyAddr = sender;
      
      mimeMsg.addHeader("Disposition-Notification-To", "<" + notifyAddr + ">");
      mimeMsg.addHeader("Return-Receipt-To", "<" + notifyAddr + ">");
    }
    
    mimeMsg.addHeader("Date", mailDateFormat.format(new Date()));
  
    mimeMsg.setNotifyOptions(deliverNotificationRequest);
    mimeMsg.setReturnOption(deliverNotificationContent);

    if (replyTo != null) {
      Address[] replyToAddrs = new Address[1];
      replyToAddrs[0] = new InternetAddress(this.replyTo);
      
      mimeMsg.setReplyTo(replyToAddrs);
      mimeMsg.setFrom(replyToAddrs[0]);
    }
    
    mimeMsg.setSentDate(new Date());
    mimeMsg.setSubject(subject);
//    mimeMsg.setContent(msg, msgType);
  
    // set the text content:
    MimeBodyPart msgPart = new MimeBodyPart();
    msgPart.setContent(msg, msgType + "; charset=" + charset);
    
    Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
    multipart.addBodyPart(msgPart);
    
    // add the attachments:
    String attFile;
    MimeBodyPart attachment;
    Iterator<String> it = new Vector<String>(attachments).iterator();
    
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      attFile = it.next();
      
      attachment = new MimeBodyPart();
      attachment.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new AppOctetStreamFileDataSource(attFile)));
      attachment.setFileName(FileUtil.extractFilename(attFile));

      multipart.addBodyPart(attachment);
    }
    
    mimeMsg.setContent(multipart);

    System.out.println("mail.smtp.ssl.trust: <<" + System.getProperty("mail.smtp.ssl.trust") + ">>");
    System.out.println("mail.smtp.ssl.socketfactory.class: <<" + System.getProperty("mail.smtp.ssl.socketfactory.class") + ">>");
    System.out.println("mail.smtp.socketfactory.class: <<" + System.getProperty("mail.smtp.socketfactory.class") + ">>");
    System.out.println("mail.smtp.ssl.protocols: <<" + System.getProperty("mail.smtp.ssl.protocols") + ">>");
    System.out.println("mail.smtp.ssl.ciphersuites: <<" + System.getProperty("mail.smtp.ssl.ciphersuites") + ">>");
    System.out.println("SSLContext.getDefault().getDefaultSSLParameters().getProtocols(): "
            + Arrays.toString(SSLContext.getDefault().getDefaultSSLParameters().getProtocols()));
    System.out.println("Arrays.toString(SSLContext.getDefault().getDefaultSSLParameters().getCipherSuites(): "
            + Arrays.toString(SSLContext.getDefault().getDefaultSSLParameters().getCipherSuites()));

    session.setDebug(debug);
    Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
    transport.connect(smtpServer, 25, username, pwd);
//System.out.println("#########" + System.getProperty("mail.smtp.localhost"));

    transport.sendMessage(mimeMsg, mimeMsg.getAllRecipients());

    transport.close();

为了调试，我添加了一些 System.out 来输出一些有趣的值。
这里 stdout输出:

DEBUG: JavaMail version 1.4.7
DEBUG: successfully loaded resource: /META-INF/javamail.default.providers
DEBUG: Tables of loaded providers
DEBUG: Providers Listed By Class Name: {com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtps,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport,Oracle], com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Oracle], com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imaps,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore,Oracle], com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3s,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore,Oracle], com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imap,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore,Oracle], com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store,Oracle]}
DEBUG: Providers Listed By Protocol: {imaps=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imaps,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore,Oracle], imap=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imap,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore,Oracle], smtps=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtps,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport,Oracle], pop3=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store,Oracle], pop3s=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3s,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore,Oracle], smtp=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Oracle]}
DEBUG: successfully loaded resource: /META-INF/javamail.default.address.map
mail.smtp.ssl.trust: <<null>>
mail.smtp.ssl.socketfactory.class: <<null>>
mail.smtp.socketfactory.class: <<null>>
mail.smtp.ssl.protocols: <<null>>
mail.smtp.ssl.ciphersuites: <<null>>
SSLContext.getDefault().getDefaultSSLParameters().getProtocols(): [TLSv1.3, TLSv1.2]
Arrays.toString(SSLContext.getDefault().getDefaultSSLParameters().getCipherSuites(): [TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV]

和 stderr :

javax.net.ssl|DEBUG|01|main|2021-06-10 08:28:39.042 CEST|SSLCipher.java:438|jdk.tls.keyLimits: entry = AES/GCM/NoPadding KeyUpdate 2^37. AES/GCM/NOPADDING:KEYUPDATE = 137438953472
javax.net.ssl|ERROR|01|main|2021-06-10 08:28:39.306 CEST|TransportContext.java:341|Fatal (HANDSHAKE_FAILURE): Couldn't kickstart handshaking (
"throwable" : {
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: No appropriate protocol (protocol is disabled or cipher suites are inappropriate)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.HandshakeContext.(HandshakeContext.java:170)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshakeContext.(ClientHandshakeContext.java:98)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.kickstart(TransportContext.java:221)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:433)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:411)
at com.sun.mail.util.SocketFetcher.configureSSLSocket(SocketFetcher.java:549)
at com.sun.mail.util.SocketFetcher.startTLS(SocketFetcher.java:486)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.startTLS(SMTPTransport.java:1902)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:666)
at javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:295)
at com.coco_on.tools.general.useCases.net.UCSendEMail.start(UCSendEMail.java:470)
at com.tetrixSystems.tHiddenExecuter.Executer.start(Executer.java:233)
at com.tetrixSystems.tHiddenExecuter.UCMain.start(UCMain.java:83)
at com.tetrixSystems.tHiddenExecuter.UCMain.main(UCMain.java:49)}

)
javax.net.ssl|DEBUG|01|main|2021-06-10 08:28:39.306 CEST|SSLSocketImpl.java:1638|close the underlying socket
javax.net.ssl|DEBUG|01|main|2021-06-10 08:28:39.306 CEST|SSLSocketImpl.java:1657|close the SSL connection (initiative)
javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not convert socket to TLS;
nested exception is:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: No appropriate protocol (protocol is disabled or cipher suites are inappropriate)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.startTLS(SMTPTransport.java:1907)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:666)
at javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:295)
at com.coco_on.tools.general.useCases.net.UCSendEMail.start(UCSendEMail.java:470)
at com.tetrixSystems.tHiddenExecuter.Executer.start(Executer.java:233)
at com.tetrixSystems.tHiddenExecuter.UCMain.start(UCMain.java:83)
at com.tetrixSystems.tHiddenExecuter.UCMain.main(UCMain.java:49)
Caused by: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: No appropriate protocol (protocol is disabled or cipher suites are inappropriate)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.HandshakeContext.(HandshakeContext.java:170)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshakeContext.(ClientHandshakeContext.java:98)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.TransportContext.kickstart(TransportContext.java:221)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:433)
at java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:411)
at com.sun.mail.util.SocketFetcher.configureSSLSocket(SocketFetcher.java:549)
at com.sun.mail.util.SocketFetcher.startTLS(SocketFetcher.java:486)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.startTLS(SMTPTransport.java:1902)
... 6 more

在 postfix 服务器端安装了 openssl 1.1.1:

#> openssl version
OpenSSL 1.1.1d  10 Sep 2019

我不相信java在内部使用openssl，但客户端openssl版本(CentOS/RHEL 7)也可能很有趣:

#> openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017

Answer 1

我在使用 jdk 11 时遇到了同样的问题。但我通过在 java.security 文件中注释这一行来解决它。

jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms=SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, RC4, DES, MD5withRSA, 
    DH keySize < 1024, EC keySize < 224, 3DES_EDE_CBC, anon, NULL, 
    include jdk.disabled.namedCurves